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Developing silicon-based photocathodes for CO_(2) con.ersion

Scien.e China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1904-1921页

作者： Weijie Zhuang Miao kan Tao Meng Jinlong Zhang Key Laboratory for Advan.ed Materials and Joint In.ernational Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular engin.ering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Shanghai engin.ering Research Cen.er for Multimedia environ.ental Catalysis and Resource Utilization East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

Photoelectrochemical(PeC)con.ersion of CO_(2) presents a promising aven.e for solar-driven chemical fuel production,with silicon.emerging as a cost-effective and high-light-absorbing material pivotal to this *** at exploring opportunities for industrializing PeC CO_(2) reduction(PeC-CO_(2)R)by minimizing reaction.energy consumption.enhancing reaction.efficiency and selectivity,this review summarizes recent advan.ements in developing Si-based photocathodes for PeC-CO_(2)*** outlines the fundamental principles,advantages,and limitations of Si photocathodes with key performan.e *** on this un.erstanding,the strategies to enhan.e the performan.e of the PeC-CO_(2)R system,including light absorption,charge separation,and catalytic reactions are categorized as the in.erfacial modification,active site decoration,and protective layer *** design ideas of this advantageous three-layer structure in promoting the efficiency,stability,and selectivity have been ***,this review scrutinizes the influen.e of the photocathodic chemical *** review consolidates the mechanism insights and notable breakthroughs of various fuel generation processes within Si-based PeC-CO_(2)R *** this wealth of information offers an up-to-date perspective on the dynamic developments in silicon-based PeC-CO_(2) con.ersion and un.erscores the promising pathways toward the sustainable fuel synthesis from pollutant CO_(2).

关键词： photoelectrochemistry solar fuels silicon photocathodes carbon dioxide reduction microenviron.ent

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Impact of Atmospheric Transmittan.e and nLTe Correction on Simulation of High Spectral Infrared Atmospheric Soun.er onboard FY-3e

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 225-234页

作者： Chenggege FAnG Peiming DOnG Yang HAn Wanlin kan Collaborative Innovation Cen.er on Forecast and evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan 316021 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 CMA earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210041

With the launch of the first civilian.early-morning orbit satellite Fengyun-3e(FY-3e),higher demands are placed on the accuracy of radiative transfer simulations for hyperspectral infrared ***,several key issues are in.estigated in the ***,the accuracy of the fast atmospheric transmittan.e model implemen.ed in the Advan.ed Research and Modeling System(ARMS)has been.evaluated with both the line-by-line radiative transfer model(LBLRTM)and the actual satellite *** results indicate that the biases are generally less than 0.25 K when compared to the LBLRTM,while below 1.0 K for the majority of the chan.els when compared to the ***,during both comparisons,significant biases are observed in certain *** accuracy of Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Soun.er-II(HIRAS-II)onboard FY-3e is comparable to,and even superior to that of the Cross-track Infrared Soun.er(CrIS)onboard ***,apodization is a crucial step in the processing of hyperspectral data in that the apodization function is utilized as the instrument chan.el spectral respon.e function to produce the satellite chan.el-averaged *** further explore the differen.e between the apodized and unapodized simulations,Sinc function is adopted in the fast transmittan.e *** is found that the use of Sinc function can make the simulations fit the original satellite observations *** simulating with apodized observations,the use of Sinc function.exhibits larger deviations compared to the Hamming ***,a correction module is applied to minimize the impact of non-Local Thermodynamic equilibrium(nLTe)in the shortwave infrared *** is verified that the implementation of the nLTe correction model leads to a significant reduction in the bias between the simulation and observation for this band.

关键词： high spectral infrared sounding atmospheric transmittan.e apodization non-Local Thermodynamic equilibrium Fengyun-3e(FY-3e)

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Simplified seismic scenario analysis of existing masonry buildings accounting for local site effects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engin.ering 2024年第2期18卷 309-318页

作者： Ayşe e.ÖZSOYÖZBAY Işıl SAnRI KARAPInAR Zehra n.KUTLU İsmail e.KILIÇ Department of Civil engin.ering Maltepe UniversityIstanbul 34857Turkey School of engin.ering and Construction Oryx Universal CollegeDoha 12253Qatar

This study discusses the effects of local sites and hazard amplification on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry *** this con.ext,a rapid seismic evaluation procedure was implemen.ed on an old masonry building stock in the historical cen.er Galata,located inİstanbul,to determine the seismic risk priority of the built *** scenarios were generated for all soil classes,different moment magnitudes,and source-to-site distan.es to obtain more accurate results for the seismic vulnerability assessment of the studied building ***,damage distributions estimated un.er nine different scenarios with/without site effects were compared and illustrated in maps to discuss chan.es in vulnerability owing to amplification *** this study,by re-examining the rapid seismic evaluation procedure by including geo-hazard-based assessment,the importan.e of site effects on the vulnerability and risk assessment of built heritage was *** proposed framework in.egrating field data and local site effects is believed to advan.e the current applications for vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings and provide an improvement in the application of rapid seismic assessment procedures with more reliable results.

关键词： masonry buildings seismic vulnerability assessment cultural heritage local site effect

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In vivo astrocyte reprogramming following spinal cord injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 487-488页

作者： Yannick n.Gerber Floren.e e.Perrin MMDn University of MontpellierEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance Institut Universitaire de Fran.e(IUF) ParisFrance

Harmful and helpful roles of astrocytes in spinal cord injury(SCI):SCI induce gradable sensory,motor and autonomic impairments that correlate with the lesion severity and the rostro-caudal location of the injury *** absen.e of spontaneous axonal regeneration after injury results from neuron-intrinsic and neuron.extrinsic ***,not only adult neurons display limited capability to regrow axons but also the injury environ.ent contains inhibitors to axonal regeneration and a lack of growth-promoting *** other cell populations that respond to the lesion,reactive astrocytes were first considered as only detrimental to spontaneous axonal ***,astrocytes.

关键词： injury impairment programming

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Photoelectrochemical seawater oxidation with metal oxide materials:Challen.es and opportunities

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 767-782,I0016页

作者： Miao kan Hangyu Hu Weijie Zhuang Meng Tao Shiqun Wu Jinlong Zhang Key Laboratory for Advan.ed Materials and Joint In.ernational Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular engin.ering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai engin.ering Research Cen.er for Multimedia environ.ental Catalysis and Resource Utilization East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237 China

Photocatalytic water oxidation is a crucial coun.er-electrode reaction in the process of photoelectrochemical energy *** its importan.e,challen.es remain in.effectively and sustainably con.erting water to oxygen,particularly with readily available and inexpensive electrolyte solutions such as *** metal oxide materials have demonstrated their advantages in promoting efficiency by reducing overpotential and improving light utilization,stability remains limited by corrosion in multicomponent *** this paper,we reviewed the relationship between four basic con.epts including photoelectrochemistry,metal oxide,water oxidation and seawater to better un.erstand the challen.es and opportunities in photoelectrochemical(PeC)seawater *** overcome these challen.es,the advan.es in material design,in.erfacial modification,local environ.ent control and reactor design have been further reviewed to benefit the industrial PeC seawater ***,we demonstrate engin.ered layered metal oxide electrodes and cell structures that enable powerful and stable seawater *** also outline and advise on the future direction in this area.

关键词： Photoelectrochemistry Anode Water oxidation Metal oxide Seawater Stability

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nanomotion of bacteria to determine metabolic profile

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nanotechnology and Precision.engin.ering 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： S.n.Pleskova e.V.Lazarenko n.A.Bezrukov R.n.Kriukov A.V.Boryakov M.e.Dokukin S.I.Surodin Research Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Department of nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Sarov Physics and Technology Institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

In addition to their visible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacteria can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitive instruments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacterial nanomotion using an AFM detection *** results show that the nanomotion characteristics depend on the bacterial strain,and that nanomotion can be used to sen.e the metabolic activity of bacteria because the oscillations are sensitive to the food preferen.es of the bacteria and the type of surrounding medium.

关键词： nanomotion Bacteria Cantilever Oscillation Atomic force microscopy Metabolism

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Landau quantization.effects on damping Kawahara solitons in.electron–positron–ion plasma in rotating ionized medium

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第10期76卷 143-152页

作者： e I el-Awady S Hussain n Akhtar Department of Physics Faculty of Science Port Said University Theoretical Physics Division (TPD) PINSTECH

For the dynamics of three-dimensional electron–positron–ion plasmas, a fluid quantum hydrodynamic model is proposed by considering Landau quantization.effects in den.e ***–neutral collisions in the presen.e of the Coriolis force are also considered. The application of the reductive perturbation technique produces a wave evolution.equation represen.ed by a damped Korteweg–de Vries equation. This equation, however, is insufficient for describing waves in our system at very low dispersion coefficients. As a result, we considered the highest-order perturbation, which resulted in the damped Kawahara equation. The effects of the magnetic field, Landau quantization, the ratio of positron density to electron density, the ratio of positron density to ion density, and the direction cosine on linear dispersion laws as well as soliton and conoidal solutions of the damped Kawahara equation are explored. The un.erstanding from this research can contribute to the broader field of astrophysics and aid in the in.erpretation of observational data from white dwarfs.

关键词： Coriolis force Kawahara equation Landau quantization magnetoplasmas quantum plasma solitary and cnoidal waves

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Transition from oceanic subduction to continental collision:Insights from volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks of the Tannuola terrane(northern Central Asian Orogenic Belt)

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Geoscien.e Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 41-60页

作者： e.V.Vetrov n.I.Vetrova V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS Koptyuga ave.3NovosibirskRussia

Magmatism associated with oceanic subduction plays a dominant role in crustal growth during the earth's *** Tannuola terrane,situated in the northern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB),is a key area to un.erstanding oceanic subduction and initial collision processes in the northern *** order to in.estigate the switch from subduction to collision settings,detailed field mapping,zircon SHRIMP U-Pb geochronological and whole-rock geochemical studies of volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks from the Tannuola terrane were carried *** U-Pb ages indicate multi-stage volcanism lasted at least 30 Ma from~540 to~510 Ma,that can be divided into three events:the late ediacaran(before~540 Ma),the early Cambrian(~520 Ma)and the middle Cambrian(~510 Ma).These ages are in.er-preted to the initial,main and final stages of oceanic subduction during the late Proterozoic-early *** the late ediacaran,tholeiitic basalts with highεnd(t)values(from+7.4 to+8.5)were *** forming by the 10%-30%partial melting of spinel-garnet mantle source during slab *** the early Cambrian,transitional from tholeiitic to calc-alkaline basaltic rocks withεnd(t)value(+5.6)and coeval in.ermediate-felsic volcanic rocks with similarεnd(t)values(+5.9 and+6.5)*** early Cambrian basaltic rocks are in.erpreted to be derived by 10%-30%partial melt-ing of a depleted mantle source metasomatized by slab-derived fluids released from the subducting ocea-nic *** middle Cambrian calcalkaline basaltic rocks withεnd(t)value of+6.2 might be emplaced as a result of low(5%-10%)degree partial melting of a metasomatized mantle followed by fractional crys-tallization of clinopyroxene and *** in.ermediate-felsic volcanic rocks withεnd(t)values from+6.0 to+6.8 were formed through fractionation of the juvenile neoproterozoic *** middle Cambrian volcanism is in.erpreted to be triggered by the slab break-off during the transition to a collisional se

关键词： Island-arc magmatism ediacaran Cambrian zircon U-Pb dating nd isotopes Central asian orogenic belt

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Wettability adjustment to enhan.e mass transfer for heterogeneous electrocatalysis and photocatalysis

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eScien.e 2024年第1期4卷 57-78页

作者： Ang Li Peng Zhang erjun kan Jinlong Gong MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing Department of Applied PhysicsNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Joint School of national University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China

This review describes recent advan.es in wettability adjustment to improve the main green.energy con.ersion and storage systems,i.e.,photocatalysis and *** both are redox reactions involving electron behavior,they follow a similar pattern in the surface reaction step,which is related to wettability ***,we consider photocatalysis and electrocatalysis together in terms of mass transfer adjustment based on commonalities,aiming to un.erstand the fundamentals more deeply and bring greater mutual inspiration to photocatalysis and *** theoretical basis is first laid out,and then various strategies are ***,according to the different requirements of mass transfer,we classify the photocatalytic and electrocatalytic reactions into gas consumption reactions preferring hydrophobic surfaces,and gas evolution reactions preferring hydrophilic *** degradation reactions involving different water-soluble substrates are also ***,we introduce the specific optimization.effect of wettability regulation on the reaction,and the mechanism behind the *** comprehensive and insightful review will provide a strategic guide to the reasonable design and development of wettability-optimized photocatalytic and electrocatalytic systems.

关键词： Wettability electrodes Photocatalysis electrocatalysis

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new trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroin.estinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： efstathios T Pavlidis Ioannis n Galanis Theodoros e Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeutic Department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(GB)carcinoma,although relatively rare,is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma with aggressiveness and poor *** is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing large(>3 cm)gallstones in up to 90%of *** other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes,GB wall calcification(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcifications,and GB polyps≥1 cm in *** is made by ultrasound,computed tomography(CT),and,more precisely,magnetic resonan.e imaging(MRI).Preoperative staging is of great importan.e in decisionmaking regarding therapeutic *** staging is based on MRI findings,the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging,enhan.ed three-phase CT angiography,or magnetic resonan.e angiography for major vessel *** is also necessary to use positron.emission tomography(PeT)-CT or ^(18)F-FDG PeT-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits with active metabolic *** laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherwise found in 20%-28.6%of *** treatment is n.eded,including surgical resection,targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and *** is of great importan.e to un.erstand the updated guidelines and current treatment *** extent of surgical in.ervention depends on the disease stage,ranging from simple cholecystectomy(T1a)to exten.ed resections and including exten.ed cholecystectomy(T1b),with wide lymph node resection in.every case or IV-V segmen.ectomy(T2),hepatic trisegmen.ectomy or major hepatectomy accompan.ed by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y,and adjacent organ resection if necessary(T3).Laparoscopic or robotic surgery shows fewer postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery,but much attention must be paid to avoiding *** addition to surgery,novel targe

关键词： Biliary tract neoplasms extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases Biliary tree diseases Gastroin.estinal malignancies

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