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Health Status and Health Facility Utilization of Community-Dwelling Elderly Living Alone in the Philippines: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

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Health 2019年第11期11卷 1554-1572页

作者： TJ Robinson Moncatar Keiko Nakamura Mosiur Rahman kaoruko seino Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship Division of Public Health Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo 113-8519 Japan

Background: Increase of elderly people living alone has been a concern even in the Philippines where filial piety is widely practiced with the support of large number of young people. Objectives of this study were to examine the relationships between living alone with self-reported illness among community elderly and living alone with health facility utilization among sick community elderly in the Philippines. Methods: Data of 5577 elderly (aged ≥ 60 years) from the 2013 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey were retrieved. Variables on living arrangements, self-reported illness, frequency of health facility visits, and admission to a health facility were used for analysis. Results: Among the elderly included in the analysis, 5.0% of them were living alone. Percentage of living alone was larger among rural elderly (6.0%) compared with urban elderly (3.6%);and among poor elderly (9.0%) compared with rich elderly (2.8%). Results of adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly living alone were more likely to report suffering from common colds (AOR 2.12;95% CI 1.57 - 2.86) or non-communicable diseases (AOR 2.18;95% CI 1.55 - 3.06), regardless of their socioeconomic status or insurance coverage. Among those who reported illness, the elderly living alone were more likely to visit a health facility with non-communicable disease (AOR 1.95;95% CI 1.22 - 3.14), after adjustment of other variables. Although elderly living alone who reported illness were likely to be admitted in a health facility, statistically significant association was not observed. Conclusion: Elderly living alone are more likely to report self-reported illness and use health facilities when they recognize their illness.

关键词： Aging Living Alone Health Status Health Facility Utilization Philippines

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Lipid and Diabetic Profiles of School Teachers in Afghanistan Facing Food Insecurity and Their Association with Knowledge Relating to Healthy Lifestyle

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 678-693页

作者： Ahmad Shekib Arab Keiko Nakamura kaoruko seino Shafiqullah Hemat Mohammad Omar Mashal Yuri Tashiro Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship Division of Public Health Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Ministry of Public Health Kabul Afghanistan

Objectives: To investigate lipid and diabetic profiles of school teachers in Kabul, Afghanistan, who face food insecurity, and examine the association of those with the teachers’ knowledge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Methods: A survey to examine biochemical indicators of NCDs (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference), food insecurity, lifestyle and knowledge of NCDs was conducted among 600 school teachers. Analyses were made of biochemical indicators of NCDs, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and subject’s lifestyle in relation to food security and the subject’s knowledge of NCDs. Results: Thirty-nine percent of school teachers experienced food insecurity. The percentage of TC ≥ 200 mg/dL;HbA1c ≥ 5.5%;hypertension and metabolic syndrome were 20.2%, 29.7%, 32.2% and 33.7%, respectively. Food insecurity was associated with lower fruit and vegetable consumption and higher potato consumption. Food insecurity was associated with increased TC (AOR 2.03;95%CI: 1.23 - 3.34), decreased HDL (AOR 1.70;95%CI: 1.12 - 2.58), increased HbA1c (AOR 1.73;95%CI: 1.14 - 2.64), hypertension (AOR 1.68;95%CI: 1.01 - 2.80) and diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (AOR 1.78;95%CI: 1.18 - 2.68), after adjustment by demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables. Among people living under condition of food insecurity, greater NCD knowledge was associated with smaller prevalence of TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, HDL Conclusions: Under conditions of food insecurity, diets have less variety and individuals are more likely to exhibit biomedical risk factors of NCDs. Even under conditions of food insecurity, people with knowledge of NCDs may have better coping strategies for their choice of lifestyles and exhibited a lower percentage of risk factors of NCDs.

关键词： Food Insecurity Afghanistan Non-Communicable Diseases Metabolic Syndrome School Teachers

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Geographical Patterns of Tuberculosis Notification Rates and Their Associations with Sociodemographic Characteristics in Communes in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第2期7卷 118-129页

作者： Ayano Miyashita Aya Hiraki Keiko Nakamura Takehito Takano kaoruko seino Saber Al-Sobaihi Ngy Mean Heng Koeut Pichenda Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship Division of Public Health Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Phnom Penh Municipality Health Department Phnom Penh Cambodia Ministry of Public Health National Institute for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Phnom Penh Cambodia

Objective: To identify the patterns of tuberculosis (TB) notification rates in Phnom Penh and examine their relationships with the population density, socioeconomic, residential and occupational characteristics. Methods: The numbers of total TB and smear-positive pulmonary TB cases reported between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2012 in Phnom Penh were counted for 76 communes in Cambodia according to TB registration records filed under the national TB programme. Population, socioeconomic, residential and occupational characteristics for the communes were obtained from the 2008 General Population Census of Cambodia. The following indicators were developed for individual communes: smear-positive pulmonary TB notification rate (SPTB-NR) (per 100,000 population, in 36 months), population density (per km2), socioeconomic indicators, residential characteristics and occupational characteristics. Geographic patterns of these indicators and characteristics were analysed using ArcGIS. Associations between SPTB-NR and characteristics were analysed. Results: A total of 4102 TB cases were reported in 36 months, including 2046 SPTB cases. SPTB-NR for Phnom Penh was 135 cases per 100,000;median SPTB-NR by commune was 100. SPTB-NR was higher in outlying areas than in city centre communes;population density was high in the centre and low in the outlying areas. SPTB-NR was associated with larger percentage of household members per room (PR: 2.81, 95%CI: 2.68 - 2.93), percentage of population resident in the same commune Conclusions: The SPTB-NR in Phnom Penh did not follow the pattern of population density. Socioeconomic, residential and occupational characteristics by commune were associated with SPTB-NR. Development of prevention and control programmes by considering commune level characteristics is encouraged.

关键词： TB Notification Rate National Tuberculosis Programme Census Data Area-Based Approaches Cambodia

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Social Activity Patterns Drive High Rates of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Adolescents in Urban Tanzania<br/>—Latent TB Infection in Adolescents, Tanzania

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2018年第1期6卷 81-95页

作者： Isaac I. Maro Keiko Nakamura kaoruko seino Kisali Pallangyo Patricia Munseri Mecky Matee Charles Fordham von Reyn Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Internal Medicine Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover NH USA

SETTING: Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) among adolescents in a country with a high TB burden, and examine risks of LTBI according to their social activity patterns. METHODS: A cross-sectional study nested within a phase 2b randomised, placebo controlled, double blind study and consisted of 824 adolescents, 13 - 15 years old who had received Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, were attending public secondary schools and had no evidence of active tuberculosis (TB). Anthropometric measurements were obtained, a questionnaire administered, and phlebotomy performed for a T spot interferon-γ?release assay (IGRA) to detect LTBI. RESULTS: Among 824 subjects, 149 (18%) had a positive IGRA. After adjusting for the influence of household socioeconomic status, history of TB contact, living environment and nutritional status, LTBI risk was higher in subjects with than without regular informal encounters with traditional alcoholic beverage drinkers (AOR, 6.37 [1.84 - 22.00]). Other significant factors for LTBI risk included contact with TB patient at school (AOR, 3.34 [1.14 - 9.80]), and living close to a health facility, as was observed among those from houses within a 10 - 30-minute walking distance to the nearest health facility, who were less likely to be IGRA-positive than those who were living within a 10-minute walking distance (AOR, 0.30 [95%CI, 0.13 - 0.69]). CONCLUSION: This IGRA study revealed a high prevalence of LTBI among adolescents in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania with prior BCG immunization. Informal social encounters were identified as independent risk factors for LTBI, along with a history of contact with TB patients, living environment characteristics and household socioeconomic status. Efforts focusing on risk of MTB transmission in adolescents at informal social gatherings will improve interventions to reduce LTBI in this population and consequently the subsequent risk of developing a

关键词： Dar es Salaam Social Factors IGRA T Spot Adolescents BCG DAR 901

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Relative importance of tidal flats and artificial habitats for two spoonbill species and related interspecific differences

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 317-325页

作者： Takehiko Shimizu Masayuki Senzaki Yuichiro Fujioka Satoquo seino School of Interdisciplinary Science and Innovation Kyushu UniversityMotooka 744Nishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido UniversityKita 10-jo Nishi 5-chome Kita-kuSapporoHokkaido060-0810Japan Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido UniversityKita 10-jo Nishi 5-chome Kita-kuSapporoHokkaido060-0810Japan Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies Kyushu UniversityMotooka 744Nishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan Faculty of Engineering Kyushu UniversityMotooka 744Nishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan

Artificial/seminatural environments,such as aquacultural ponds,saltpans,and croplands,have recently been acknowledged as important habitats for coastal *** coastal waterbirds tend to use artificial habitats around tidal flats as roosting sites during high-tide,it remains unclear whether the importance of surrounding habitats relative to tidal flats varies among landscape types,seasons,species,or tidal *** Black-faced Spoonbill(Platalea minor)and Eurasian Spoonbill(***)are two closely related sympatric species in East Asia with narrow and wide distribution ranges and habitat requirements,*** therefore expect that both species will use surrounding artificial habitats across seasons at high tides,but Blackfaced Spoonbills will use them less frequently than Eurasian ***,we address these hypotheses in the Imazu tidal flat and its surrounding environments in southern *** investigated the habitat use and behavioral patterns of both species through route and behavioral surveys during the fall migration and wintering seasons in *** found that both species used surrounding habitats including artificial ones more frequently than the tidal flat regardless of the tidal condition or season,but spoonbills used these habitats more frequently in winter than in *** also found that Eurasian Spoonbills foraged in surrounding artificial habitats more frequently than Black-faced *** results not only demonstrate how coastal waterbirds exploit surrounding habitats relative to tidal flats but also suggest that the importance of surrounding habitats varies among species and *** study thus emphasizes that valuing and managing surrounding habitats in addition to tidal flats are key to conserving globally declining waterbirds.

关键词： Artificial habitat Behavior Black-faced Spoonbill Eurasian Spoonbill Habitat use Surrounding environment Species distribution model Tidal flat

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Experimental and numerical study of water sprayed turbulent combustion: Proposal of a neural network modeling for five-dimensional flamelet approach

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Energy and AI 2021年第3期5卷 316-324页

作者： Takafumi Honzawa Reo Kai Kotaro Hori Makoto seino Takayuki Nishiie Ryoichi Kurose Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto daigaku-KatsuraNishikyo-kuKyoto 615-8540Japan Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd.1-7-7 Suehiro-choTsurumi-kuYokohamaKanagawa 230-0045Japan Numerical Flow Designing Co. Ltd.1-10-10Higashi-GotandaShinagawa-kuTokyo 141-0022Japan

Owing to the increasing worldwide demand for natural gas,the development of a large submerged combustion vaporizer is *** burner is equipped with a water spray nozzle to reduce nitrogen oxides,and a practi-cal simulation method is required for the optimal *** non-adiabatic flamelet approach can predict the combustion emissions and is useful for reducing simulation ***,as the number of control variables increases,the database requires larger memory and cannot be dealt with by general *** this study,an artificial neural network(ANN)model based on a five-dimensional flamelet database,which includes the effects of heat loss and vapor concentration by sprayed water evaporation,is ***,large eddy sim-ulations(LESs)for turbulent combustion fields with and without water spray are conducted employing flamelet generated manifold(FGM)approach with this ANN model,and the validity is *** comparison,a lab-scale burner equipped with a water spray nozzle is manufactured,and combustion experiments with and without water spray are *** results show that CO,NO,temperature,and reaction rate of progress variable predicted by the present ANN model are in good agreement with those of a five-dimensional flamelet *** the condition without water spray,the flame behavior predicted by the LES employing the FGM/ANN ap-proach is in good agreement with that employing the conventional FGM approach,while indicating much lower memory,although there appeared some quantitative discrepancies in the temperature against the experiment probably partially because of the insufficiency of the FGM approach for the present complex flame *** the condition with water spray,the LES employing the FGM/ANN approach is able to capture the effect of the water spray on the flame behavior in the experiment,such that the water spray decreases the temperature,which causes the decrease in NO but increase in CO.

关键词： Neural network modeling Five-dimensional flamelet approach Water spray Large eddy simulation

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The ＂MIZBERING＂ Zuibaiji Conference - A Search for Continuity in the Zuibaiji River Basin-

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2016年第9期5卷 407-411页

作者： Takaya Anai Satoquo seino Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395Japan

The Zuibaiji River is located in the west of Fukuoka city, which has a rich natural resources and history but various problems as well. In order to solve some of these problems, stakeholders need to observe and talk about the river. Also recently, the ＂MIZBERING Project＂ has been opening up possibilities for renewing riverside uses of lost activities from the old days in Japan. This project is being conducted by citizens, companies and government administrations with an interest in waterside areas. The First MIZBER1NG Zuibaiji River Conference was held to discuss the issues of the Zuibaiji Basin. Its purpose was to visit and search out the nature and history of the entire Zuibaiji Basin from its mountains to the sea and to rediscover the Zuibaiji Basin, and finally to discuss future plans for the Zuibaiji Basin and Imazu Tidal Flat at its outlet. After visiting the Zuibaiji Basin, we discovered a problem that the Zubaiji Dam is holding not only water but also sand, and this problem affects the environment of the Zuibaiji Basin, such as its ecosystem and topography. Finally, we provided a venue for the local people to discuss problems and future plans for the Zuibaiji Basin.

关键词： Zuibaiji River MIZBER1NG Project Imazu Tidal Flat oyster reef horseshoe crab black-faced spoonbill.

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Regeneration of pancreatic β-cells:in vitro and in vivo models(Abstract)

Regeneration of pancreatic β-cells:in vitro and in vivo mod...

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2006年中华医学会糖尿病分会第十次全国糖尿病学术会议

作者： Susumu seino Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Kobe University School of Medicine

Many attempts have been made to generate new insulin- producing β- cells in vitro from non -β- cells. Adult cells possess unexpected high plasticity in their differentiation capacity. We have recently shown that insulin - secreting cells can be derived from adult mouse pancreatic exocrine cells. Analysis by the Cre/loxP - based di-

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地球变暖及其对粮食生产的影响

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杂交水稻 1991年第1期6卷 46-47页

作者： Dr. Hlroshi seino 周上游日本国家农业环境科学研究所气候资源室

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Coronary atherosclerosis is already ongoing in pre-diabetic status: Insight from intravascular imaging modalities

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第1期6卷 184-191页

作者： Osamu Kurihara Masamichi Takano Yoshihiko seino Wataru Shimizu Kyoichi Mizuno Cardiovascular Center Chiba-Hokusoh Hospital Nippon Medical School Division of Cardiology Nippon Medical School Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation

Diabetes mellitus is a powerful risk factor of coronary artery disease(CAD), leading to death and disability. In recent years, given the accumulating evidence that prediabetes is also related to increasing risk of CAD including cardiovascular events, a new guideline has been proposed for the treatment of blood cholesterolfor primary prevention of cardiovascular events. This guideline recommends aggressive lipid-lowering statin therapy for primary prevention in diabetes and other patients. The ultimate goal of patient management is to inhibit progression of systemic atherosclerosis and prevent fatal cardiovascular events such as acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Because disruption of atherosclerotic coronary plaques is a trigger of ACS, the high-risk atheroma is called a vulnerable plaque. Several types of novel diagnostic imaging technologies have been developed for identifying the characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis before the onset of ACS, especially vulnerable plaques. According to coronary angioscopic evaluation, atherosclerosis severity and plaque vulnerability were more advanced in prediabetic than in nondiabetic patients and comparable to that in diabetic patients. In addition, pharmacological intervention by statin therapy changed plaque color and complexity, and the dynamic changes in plaque features are considered plaque stabilization. In this article, we review the findings of atherosclerosis in prediabetes, detected by intravascular imaging modalities, and the therapeutic implications.

关键词： Diabetes Prediabetes Statin therapy Coronary artery disease Intravascular imaging modality

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