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Mechanically induced Ca^(2+) oscillations in osteocytes release extracellular vesicles and enhance bone formation

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 72-82页

作者： Andrea E.Morrell Genevieve N.Brown Samuel T.Robinson Rachel l.Sattler Andrew D.Baik Gehua Zhen Xu Cao lynda F.Bonewald Weiyang Jin lance C.kam X.Edward Guo Bone Bioengineering laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University Center for Musculoskeletal Research Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health Indiana University School of Medicine Microscale Biocomplexity laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University

The vast osteocytic network is believed to orchestrate bone metabolic activity in response to mechanical stimuli through production of sclerostin, RANKl, and osteoprotegerin(OPG). However, the mechanisms of osteocyte mechanotransduction remain poorly understood. We've previously shown that osteocyte mechanosensitivity is encoded through unique intracellular calcium (Ca^(2+) ) dynamics. Here, by simultaneously monitoring Ca^(2+) and actin dynamics in single cells exposed to fluid shear flow, we detected actin network contractions immediately upon onset of flow-induced Ca^(2+) transients, which were facilitated by smooth muscle myosin and further confirmed in native osteocytes ex vivo. Actomyosin contractions have been linked to the secretion of extracellular vesicles(EVs), and our studies demonstrate that mechanical stimulation upregulates EV production in osteocytes through immunostaining for the secretory vesicle marker lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1(lAMP1) and quantifying EV release in conditioned medium, both of which are blunted when Ca^(2+) signaling was inhibited by neomycin. Axial tibia compression was used to induce anabolic bone formation responses in mice, revealing upregulated lAMP1 and expected downregulation of sclerostin in vivo. This load-related increase in lAMP1 expression was inhibited in neomycin-injected mice compared to ***-computed tomography revealed significant load-related increases in both trabecular bone volume fraction and cortical thickness after two weeks of loading, which were blunted by neomycin treatment. In summary, we found mechanical stimulation of osteocytes activates Ca^(2+) -dependent contractions and enhances the production and release of EVs containing bone regulatory proteins. Further, blocking Ca^(2+) signaling significantly attenuates adaptation to mechanical loading in vivo, suggesting a critical role for Ca^(2+) -mediated signaling in bone adaptation.

关键词： OPG conditioned medium Ca2+-dependent

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients-a national cancer centre experience

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Holistic Integrative Oncology 2023年第1期2卷 160-169页

作者： Sharon S.Poh Boon Fei Tan Fang Yue Yong kam Weng Fong Joseph T.S.Wee Terence W.K.Tan Melvin l.K.Chua Kiattisa Sommat Fu Qiang Wang Yoke lim Soong Division of Radiation Oncology Duke-NUS Graduate Medical SchoolNational Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Oncology Academic Clinical ProgrammeSingaporeSingapore

Purpose or objective The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant healthcare implications,with care for can-cer patients compromised due to resource diversion towards battling the *** aim to investigate the impact of the peak wave of the pandemic in 2020 on the delivery of cancer care in Singapore,specifically via our nasopharyn-geal carcinoma(NPC)treatment *** study applies real world numbers to the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care delivery in *** choice of nasopharyngeal cancer allows a good direct estimate of common treatment measures such as time to biopsy,time to staging scans,time to treatment commencement,due to its clear protocol and algorithms for staging and treatment;thus serving as an excellent surrogate for the effectiveness and timeliness of the different aspects of cancer care *** and methods In this retrospective study,we included all patients with newly diagnosed NPC from 1st January to 31st May from 2017 to 2020 at our *** time period was chosen as it coincided with the period in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic where there was the most strain on healthcare resources and the most restrictions on population movement within Singapore,which may impact on healthcare seeking *** down the time period to the first 5 months of the 4 respective years also allowed us to reduce the effect of annual seasonal variation in patient numbers seen as a result of holidays and festive periods such as the lunar New Year and scheduled school *** medical records(EMR)were *** newly diagnosed NPC cases were included in our *** with second synchronous primary malignancies or NPC disease recurrence were *** analysis was carried out using a combination of SPSS and Microsoft *** Significantly,there was a reduction of 37-46.3%in newly diagnosed NPC cases during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic from January to end May 2020 compared to the preceding t

关键词： COVID-19 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Health services delivery

long-Term Treatment with an Herbal Formula MCC Ameliorates Obesity-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice: A Comparative Study among MCC and Various Combinations of Its Constituents

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Chinese Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 34-46页

作者： Pou Kuan leong Hoi Yan leung Hoi Shan Wong Ji Hang Chen Wing Man Chan Chung Wah Ma Yi Ting Yang kam Ming Ko Division of life Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Infinitus (China) Company ltd. Guangzhou China

Obesity has been found to be associated with increased incidence of various metabolic disorders. Anti-obesity interventions are therefore urgently needed. An earlier study has demonstrated that treatment with an herbal formula MCC, which comprises the fruit of Momordica charantia (MC), the pericarpium of Citri reticulate (CR) and l-carnitine (CA), reduced the weight gain in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term treatment with MCC (6 g/kg/day × 40 doses) and various combinations of its constituents in HFD-fed female ICR mice. Body weight change was monitored during the course of the experiment. Total and differential adiposity, plasma lipid contents, metabolic enzyme activities and mitochondrial coupling efficiency in skeletal muscle were measured. Glucose homeostasis was also assessed. Results showed that HFD increased the body weight, total and differential adiposity, and plasma lipid contents as well as impaired metabolic status in skeletal muscle and glucose homeostasis. MCC and all combinations of its constituents reduced the weight gain in HFD-fed mice, which was accompanied with an improvement on glucose homeostasis. While MC, CA and CR independently suppressed the HFD-induced weight gain in mice, MC seems to be the most effective in weight reduction, all of which correlated with the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle. Only CA and CR, but not MC, significantly reduced the total adiposity and visceral adiposity as well as plasma cholesterol level. However, the two component combinations, MC + CR and MC + CA, decreased the degree of visceral adiposity and plasma cholesterol level, respectively. MCC treatment at 1.5 g/kg (but not a higher dose of 6 g/kg) suppressed visceral adiposity and induced mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice. The finding suggests that MCC may offer a promising prospect for ameliorating the diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in human

关键词： High Fat Diet Obesity Weight Control Momordica Charantia Citri Reticulata l-Carnitine

A Review on Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Euphorbia hirta l.

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 710-726页

作者： Roland Nâg-Tiéro Meda Sami Eric kam Windmi Kagambega Eliasse Zongo Clarisse Ouedraogo Abdoulaye Segda Benjamin Kouliga Koama Franck Téounviel Somda Emmanuel Zongo Georges Anicet Ouedraogo laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales Université Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie INSP/Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Médicine et Pharmacopée Traditionnelle Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Direction Régionale de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Biochimie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourou SANOU Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Euphorbia hirta l. is an annual medicinal herb throughout many tropical continents used to cure various diseases. Several studies have isolated many bioactive compounds from E. hirta. This study aimed at providing a collection of bioactive constituents in E. hirta. This review summarizes the extraction solvent, the structures and the properties of 38 bioactive phytochemicals isolated from E. hirta. It could help to understand the relationship existing between phytochemicals and their activities.

关键词： Euphorbia hirta Phytoconstituents Biological Activities Structures

Ethnobotanical Survey of Appetite Suppressant Plants Used in Hauts-Bassins Areas of Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 1001-1014页

作者： Emmanuel Zongo Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda Yaya Gnanou Yaya Gnanou Sami Eric kam Benjamin Kouliga Koama Pataréyaoba Alassane Ouedraogo Eliasse Zongo Ollo Da Dramane Paré Georges Anicet Ouedraogo laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales Université Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Biochimie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourou SANOU Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Médicine et Pharmacopée Traditionnelle Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Direction Régionale de l’Ouest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (lABIOCA) UFR/SVT University of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study aimed to list the medicinal plants used as an appetite suppressant in Hauts-Bassins areas of Burkina Faso. An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken from September to November 2021 using a semi-structured questionnaire. To determine well-known families and species, some indices such as Family Importance Value (FIV) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) were calculated respectively. Sixty-seven traditional healers (41 men and 26 women) have been interviewed. The age group from 41 to 60 years old was more represented (47.76%). Fifty-eight (58) plant species belonging to 29 families and 53 genera were recorded to have appetite suppressant properties. Fabaceae family (25%) was the most mentioned followed by Combretaceae (12%). The most mentioned species were Guierasenegalensis (7.64%), Parkiabiglobosa (6.18%), Annona senegalensis and Gardenia erubescens (5.35% for both). leaves and fruits had the highest frequencies of use with 41% and 25% respectively. The decoction (49.62%) was the main preparation method. The oral route was the only mode of drug administration. These results would contribute to strengthening the database on the medicinal plants used as an appetite suppressant by the traditional healers in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Ethnobotanical Survey Appetite Suppressant Plants Hauts-Bassins Areas Burkina Faso

基于自组织映射的增材制造中数据驱动式微观组织和显微硬度设计

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Engineering 2019年第4期 295-306页

作者：甘政涛李恒阳 Sarah J.Wolff Jennifer l.Bennett Gregory Hyatt Gregory J.Wagner 曹简 Wing kam.liu Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University DMG MORI Hoffman Estates

为了在镍基高温合金的增材制造(AM)中设计微观组织和显微硬度,本研究提出了一种新的数据驱动方法,该方法结合了物理模型、实验测量和数据挖掘方法。该模拟基于计算热流体动力学(Ct FD)模型,可以获得热行为、凝固参数(如冷却速度)和凝固... 详细信息

为了在镍基高温合金的增材制造(AM)中设计微观组织和显微硬度,本研究提出了一种新的数据驱动方法,该方法结合了物理模型、实验测量和数据挖掘方法。该模拟基于计算热流体动力学(Ct FD)模型,可以获得热行为、凝固参数(如冷却速度)和凝固层的稀释率。根据计算出的热信息,可利用经过充分测试的力学模型估算枝晶臂间距和显微硬度。通过实验测定试样的微观结构和显微硬度,与模拟值进行比较验证。为了实现过程-组织-性能(PSP)关系的可视化,模拟及实验数据集被输入到数据挖掘模型——自组织映射(SOM)中。在多目标下,工艺参数的设计窗口可以从可视化映射中得到。这种被提出的方法可用于AM和其他数据密集型工艺过程。过程、组织和性能之间的数据驱动联系可能会有利于在线过程监控控制,从而获得理想的微观组织和力学性能。

关键词：增材制造数据科学多重物理建模自组织映射微观组织显微硬度镍基高温合金

Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds Content of Extracts from Ceratotheca sesamoides Endl and Striga hermonthica (Delille) Benth Used as Antheminthic in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第11期10卷 203-213页

作者： Dicko Amadou kam Eric Sami Hadidjatou Belem Konaté Almamy Tindano Basile Meda Roland Nâg-Tiéro Ahoua Angora Rémi Constant Koné Mamidou Witabouna Kaboré Adama Traoré Amadou Bayala Balé Tamboura Hamidou Hamadou laboratoire de Biologie et Santé Animale (laBioSA) Centre National de recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales Unité de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et Technique Université Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Physiologie Animale (laPA) Unité de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Botanique et Valorisation de la Diversité Végétale (laBVDIV) Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherche en Cô te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The revaluation of medicinal plants in the veterinary pharmacopoeia is essential for the development of livestock in Burkina Faso. In order to justify the use of C. sesamoides and S. hermonthica in the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitosis of small ruminants, a quantification of phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity and acute toxicité evaluation of both plants were performed. Acute toxicity was evaluated by administering a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of both plants to mice. The highest total polyphenol content for C. sesamo?des was obtained in the ethyl acetate fraction with 47.236 ± 2.57 mgEAG/100mg while that of S. hermonthica was 74.871 ± 2.57 mgEAG/100mg obtained with the n-butanol Fraction. The dichloromethane extract of S. hermonthica obtained the highest total flavonoid content with 7.31 ± 0.48 mgEQ/100 while the highest total flavonoid content of C. sesamo?des was obtained with ethyl acetate fraction with 5.4273 ± 0.35 mgEQ/100mg. The aqueous extract of C. sesamo?des obtained the highest content of condensed tannins with 3.028 ± 0.13 mgEAT/100mg. Both plant’s extracts did not show any signs of toxicity in NMRI mice after administration of the dose of 2000 mg/kg. The antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods was good compared to those of Quercetin and Trolox taken as standard.

关键词： C. sesamoides S. hermonthica Polyphénols Content Flavonoids Content Condensed Tannins Antioxidant Activity

*** acknowledges the financial support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(***/l022559/1,EP/l022559/2,EP/V050311/1,and EP/W004399/1);Royal Society(***130230 and IE161214);H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions(No.790666);*** supported by a PhD Studentship provided by Queen Mary University of london and China Scholarship Council(CSC).

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7432-7452页

作者： lumin Chen Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim Houyong Yu Xiang Chen Dongping Tang Yingzhan li kam Chiu Tam The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Chemical Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Advanced energy and sensor devices with novel applications(e.g.,mobile equipment,electric vehicles,and medical-healthcare systems)are one of the important foundations of modern intelligent ***,there are still some scientific issues that seriously hinder the further development of devices,including unsustainability,high material cost,complex fabrication process,safety issues,and unsatisfactory *** has aroused tremendous attention in recent decades,because of its abundant resources,renewability,degradability,low-cost,and unique physical/chemical *** merits make nanocellulose as matrix materials to fabricate advanced functional composites for use in energy-related fields extremely ***,we comprehensively discuss the recent progress of nanocellulose for emerging energy storage/harvesting and sensor *** preparation methodologies of nanocellulose combined with conductive materials are firstly highlighted,including carbon materials,conductive polymers,metal/metal oxide nanoparticles,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),and covalent organic frameworks(COFs).We then focus on the nanocellulose-based advanced materials for the application in the areas of supercapacitors,lithium-ion batteries,solar cells,triboelectric nanogenerators,moisture-enabled electric generators,and ***,the future research directions of nanocellulose-based functional materials in energy-related devices are presented.

关键词： nanocellulose conductive composites supercapacitors lithium-ion batteries solar cells nanogenerators sensors

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青藏高原冰帽花粉记录的气候敏感性

青藏高原冰帽花粉记录的气候敏感性