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Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome in a Cameroonian Cohorte: The Beast to Slaughter

Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 386-396页

作者： Maimouna Mahamat kalla claude Diya Rahinatou Epee Ngoue Jeannette Gamarko Sossal Ousmane Kaze Folefack François Koki Ndombo Paul Olivier Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Haemodialysis Unit Yaound General Hospital Yaound Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Hemodialysis Department University Teaching Hospital Yaound Cameroon Mother and Child Center of Chantal Biyas Foundation Yaound Cameroon

Background: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a frequent pathology in children. There is little data on the future of NS in children in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Cameroon. The aim of our study is to report the prognosis of children treated for nephrotic syndrome in the city of Yaoundé. Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective collection in 4 reference hospitals in the Cameroonian capital over a period of five years from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. We included all medical records of patients treated for idiopathic INS. We excluded incomplete records and those with a history of chronic kidney disease. The sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic data, as well as the short-term evolution were collected in the files. Data was analysed using the software statistical package for social sciences version 25.0. Statistical significance was set at a p-value Results: A total of 131 children (58% boys) were included in our study over a period of 5 years. The median age was 8 [6 - 11] years. Median proteinuria was 5 g/24h [3 - 8.4], median serum protein was 39 [34 - 46] g/l and median estimated glomerular filtration rate was 130.36 [68 - 174.6] ml/min/1.73m2. During steroid therapy, 45.07% were in partial remission at 2 months, 16.9% were in complete remission at 4 and 6 months, and 37.25% had relapsed. Steroid sensitivity was reported in 28.17% of cases, steroid resistance in 64.78% of cases and steroid dependent in 7.04% of cases. The mortality rate was 12.97%. Survival time averaged 48.2 months, with an overall crude survival rate of 99.2% at 3 and 6 months and 98.4% at 1 year. Regarding renal survival, renal function was impaired in 8.33% of patients at 6 months and 9% at 12 months. Conclusion: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common disease in children. Its evolution depends on corticosteroid therapy. The long-term prognosis is dominated by the risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease or even dea

关键词： Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Outcome Mortality End-Stage Kidney Disease Children Cameroon

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Pediatric Clinical Features of Covid-19 in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 231-237页

作者： Meguieze claude-Audrey Nseme Etouckey Eric Mekone Nkwele Isabelle kalla Ginette claude Mireille Kamgaing Noubi Nelly Ngo Nyeki Adèle-Rose Onambele Paul Ntoukem Mbakop Carlin Koki Ndombo Paul Pediatric Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Morphological Sciences and Anatomopathology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Ophthalmology-ENT Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Nkolndongo District Health Service Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic is a public health emergency characterized by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. It has many clinical forms and affects all age groups. Despite the magnitude of this pandemic, data from pediatric cohorts in Cameroon remain sparse. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation of Covid-19 in the pediatric population of the Nkolndongo health district. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a duration of 5 months from January to May 2021 and covered a period of 9 months (March to December 2020). All patients aged 0 to 19 years, suspected of having Covid-19, confirmed by real-time RT-PCR targeting the N and ORF1 ab viral genes and managed in the Nkolndongo health district were included. The results were analyzed using IBM SPSS.23.0 software and the data expressed as frequencies, percentages, and means. The threshold of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: This study revealed that 48 patients out of 154 suspected cases were tested positive. The most affected age group was adolescents aged 13 - 19 years (92.85%). The most frequent symptoms were cough (33%), fever (42%) and nasal discharge (25%). Infants were the least affected. 58% of patients were asymptomatic, 47.91% were in mild stage, 8.33% in moderate stage and 4.16% in severe stage. All the children tested positive survived. Patients with comorbidity were 20 times more likely to develop moderate to severe clinical forms, this being statistically significant. Conclusion: The clinical presentation reported mainly fever, cough and anterior nasal discharge. There was a significant association between the presence of comorbidity and the moderate to severe degrees of severity.

关键词： Covid-19 Children Clinical Presentation Cameroon Sub Saharan Africa

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Performance and Trends in Measles Case-Based Surveillance in the North West Region of Cameroon, 2009 to 2015

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第6期10卷 37-55页

作者： Wasu Chrispus Nchandone Ginette claude Mireille kalla Njamnshi Alfred Kongnyu Same Ekobo Albert Assob Nguedia Jules Clement Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Regional Technical Group for the Expanded Programme on Immunization RTG-EPI Regional Delegation of Public Health for the North West Region of Cameroon Bamenda Cameroon Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Neurology Central Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. As an infection with no specific treatment, its control is most importantly through vaccination and adequate disease surveillance. National immunization coverage for the first dose of measles/rubella vaccine in 2019 was 71%. As a result, measles continues to rage with outbreaks not sparing the North West Region (NWR) of Cameroon, hence the need for proper surveillance. Objective: Assess performance of measles case-based surveillance in the NWR of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with retrospective collection of measles surveillance records carried out at the Regional Delegation of Public Health from 2009 to 2015. The data collected using a structured form were: number of persons suspected of measles;number of persons reported to district service;number of persons whose samples were collected and forwarded to the laboratory;number whose results reached the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Central unit and the time lapse between successive phases. Results: Although not all planned activities were carried out, a constant increase in planned and carried out monitoring activities was found. The average time taken from onset of signs and symptoms in a measles case to consultation at a health facility, from consultation to notification of case to district service, from notification to investigation, from investigation to receipt of biological sample at laboratory, from receipt of sample to provision of results to the EPI Central unit, and from collection of sample to reception of results at the Central EPI unit was 2.59 days, 1.5 days, 1.5 days, 2.6 days, 4 days and 6.6 days respectively. Conclusion: There was an overall rising trend in the performance of measles case-based surveillance, although the high priority site visits witnessed a stagnation during the period, a large scale measles epidemic occurred (2

关键词： Measles Case-Based Surveillance Performance Trends

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