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Data processing of the Kuiyang-ST2000 deep-towed high-resolution multichannel seismic system and application to South China Sea data

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 644-659页

作者： Yanliang PEI Mingming WEN Zhengrong WEI Baohua LIU Kai LIU guangming kan Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 511458China College of Ocean Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237Chin

The Kuiyang-ST2000 deep-towed high-resolution multichannel seismic system was designed by the First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources(FIO,MNR).The system is mainly composed of a plasma spark source(source level:216 dB,main frequency:750 Hz,frequency bandwidth:150-1200 Hz)and a towed hydrophone streamer with 48 *** the source and the towed hydrophone streamer are constantly moving according to the towing configuration,the accurate positioning of the towing hydrophone array and the moveout correction of deep-towed multichannel seismic data processing before imaging are ***,according to the characteristics of the system and the towing streamer shape in deep water,travel-time positioning method was used to construct the hydrophone streamer shape,and the results were corrected by using the polynomial curve fitting ***,a new data-processing workflow for Kuiyang-ST2000 system data was introduced,mainly including float datum setting,residual static correction,phase-based moveout correction,which allows the imaging algorithms of conventional marine seismic data processing to extend to deep-towed seismic *** successfully applied the Kuiyang-ST2000 system and methodology of data processing to a gas hydrate survey of the Qiongdongnan and Shenhu areas in the South China Sea,and the results show that the profile has very high vertical and lateral resolutions(0.5 m and 8 m,respectively),which can provide full and accurate details of gas hydrate-related and geohazard sedimentary and structural features in the South China Sea.

关键词： Kuiyang-ST2000 system deep-towed system seismic data process plasma spark source high resolution gas hydrate South China Sea

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海底环境模拟三轴加压系统的设计与分析

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机床与液压 2024年第13期52卷 116-121页

作者：聂忠邹大鹏黄俊鹏阚光明吴磊张佳南龙建军广东工业大学机电工程学院广东广州510006 广东工业大学广东省计算机集成制造重点实验室广东广州510006 自然资源部第一海洋研究所海洋地质与成矿作用重点实验室山东青岛266061

为实现海底沉积物在原位环境的模拟测量,设计海底环境模拟三轴加压系统。通过围压、反压、轴压3个加压单元,组合实现模拟海底沉积物所受的水深压力和埋深压力。建立液压加压单元的数学模型,通过水介质的割线体积弹性模量方程得出不同条... 详细信息

为实现海底沉积物在原位环境的模拟测量,设计海底环境模拟三轴加压系统。通过围压、反压、轴压3个加压单元,组合实现模拟海底沉积物所受的水深压力和埋深压力。建立液压加压单元的数学模型,通过水介质的割线体积弹性模量方程得出不同条件下水的体积弹性模量,研究不同温度、压力和海水盐度对加压系统加压性能的影响。经过分析与测试得出:每1℃温度变化、每1 MPa压力变化、每1‰盐度变化对加压系统加压效果的影响分别为0.36%、0.14%、0.21%;通过模拟环境波动引发水的体积弹性模量变化,导致测试仓产生0.6 MPa压力扰动变化,系统自动恢复稳定状态的调节时间不超过5 s。实验表明系统的超调量小于0.05 MPa,1~10 MPa的保压10 min内测试压力波动不超过±0.005 MPa。系统的压力控制特性和抗干扰性好,满足测量要求。

关键词：三轴加压系统海底沉积物深海环境体积弹性模量超调量

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Shear Wave Speed Dispersion Characteristics of Seafloor Sediments in the Northern South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第1期21卷 91-100页

作者： kan guangming MENG Xiangmei WANG Jingqiang CAO Guolin LI Guanbao LIU Baohua ZHI Pengyao Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Marine Geology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(QingdaoQingdao 266237China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

To accurately characterize the shear wave speed dispersion of seafloor sediments in the northern South China Sea,five types of sediments including silty clay,clayey silt,sandy silt,silty sand,and clayey sand were selected,on which the measurements of the shear wave speed at 0.5-2.0 kHz and related physical properties were *** reveal that the shear wave speed of sediments increases as the frequency increases,and the dispersion enhanced in the sediments in the order of silty clay,clayey silt,sandy silt,silty sand,and clayey sand,at a linear change rate of 0.727,0.787,3.32,4.893,and 6.967 m s−1 kHz−1,*** regression analysis,linear and logarithmic regression equations for the correlation between shear wave speed and frequency were established for each sediment type and the determination coefficients of regression equations indicate that the correlation is closer to a logarithmic *** Grain-Shearing(GS)and Biot-Stoll models were used to calculate the shear wave speed dispersion of the five sediment types,and the comparison between theoretical prediction and measured results of shear wave speeds shows that the GS model can more accurately describe the shear wave speed dispersion characteristics of these sediments in the frequency band of 0.5-2.0 *** the same band,the predictions obtained by using the Biot-Stoll model are significantly different from the measured data.

关键词： shear wave speed dispersion seafloor sediments Biot-Stoll model Grain-Shearing model South China Sea

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中国近海主要表层沉积物类型的原位声学特性

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哈尔滨工程大学学报 2024年第1期45卷 189-197页

作者：李官保王景强孟祥梅阚光明刘保华自然资源部第一海洋研究所海洋地质与成矿作用部重点实验室山东青岛266061 崂山实验室山东青岛266237 国家深海基地管理中心山东青岛266237

海底表层沉积物的声学特性对于海洋声传播和声探测有重要影响。不同类型的海底沉积物表现出不同的声学特性。针对海洋声学研究对海底声学特性参数快速获取的需求,本文利用近年来获得的100个站位的声学特性原位测量和沉积物样品测试数据... 详细信息

海底表层沉积物的声学特性对于海洋声传播和声探测有重要影响。不同类型的海底沉积物表现出不同的声学特性。针对海洋声学研究对海底声学特性参数快速获取的需求,本文利用近年来获得的100个站位的声学特性原位测量和沉积物样品测试数据,统计了中国近海8种典型沉积类型的声速、声衰减系数等声学特性和平均粒径、密度等物理性质。通过与已有测量数据和统计结果的对比显示,其与多种原位测量系统获得的数据有很好的一致性,但Hamilton统计的声速比、声衰减因子等参数则显著偏高。基于VGS理论的频散模型计算结果表明:Hamilton统计结果的偏高并非完全由其较高的测量频率引起。对于缺少直接测量数据的海域,本文的统计结果提供了一种基于沉积物类型进行海底声学特性初步估计的方案。

关键词：沉积类型声速声衰减频散原位测量密度孔隙度中国近海

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Sound velocity and related properties of seafloor sediments in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第5期34卷 75-80页

作者： MENG Xiangmei LI Guanbao HAN Guozhong kan guangming First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology State Oceanic Administration

The Bering Sea shelf and Chukchi Sea shelf are believed to hold enormous oil and gas reserves which have attracted a lot of geophysical surveys. For the interpretation of acoustic geophysical survey results, sediment sound velocity is one of the main parameters. On seven sediment cores collected from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition, sound velocity measurements were made at 35, 50, 100, 135, 150, 174, 200, and 250 kHz using eight separate pairs of ultrasonic transducers. The measured sound velocities range from 1 425.1 m/s to 1 606.4 m/s and are dispersive with the degrees of dispersion from 2.2% to 4.0% over a frequency range of 35-250 kHz. After the sound velocity measurements, the measurements of selected geotechnical properties and the Scanning Electron Microscopic observation of microstructure were also made on the sediment cores. The results show that the seafioor sediments are composed of silty sand, sandy silt, coarse silt, clayey silt, sand-silt-clay and silty clay. Aggregate and diatom debris is found in the seafloor sediments. Through comparative analysis of microphotographs and geotechnical properties, it is assumed that the large pore spaces between aggregates and the intraparticulate porosity of diatom debris increase the porosity of the seafioor sediments, and affect other geotechnical properties. The correlation analysis of sound velocity and geotechnical properties shows that the correlation of sound velocity with porosity and wet bulk density is extreme significant, while the correlation of sound velocity with clay content, mean grain size and organic content is not significant. The regression equations between porosity, wet bulk density and sound velocity based on best-fit polynomial are given.

关键词： Bering Sea Chukchi Sea sound velocity geotechnical properties microstructure

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Empirical Equations of P-Wave Velocity in the Shallow and Semi-Deep Sea Sediments from the South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2021年第3期20卷 532-538页

作者： LI Guanbao HOU Zhengyu WANG Jingqiang kan guangming LIU Baohua Key Laboratory of Seafloor Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyInnovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Operational Oceanography Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 511458China State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China National Deep Sea Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266237China

Three-hundred and thirty-one sediment cores,including six sediment types(clayey-and sandy-silt,silty-and sandy-clay,clayey-and silty-sand)were collected from the shallow and semi-deep seas of the South China Sea,and the P-wave velocities and physical properties of core sediments were measured under standard laboratory *** eliminate the influence of environ-mental factors,the empirical sound speed ratio equations were *** with several equations from literature,the po-rosity and wet bulk density empirical equations established in this paper agree well with Richardson and Briggs(2004)’s in-situ equations,which implies that our empirical equations can be used in the similar region of world’s oceans under certain conditions and will be useful in areas lacking first-hand P-wave speed ***,the mean grain size equations established in this study,similar to the previous studies,have low accuracy,which may be due to the different particle arrangements and degrees of compac-tion in *** results also show that for different sediment types,the equation based on all sediment data is in good agree-ment with the measured data in the study area,as there are both siliciclastic and carbonate sediments on the studied *** is sug-gested that appropriate empirical equations should be selected according to sediment types and sedimentary environment in future works,and the empirical equation of porosity or the two-parameter equation of porosity and grain size should be preferred.

关键词： seafloor sediment geo-acoustic property sound speed empirical equation South China Sea

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Influence of Environmental Conditions on the Sound Velocity Ratio of Seafloor Surficial Sediment

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2021年第3期20卷 573-580页

作者： ZOU Dapeng ZENG Ziwen kan guangming LIU Wei XIAO Tibing State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

In this work,we investigated the influences of salinity,temperature,and hydrostatic pressure on the acoustics of seafloor surficial sediment by theoretically and experimentally analyzing the sound velocity ratio of the seafloor sediment to the bottom sea-water in typical environmental ***-and pressure-controlled experiments were conducted to examine the charac-teristics of the sound velocity ratio,the results of which agree with the theoretical analysis using the effective density fluid *** the three environmental factors considered,the sound velocity ratio was found to be sensitive to temperature and pressure but not to salinity,with the sound velocity ratio decreasing with temperature and hydrostatic *** respect to surficial sediments,pore water plays a key role in the sound velocity ratio of sediment influenced by different environmental *** sound velocities of different types of sediments(sandy,silty,and clayey)change similarly with temperature,but change slightly differently with hydro-static *** influence of environmental factors on the sound velocity ratio of seafloor sediment is independent of the detec-tion *** results show that the sound velocity ratio can change up to 0.0008 per℃ when the temperature ranges from 2℃ to 25℃ and up to 0.00064MPa−1 when the seawater depth pressure ranges from 0MPa to 40MPa.

关键词： sound velocity ratio environmental factors seafloor sediment geoacoustics

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A backscattering model for a stratified seafloor

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第7期36卷 56-65页

作者： YU Shengqi LIU Baohua YU Kaiben YANG Zhiguo kan guangming National Deep Sea Center State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266237China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology The First Institute of OceanographyQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

In order to predict the bottom backscattering strength more accurately, the stratified structure of the seafloor is considered. The seafloor is viewed as an elastic half-space basement covered by a fluid sediment layer with finite thickness. On the basis of calculating acoustic field in the water, the sediment layer, and the basement, four kinds of scattering mechanisms are taken into account, including roughness scattering from the water-sediment interface, volume scattering from the sediment layer, roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface,and volume scattering from the basement. Then a backscattering model for a stratified seafloor applying to low frequency（0.1-10 kHz） is established. The simulation results show that the roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface and the volume scattering from the basement are more prominent at relative low frequency（below 1.0 kHz）. While with the increase of the frequency, the contribution of them to total bottom scattering gradually becomes weak. And the results ultimately approach to the predictions of the high-frequency（10-100 kHz） bottom scattering model. When the sound speed and attenuation of the shear wave in the basement gradually decrease, the prediction of the model tends to that of the full fluid model, which validates the backscattering model for the stratified seafloor in another aspect.

关键词： bottom backscattering model stratified seafloor sediment basement

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Joint elastic-electrical properties of sediments in the Yellow Sea

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第1期55卷 143-148页

作者： HAN TongCheng LIU BaoHua kan guangming MENG XiangMei DING ZhongJun The First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266061China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266061China

We measured in the laboratory compressional wave velocity and electrical resistivity on 434 sediment samples collected from the Yellow Sea to study the joint elastic-electrical properties of marine sediments. Porosity was found to reduce both elastic velocity and electrical resistivity of the marine sediments in a non-linear fashion; velocity showed an approximate linear increase with increasing logarithm of resistivity. Various effective medium models either implemented or developed were compared with the new dataset. The model results showed that the combined self-consistent approximation and differential effective medium model using critical porosity of 0.6 and 0.5 for velocity and resistivity respectively gave a reasonable description of the joint elastic-electrical behaviors of the marine sediments. The joint elastic-electrical properties of the marine sediments established would be used to estimate resistivity from measured velocity and vice versa, and could also be suitable for detection of gas hydrate or other suitable targets from joint seismic-resistivity surveys.

关键词：海洋沉积物电气性能弹性黄海电阻率测量有效介质模型纵波速度天然气水合物

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Sea-surface acoustic backscattering measurement at 6–25 kHz in the Yellow Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第3期39卷 113-122页

作者： Lehua Qi guangming kan Baohua Liu Yanliang Pei Zhiguo Yang Shengqi Yu College of Marine Geo-sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Geology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China National Deep Sea Center State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266237China

Sea-surface acoustic backscattering measurements at moderate to high frequencies were performed in the shallow water of the south Yellow Sea, using omnidirectional spherical sources and omnidirectional hydrophones. Sea-surface backscattering data for frequencies in the 6–25 k Hz range and wind speeds of(3.0±0.5)and(4.5±1.0) m/s were obtained from two adjacent experimental sites, respectively. Computation of sea-surface backscattering strength using bistatic transducer is described. Finally, we calculated sea-surface backscattering strengths at grazing angles in the range of 16°–85°. We find that the measured backscattering strengths agree reasonably well with those predicted by using second order small-roughness perturbation approximation method with "PM" roughness spectrum for all frequencies at grazing angles ranged from 40° to 80°. The backscattering strengths varied slightly at grazing angles of 16°–40°, and were much stronger than roughness scattering. It is speculated that scattering from bubbles dominates the backscattering strengths at high wind speeds and small grazing angles. At the same frequencies and moderate to high grazing angles, the results show that the backscattering strengths at a wind speed of(4.5±1.0) m/s were approximately 5 d B higher than those at a wind speed of(3.0±0.5) m/s. However, the discrepancies of backscattering strength at low grazing angles were more than 10 d B. Furthermore the backscattering strengths exhibited no significant frequency dependence at 3 m/s wind speed. At a wind speed of 4.5 m/s, the scattering strengths increased at low grazing angles but decreased at high grazing angles with increasing grazing angle.

关键词： sea-surface acoustic scattering moderate frequency scattering model bistatic backscattering frequency dependence

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