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Estimation of the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources Using a Deterministic Distributed Hydrological Model in Cote d’Ivoire:Case of the Aghien Lagoon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第7期7卷 74-91页

作者： Wa Kouakou Charles N’Dri Séverin Pistre jean Patrice Jourda kan jean kouamé Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Water and Environment Felix Houphouet-Boigny University of Cocody-AbidjanAbidjanCote d’Ivoire IRD CNRSHSMUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance

This work aims to evaluate the impact of climate change on the quantitative availability of the Aghien lagoon located in the north of the Abidjan district in Côte d’Ivoire. In the first step, the semi-distributed SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) based physical model (Arnold et al., 1998) was calibrated and validated at the monthly time step over the period 1960-1981, in the Me watershed for which data from flow rates are available. SWAT was then applied on the watershed of the lagoon of Aghien which is ungauged but for which the challenges are considerable for the drinking water supply of the Abidjanese population. In the second step, the gross outputs (precipitation, temperatures) of six climate models of the CORDEX-Africa project under the “Representative Concentration Pathways” (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) scenarios were corrected using the delta method. These corrected outputs were used at the SWAT model input to project the impact of climate change on the flow of the Aghien lagoon to horizons 2040 (2035-2056), 2060 (2057-2078) and 2080 (2079-2100). The projections made on these different horizons were compared with the simulated flow over the period 1960-1981. The results show a sensible decrease in the annual flow of the Aghien lagoon compared to the reference period (1960-1981). Under the medium assumption (RCP 4.5), the models predict a decrease in the annual discharge almost 10% on average. Under the pessimistic hypothesis (RCP 8.5), the average annual discharge should decrease by more than 17%. On a monthly basis, flows in August and September would increase by more than 80% and those in October and November would increase by more than 20% in both RCP scenarios.

关键词： Abidjan Climate Change Cote d’Ivoire Aghien Lagoon SWAT

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Potential Impact of Climate Change on the Sediment Fluxes of a Watershed in West Africa: Cas of the Aghien Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 18-30页

作者： Wa Kouakou Charles N’dri Séverin Pistre kan jean kouamé jean Patrice Jourda Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Water and Environment Felix Houphouet-Boigny University of Cocody-Abidjan Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory HSM IRD CNRS University of Montpellier Montpellier France

The semi-distributed SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) model was used in this study to model the sediment yield in the watershed of the Aghien lagoon with an area of 365 km2, located in the north of the district of Abidjan (South-East from C?te d’Ivoire). A sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, as well as calibration of the SWAT model, was conducted using the Sequential Uncertainty Adjustment Procedure (SUFI-2) which is one of the programs interfaced with SWAT in the SWAT-Cup package (SWAT-Calibration-Uncertainty Programs). Five parameters of the SWAT model were found to be more sensitive to sediment fluxes. These have been modified (calibration) sparingly in order to improve the reproduction of observed sediments data. Two measures were used to assess the uncertainty analysis of the model: P-factor and R-factor. The R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) coefficients of determination were used to assess the quality of the calibration. The P-factor obtained is 0.58 and the R-factor is 2.28. The NS and R2 coefficients in calibration over the period from June 2014 to January 2015 are 0.51 and 0.86 respectively. These values indicate correct consideration of uncertainties by the model and satisfactory calibration of the SWAT model for solid fluxes. Then, the model was used to simulate the sediment fluxes at the horizons 2040 (2035-2056), 2060 (2057-2078) and 2080 (2079-2100) in order to assess the impact of climate

关键词： Abidjan Aghien Calibration Climate Change Côte d’Ivoire Sediment SUFI-2 SWAT

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Modelling Freshwater Availability Using SWAT Model at a Catchment-Scale in Ivory Coast

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第13期5卷 70-83页

作者： Kouao Armand Anoh Tanoh jean Jacques Koua Sampah Georges Eblin kan jean kouamé jean Patrice Jourda Environment Department Jean Lorougnon Guede University Daloa Ivory Coast Hydrogeology Department Felix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University of Abidjan Abidjan Ivory Coast

Sustainable management of Ivory Coast’s freshwater reserve at a catchment scale is an essential way in the policies of land use sustainable management. Thus, the implementation of physical conceptual semi-distributed SWAT model required a good knowledge of the watershed and a large number of physic-chemical data available that have been prior adapted to Ivory Coast’s climatic and soil conditions. The whole simulation span was divided into calibration set (1982-1986) and validation set (1987-1990). The SUFI-2 algorithm was used for parameters optimization. The sensitivity analysis focused on 8 parameters related to runoff, soil, evaporation, main channel and groundwater. The performance criteria were based on the P-factor, R-factor and the two objective functions which are Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient and the coefficient of determination. Although Taabo river basin like African basins suffers from a significant lack of data, the objective functions showed the robustness of the model to climate variability. The calibration launched during a wet period gave objective functions higher than 0.7 while validation performed in less humid period gave performance criteria around 0.6. During the simulation period, Taabo river basin daily green water ranged from 0.044 to 50.257 mm/day with a total average of 3,090.9 mm per year. As for blue water, it is ranged from 0.032 to 0.552 mm/day with an annual total average of 29.19 mm.

关键词： SWAT SUFI2 Taabo River Basin Blue Water Green Water

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Contribution of the Sensitivity Analysis in Groundwater Vulnerability Assessing Using the DRASTIC Method: Application to Groundwater in Dabou Region (Southern of Côte d’Ivoire)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第1期7卷 129-143页

作者： Jacques Édoukou Djémin jean kan kouamé Kouakou Serge Deh Amani Tawa Abinan jean Patrice Jourda Department of Sciences and Water Technology and Environment Engineering (Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Spatial Analysis Applied to Hydrogeology) Félix Houphou&#235 t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

The groundwater constitutes the main source of drinking water for the populations in the Dabou region which is marked by a multiplication of socio-economic activities. The quality of groundwater is increasingly tested by diverse sources of pollution caused by these human activities. In order to preserve their quality against any form of contamination, the present study aims to assess the groundwater vulnerability in this region and to highlight the relative importance of hydrogeological parameters which will be taken into account in this assessment. The assessment of the intrinsic vulnerability is to identify the most sensitive zones in order to prevent the groundwater pollution risks on the surface of the ground. To do it, the DRASTIC method is applied through a GIS. The GIS has also used to perform sensitivity analysis through the map removal and the single-parameter sensitivity analysis tests. The indexes calculated for the DRASTIC vulnerability map vary from 95 to 187 of the North towards the South. This vulnerability map presents four classes: very high (26.22%) in the South and the East, high (37.71%) in the Center, the North-East and the North-West, moderate (34.73%) to the North and the West and low (1.34%) in the North. The DRASTIC vulnerability map is heavily influenced by the impact of vadose zone and the depth to water table according to the first test. For the second test, it is the impact of vadose zone, the aquifer media and the soil media which have a more significant impact on the vulnerability map. Both sensitivity analysis tests confirm that the impact of vadose zone therefore sediment type is more implied in this assessment of the groundwater vulnerability in the Dabou region.

关键词： Pollution Groundwater Vulnerability DRASTIC Sensitivity Analysis

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Hydrochemical Characterization of Groundwater in the Sub-Prefecture of Kokumbo (Ivory Coast)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第6期11卷 169-183页

作者： Armel Kouadio Koblan Affoué Bénédicte Koffi Aminata Diomandé Deh Serges Kouakou kan jean kouamé jean Patrice Jourda Laboratory of Soil Water and Geomaterials Sciences (LSEG) U.F.R. Earth Sciences and Mining Resources (STRM) University of Felix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan Ivory Coast University Center for Research and Application in Remote Sensing (CURAT) University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan Ivory Coast

In the Kokumbo sub-prefecture, groundwater extraction related to gold panning remains a major concern, not to mention the deterioration of its quality. Among the work carried out on water resources, no scientific interest has been shown in groundwater to characterise it. The objective of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of its physico-chemical quality. In situ measurements and physico-chemical analyses using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) were carried out on five (5) human-powered pump (HPP) water samples and six (6) well water samples collected during low and high water seasons. The results show that the physico-chemical quality of the water, which is sometimes turbid, is satisfactory in terms of the mineralization of the borehole and well water, and the pH of the boreholes, while the temperatures of the two waters and the pH of the wells do not comply with WHO standards. The levels of major ions are recommended for consumption. The waters are classified as predominantly bicarbonate-calcium and magnesium (73%) in the dry season and in the flood season, with an equal split between bicarbonate-calcium and magnesium (45.5%) and chloride-calcium and magnesium (45.5%). The elimination of materials responsible for the turbidity of certain waters by managers or populations is essential for drinking water use. The risk linked to this element means that these turbid waters are not recommended for drinking water.

关键词： Groundwater Physico-Chemical Parameter Hydrochemical Facies Kokumbo

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Effects of taxation on social innovation and implications for achieving sustainable development goals in developing countries: A literature review

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2022年第4期6卷 259-275页

作者： jean C.kouam Simplice A.Asongu Nkafu Policy Institute Opposite College Jesus-MarieSimbockP.O.Box:6402YaoundeCameroon School of Economics University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2092South Africa

In developing countries,taxation is perceived as a brake on economic ***,taxes in most of these countries are not sufficiently adapted to the specificity of the taxpayer and often do not consider the weak administrative capacity of the countries in the *** this context,reforms have been initiated over the last decade to create tax environments that encourage savings,investment,entrepreneurship,and social *** study provides an overview of research on the effects of taxation on social innovation and the corresponding implications for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)in developing countries,taking three approaches:thematic,chronological,and *** studies agree that high taxes in business undermine social innovation and thus the achievement of SDGs,as social innovation is known to be a driver of most SDGs and business the *** majority of the selected studies used primary data collected from samples whose representativeness with respect to the population concerned(notably businesses)is still not explicitly justified.

关键词： Social innovation SDGs Developing countries

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Perimeters of Protection Demarcation for New Boreholes of Bonoua Aquifer (Southeastern, Côte d’Ivoire) through Hydrogeological Modeling

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第11期5卷 118-138页

作者： kouamé kan jean Aké Gabriel Etienne Koblan Armel Kouadio Djé Kouakou Bernard Jourda jean Patrice Water and Environment Sciences and Technical Laboratory (LSTEE) UFR of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Climatology and Meteorological Applications National Meteorological Direction Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Located in the southeastern of Côte d’Ivoire, Bonoua aquifer contains an enormous groundwater potential. The new boreholes have been realized in this region to support the water supply of the populations. Moreover, in this region, agriculture is the main activity, whose pesticides used to guarantee the productivity, constitute a threat for groundwater. Thus, this study was undertaken in order to design a hydrogeological model able to simulate the piezometry of the Bonoua aquifer and determine the perimeters of protection for the new boreholes. The model, carried out under the Visual Modflow interface, was designed in steady-state mode and calibrated manually from the piezometry of the year 2000. The value of the standardized root mean squared residual of 4.86% (<10%) allows to say that the calibration obtained is considered satisfactory. Also, the correlation coefficient between observed and simulated heads of 0.95 permits to confirm a good calibration of the model. Perimeters of protection values were determined by simulating the paths of the virtual particles of water from the calibrated model. The simulations show that generally, the groundwater of Bonoua aquifer flows from north to south and the piezometric levels obtained vary between 65 m in the north and 5 m in the south. Upstream radius of the closed perimeters of protection calculated from the model varies from 172 to 482 m. However, those of distant perimeters of protection vary from 2877 to 6441 m.

关键词： Boreholes Hydrogeological Modeling Perimeters of Protection Visual Modflow Bonoua Aquifer

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Microbiological and chemical hazards of commercial attieke (a fermented cassava product) produced in the south of Côte d’Ivoire

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Food Quality and Safety 2019年第3期3卷 187-190页

作者： kouamé Kohi Alfred Bouatenin Koffi Maizan jean Pau Djeni N’Dede Théodore Dje Koffi Marcellin Department of Food Sciences and Technology Laboratory of Biotechnology and food MicrobiologyUniversity of Nangui AbrogouaAbidjanCôte d’Ivoire Food Security Research Group Centre Suisse de Recherche ScientifiqueAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

Objectives:Information on the distribution and presence of microbiology and chemical hazard of commercial attieke(a fermented cassava product)produced in the south of Côte d’Ivoire were *** and Methods:Microbiological analyses and chemical were carried out,which included the total viable bacteria,Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella and Bacillus spores,heavy metal(pb,Cd,Mn,Fe,Cu,and Cr).Results and Conclusions:The results revealed that the viable bacteria counts ranged from in all of *** aureus counts in the samples were comprised between(1.8±0.4)10^(2)(Jacqueville localitie)and(4.3±1.8)10^(3)(Abidjan localitie).While that of Bacillus cereus was ranged from(1.1±0.9)10^(2)(Adzopélocalitie)and(5.1±3.2)10^(2)(Abidjan localitie).Salmonella *** not *** levels of Pb in all samples were between 2.2±0.1 mg/kg(Grand-lahou localitie)and 4.5 mg/kg±0.15(Abidjan localitie)while the Cd levels of the samples varied between 0.02±0.1 mg/kg(Adzopélocalitie)and 0.07±0.1 mg/kg(Divo localitie).The levels of Cr in the samples were comprised between 0.1±0.03 mg/kg(Adzopélocalitie)and 0.95±0.1 mg/kg(Abidjan localitie)while Fe(7.3±1.5 mg/kg)and Cu(1.7±0.2 mg/kg)levels were the highest,respectively in Sikensi and Grand-Lahou *** from Divo localitie contained high amounts of Mn(1.6±0.1 mg/kg).The occurrence of some microbiological and chemical hazard that commercial attieke collected in Cote d’Ivoire may act as a reservoir of pathogenic micro-organisms and heavy metal for human.

关键词： attieke heavy metal microbiogical and chemical hazard

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Team experience of nasopharyngeal samples reception,decontamination,and sorting during the COVID-19 pandemic(2020)at Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第2期3卷 120-124页

作者： kouaméInnocent Kolia KipréBertin Guédé kan Stéphane Kouassi Koby Albert Obro Kpadraux Danielle Odegue Sylvie Mireil Sina-kouaméle Banga Victor Yepri Mireille Dosso Molecular Biology Platform/Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire Central Laboratory/University Hospital Center of Yopougon(Côte d’Ivoire)Cote d’Ivoire Bacteriology and Virology Department National Reference Center for Antibiotics/Institut Pasteur Côte d’IvoireCôte d’Ivoire Molecular Biology Platform/Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire Cell Biology Unit/Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire Transport and packaging unit/Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire

Molecular testing sensitivity,which allows for early diagnosis of the 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19),could be affected by sample quality,storage,and transportation timeframe to the laboratory,along with bias related to the pre-analytic *** present study reports the selection and decontamination of nasopharyngeal samples during COVID-19 management at the Institut Pasteur Côte d’*** objective of this work was to organize sample reception management and report a complete picture of sample selection and decontamination in the context of diagnosis activity *** administrative note creating the selection and decontamination unit of nasopharyngeal samples initiated activities in May *** required human resources and necessary materials were identified and put in *** activity consisted of receiving,sorting,decontaminating,and sending nasopharyngeal samples to different diagnostic *** were recorded *** a six-month period of activities,from a total amount of 11,401 containers received and decontaminated,174,085 samples were selected.A proportion of 92.0%of these specimens met the diagnostic standards,while 7.0%that were found acceptable showed minor ***,a rate of 1.0%of samples with major abnormalities could not be used for COVID-19 testing and,therefore,were ***,the non-conformity rate was reduced by 2.4%after the first term *** and decontamination of nasopharyngeal samples are crucial steps in biosafety optimization for the technical staff and quality improvement of sample care.

关键词： Sorting and decontamination Nasopharyngeal sample COVID-19 Côte d’Ivoire

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Follow Up of Hypertensive Patients at Regional Hospital of Bafoussam, West Cameroon: Biochemical Profiles in Naive and Hypotensive Drug Treated Patients

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2020年第9期10卷 167-185页

作者： Vanessa Linda Nzesseu Charles kouam kouam jean-de-Dieu Tamokou Jules-Roger Kuiate Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine Bafoussam Regional Hospital Bafoussam Cameroon

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the effects of antihypertensive therapies on certain metabolic parameters in hypertensive patients. Methods: A cross-sectional and analytical study conducted within the Bafoussam Re-gional Hospital on 343 patients including 99 normotensives and 244 hyperten-sives distributed in 71 patients naive to treatment and 173 patients under treatment (84 under monotherapy, 67 under bitherapy and 21 under trithera-py). The antihypertensive medications were recorded from the medical records. A questionnaire survey was administered to study participants and potential risk factors for hypertension sought. Blood and urine samples were collected for lipid, renal and hepatic disorder analysis. Two blood pressure measure-ments enabled us to diagnose hypertensive patients. Measurements of bio-chemical parameters such as total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), potassium, chloride and calcium were done in serum by methods resulting from commercial kits. Results: Cal-cium Channel Blockers were significantly associated with increases in blood potassium (odd-ratios (OR) = 8.63, p = 0.036) and sodium (OR = 0.20, p = 0.037). Angiotensin-converting enzyme/Angiotensin II receptor blockers were significantly associated with an increase in plasma activity of ASAT (OR = 0.12, p = 0.03) whereas Diuretics were significantly associated with an increase in ALAT plasma activity (OR = 0.003, p = 0.012). Dual therapies were associ-ated with highest frequencies of hypercreatininemia (41.8%) and hyperglyce-mia (44.8%) whereas hypocholesterolemia HDL (38.1%) was most observed in hypertensive patients on triple therapy. The different therapies resulted in very low frequencies of abnormal liver profiles (in general almost all below 10%). Tritherapy h

关键词： Antihypertensives Therapy Metabolic Abnormalities

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