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激光诱导荧光技术与地下水重金属原位检测应用进展

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岩矿测试 2025年第1期44卷 19-34页

作者：毛康薛家奇陈卓张华中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室贵州贵阳550081

对地下水重金属污染进行现场检测,是快速识别重金属种类和评价污染程度的重要手段。激光诱导荧光技术(LIF)利用特定荧光探针,在目标重金属存在下,通过激光诱导荧光探针产生/猝灭荧光,从而完成对重金属的识别和检测,具有快速甄别地下水... 详细信息

对地下水重金属污染进行现场检测,是快速识别重金属种类和评价污染程度的重要手段。激光诱导荧光技术(LIF)利用特定荧光探针,在目标重金属存在下,通过激光诱导荧光探针产生/猝灭荧光,从而完成对重金属的识别和检测,具有快速甄别地下水重金属污染特性和无损获取其价态的优势。本文在简述LIF检测重金属原理和LIF原位检测地下水重金属装备基础上,重点从荧光探针合成及其在重金属传感检测方法的构建上总结了基于不同荧光探针的LIF现场检测重金属的研究进展。目前可用于重金属检测的荧光探针包括以小分子探针、有机大分子和聚集诱导发光为主的有机荧光探针和以金纳米簇、量子点和金属有机框架材料为代表的纳米荧光探针。这些探针的合成及其对应的传感检测方法的构建表明LIF技术在地下水重金属检测中具有巨大优势。而针对地下水重金属检测的LIF设备研发方面的成果虽不如荧光传感检测方法丰富,但已研制出部分重金属的传感器和检测装备,表现出良好的应用前景。未来研究将会聚焦在地下水重金属主控因子识别和抗干扰技术研发、荧光探针合成与LIF检测方法构建、重金属传感部件和检测装备集成研制,以及检测技术标准化,为后续场地地下水典型重金属LIF检测技术的研究提供参考。

关键词：地下水重金属激光诱导荧光荧光探针现场检测

直接Z-型BAs/Ga_(2)SO范德华异质结光催化分解水研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第6期42卷 10-16页

作者：许康黄欣杨志红南京邮电大学电子与光学工程学院、柔性电子(未来技术)学院南京210023 南京邮电大学理学院南京210023

基于第一性原理计算,系统研究了BAs/Ga_(2)SO异质结的光催化分解水性能.结果表明:BAs/Ga_(2)SO异质结具有良好的热力学稳定性并表现出交错的能带排列方式,带隙值为0.73 eV,界面处存在从BAs指向Ga_(2)SO的内建电场使其形成了直接Z-型异质... 详细信息

基于第一性原理计算,系统研究了BAs/Ga_(2)SO异质结的光催化分解水性能.结果表明:BAs/Ga_(2)SO异质结具有良好的热力学稳定性并表现出交错的能带排列方式,带隙值为0.73 eV,界面处存在从BAs指向Ga_(2)SO的内建电场使其形成了直接Z-型异质结,能够有效分离光生电子-空穴对.另外,异质结的带边位置可以跨越水的氧化还原电位,析氢反应发生在BAs侧而析氧反应发生在Ga_(2)SO侧.最后,基于吉布斯自由能变化计算,发现在有光照时,析氢和析氧反应在BAs/Ga_(2)SO异质结表面可自发进行.以上结果表明BAs/Ga_(2)SO异质结是有潜力的光催化分解水材料.

关键词：第一性原理计算直接Z型异质结光催化分解水吉布斯自由能

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斯氏艾美耳球虫感染兔肠道菌群的变化分析

中国养兔 2024年第4期 4-8,33页

作者：陈晓娣康润敏杨锐张先惠肖璐陈飞柴勇于吉锋谢晶曹冶叶建强吴学婧毛从剑潘梦李兴玉魏勇叶勇刚四川省畜牧科学研究院动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室成都610066 西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院成都610041 四川省仁寿县动物疫病预防控制中心仁寿620500 四川省武胜县动物疫病预防控制中心武胜638400

研究旨在分析斯氏艾美耳球虫感染兔肠道菌群的结构组成变化。选取12只雌性新西兰白兔,随机分为感染组(G3)和对照组(C3),G3兔灌胃感染1.0×10~5个斯氏艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,C3兔灌胃等量生理盐水。在感染后第23天收集对照组和感染组兔小... 详细信息

研究旨在分析斯氏艾美耳球虫感染兔肠道菌群的结构组成变化。选取12只雌性新西兰白兔,随机分为感染组(G3)和对照组(C3),G3兔灌胃感染1.0×10~5个斯氏艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,C3兔灌胃等量生理盐水。在感染后第23天收集对照组和感染组兔小肠内容物,提取DNA,并对其进行16S rRNA测序及生物信息学分析。结果发现,对照组和感染组兔肠道菌群的Alpha多样性没有显著差异,而β多样性发生变化,表明两组的菌群结构不同。Metastats分析发现,与C3组相比,G3组兔肠道中拟杆菌属(Bacteroides),副杆菌属(Parabacteroides),罕见小球菌属(Subdoligranulum)以及具有抗炎作用的Lachnoclostridium属丰度显著升高(P<0.05);而类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus)(P<0.05)的丰度显著下降。同样,LEfSe分析中也发现拟杆菌的丰度明显升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,斯氏艾美耳球虫感染兔肠道菌群的组成与对照组相比有明显的不同。

关键词：斯氏艾美耳球虫新西兰白兔肠道菌群

ADVANCES IN TRANSFORMATION RATCHETING AND RATCHETING-FATIGUE INTERACTION OF NITI SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2013年第3期26卷 221-236页

作者： Guozheng kang School of Mechanics and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University

The accumulation of inelastic deformation occurring in NiTi shape memory alloy under the stress-controlled cyclic loading condition is named transformation ratcheting, since it is mainly caused by the solid-solid transformation from austenite to martensite phase and vice versa. The transformation ratcheting and its effect on the fatigue life （i.e., transformation-fatigue interaction） are key issues that should be addressed in order to assess the fatigue of NiTi shape memory alloy more accurately. In this paper, the advances in the studies on the transformation ratcheting and rateheting-fatigue interaction of super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloy in recent years are reviewed： First, experimental observation of the uniaxial transformation ratcheting and ratcheting-fatigue interaction of super-elastic NiTi alloy under the stress-controlled cyclic loading conditions is treated, and the detrimental effect of transformation ratcheting on the fatigue life is addressed; Secondly, two types of cyclic constitutive models （i.e., a macroscopic phenomeno- logical model and a micromechanical one based on crystal plasticity） constructed to describe the transformation ratcheting of super-elastic NiTi alloy are discussed; Furthermore, an energy-based failure model is provided and dealt with by comparing its predicted fatigue lives with experimental ones; Finally, some suggestions about future work are made.

关键词： NiTi shape memory alloy transformation ratcheting constitutive model fatigue,failure model

Lattice Boltzmann method simulating hemodynamics in the three-dimensional stenosed and recanalized human carotid bifurcations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2015年第1期58卷 117-124页

作者： kang XiuYing Physics Department Beijing Normal University

By using the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)pulsatile blood flows were simulated in three-dimensional moderate stenosed and recanalized carotid bifurcations to understand local hemodynamics and its relevance in arterial atherosclerosis formation and *** helical flow patterns,secondary flow and wall dynamical pressure spatiotemporal distributions were investigated,which leads to the disturbed shear forces in the carotid artery *** wall shear stress distributions indicated by time-averaged wall shear stress(TAWSS),oscillatory shear index(OSI),and the relative residence time(RRT)in a cardiac cycle revealed the regions where atherosclerotic plaques are prone to form,extend or *** study also illustrates the point that locally disturbed flow may be considered as an indicator for early atherosclerosis *** the present work demonstrates the robust and highly efficient advantages of the LBM for the hemodynamics study of the human blood vessel system.

关键词： atherosclerosis carotid bifurcation lattice Boltzmann method wall shear stress helical flow pattern

Effects of Flame Temperature and Absorption Coefficient on Premixed Flame Interactions with Radiation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第3期30卷 1046-1056页

作者： kang Sang Hun Department of Aerospace System Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

The effects of the flame temperature and the absorption coefficient on interactions between radiative heat transfer and the flame behavior were numerically investigated using high-fidelity numerical code with the discrete ordinates *** study the effects of the flame temperature and the absorption coefficient,three different flame temperatures and four different absorption coefficient conditions were selected,so twelve test cases were studied in *** the numerical test results,radiation effects resulted in preheating of the reactant gases and heat loss from the product gases.A higher flame temperature resulted in stronger preheating effects in reactants near the *** to the preheating effects,with the appropriate absorption coefficient,the peak temperature appeared at the flame *** flame temperatures resulted in larger reabsorption effects in the product *** peak temperature at the flame front and the flame speed were influenced by the combined effects of preheating and radiative heat loss at the flame *** on the conditions,due to those effects,the peak temperature and the flame speed could increase or *** the absorption coefficient was sufficiently large,the temperature decrease was reduced in the product zone.

关键词： radiation high-fidelity numerical simulation discrete ordinates method premixed flame

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改善机械故障监测和维护的人工智能方法

价值工程 2025年第1期44卷 154-156页

作者：康晨祺青岛城市学院青岛251600

工业4.0时代,传统维护方式难以满足机械故障监测的高效、精准需求。本研究针对预测性维护(PdM),利用工业物联网(IIoT)技术自动采集数据。构建人工神经网络(ANN)模型,分析S型激活函数,采用均方误差(MSE)等评估性能。针对数据不均衡,结合... 详细信息

工业4.0时代,传统维护方式难以满足机械故障监测的高效、精准需求。本研究针对预测性维护(PdM),利用工业物联网(IIoT)技术自动采集数据。构建人工神经网络(ANN)模型,分析S型激活函数,采用均方误差(MSE)等评估性能。针对数据不均衡,结合专家知识分析。实验显示,ANN模型准确度87%,提升维护效率与准确性。PdM策略优势显著,为制造业提供高效、低成本维护方案,奠定科学评估基础,有望推动机械故障监测与维护领域进步。

关键词：故障诊断人工智能机械维护质量控制预测

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神经营养因子3经受体切换促进大鼠脊髓损伤后神经功能的恢复

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第11期29卷 2268-2276页

作者：丛岩于健孙志德康大伟承德医学院附属医院急诊科河北省承德市067000

背景:神经营养因子是治疗脊髓损伤的新方法,调控自噬是其发挥作用的机制之一,但具体的信号通路尚不明确。目的:探讨神经营养因子3如何通过P75NTR/Trk C受体切换来调节少突胶质细胞的自噬以及促进脊髓损伤后神经功能恢复的作用,进一步明... 详细信息

背景:神经营养因子是治疗脊髓损伤的新方法,调控自噬是其发挥作用的机制之一,但具体的信号通路尚不明确。目的:探讨神经营养因子3如何通过P75NTR/Trk C受体切换来调节少突胶质细胞的自噬以及促进脊髓损伤后神经功能恢复的作用,进一步明确具体的分子机制。方法:将24只SD大鼠随机分为3组:假手术组、脊髓损伤组和神经营养因子3组,通过大鼠后肢神经功能评分来评估神经营养因子3对脊髓损伤大鼠的治疗效果,采用Western blot检测各组大鼠脊髓组织中神经营养因子3、Olig1、MBP蛋白以及自噬标记蛋白LC3B的表达水平。在细胞实验中,将少突胶质细胞接种在培养皿中,分为糖氧剥夺组、糖氧剥夺+神经营养因子3组、糖氧剥夺+神经营养因子3+P75NTR质粒组、糖氧剥夺+神经营养因子3+Trk C质粒组、糖氧剥夺+3-甲基腺嘌呤(自噬抑制剂)组及糖氧剥夺+雷帕霉素(自噬激活剂)组。光学显微镜观察少突胶质细胞形态变化,TUNEL染色观察细胞凋亡现象,Western blot检测Trk C受体、P75NTR、LC3B表达及PI3K/AKT/m TOR和AMPK/m TOR信号途径的磷酸化状态。结果与结论:(1)动物实验显示,与假手术组相比,脊髓损伤后神经营养因子3的表达显著增加(P<0.05);与脊髓损伤组相比,外源性神经营养因子3治疗能够加快大鼠神经功能的恢复(P<0.05),并增加Olig1和MBP蛋白的表达(P<0.05);(2)细胞实验发现,3 h是损伤早期与中后期的分界点,与糖氧剥夺组相比,糖氧剥夺+神经营养因子3组少突胶质细胞能够更长时间地维持其形态,Trk C受体在早期表达水平较低而中后期显著上调(P<0.05),P75NTR则在早期上调而中后期下调(P<0.05),自噬水平呈现出先升高后降低的趋势(P<0.05);(3)通过对比糖氧剥夺+神经营养因子3组、糖氧剥夺+雷帕霉素组和糖氧剥夺+3-甲基腺嘌呤组的细胞形态和TUNEL染色结果,发现单独促进或抑制自噬对少突胶质细胞的存活均有不利影响,而类似神经营养因子3这样调节自噬的方法则能最大限度地维持细胞存活;(4)神经营养因子3在早期通过P75NTR/AMPK/m TOR信号通路促进自噬,而在后期通过Trk C/PI3K/AKT/m TOR信号通路抑制自噬。根据上述结果,得到如下结论,即神经营养因子3可以通过P75NTR/Trk C受体的切换能够双向调控少突胶质细胞的自噬,从而维持细胞存活,有助于脊髓损伤后大鼠的神经功能恢复。

关键词：神经营养因子3 自噬少突胶质细胞受体切换凋亡脊髓损伤

Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of Simiaowan in the treatment of hyperuricemia: in vivo and in silico approaches

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 37-54页

作者： Yong-Chang Zeng Jun-Hong Wu Dan-Dan Xu kang He Chang-Qing Liu Li-Fei Song Zheng-Zhi Wu Qian-Qian Jiang Shao-Yu Liang Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518020China Pharmaceutical Department The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China School of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China Guangzhou Zeli Medical Technology Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510700China

Background:Simiaowan(SMW),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine,has been employed to treat hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout for ***,the bioactive components and underlying mechanisms have not been *** objective of this study was to identify the active components and potential mechanisms of SMW by integrating pharmacological experimentation,serum pharmacochemistry,network pharmacology and molecular ***:HUA rats modelling by high-fat/high-sugar diet and potassium oxonate/adenine oral administration were used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of ***-Q-Exactive-MS/MS was employed to detect the bioactive components present in SMW-containing *** pharmacology and molecular docking were utilized to elucidate the potential targets and underlying ***:SMW effectively ameliorated HUA rats via the inhibition of uric acid(UA)production,promotion of UA excretion,improvement of lipid and glucose metabolic abnormalities,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin resistance effects.A total of 73 compounds detected in SMW-containing serum were identified as potential active components,with alkaloids,flavonoids,organic acids,and terpenoids emerging as the primary active *** 203 corresponding targets were obtained as SMW anti-HUA/gout targets,which mainly participated in apoptosis,insulin resistance,TNF,PI3K-Akt,HIF-1,NF-κB,MAPK,IL-17 and TLR signaling *** docking indicated that active compounds(***,phellodendrine,quercetin,formononetin,ferulic acid)had superior binding abilities to the key targets(*** carrier family 22 member 12(URAT1),solute carrier family 22 member 6(OAT1),ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2(ABCG2),solute carrier family 2,facilitated glucose transporter member 9(GLUT9),xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase(XDH),transcription factor p65(RELA),toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),caspase-3(CASP3),insulin(INS)).Conclusion:S

关键词： hyperuricemia network pharmacology serum pharmacochemistry Simiaowan UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS