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Climate Services Elaboration for Cocoa Cultivation in Côte d’Ivoire: Contribution of CORDEX Climate Projections

Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 358-375页

作者： Adama Bamba Fidèle Yoroba N’Datchoh Evelyne Toure Kouakou Kouadio mory Ouattara kakou m’bo mamadou Cherif Daouda Kone Arona Diedhiou Laboratoire des sciences de la matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Centre d’Excellence Africain en Changement Climatique Biodiversité et Agriculture Durable (CCBAD) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire mixte International Climat-Eau-Energy-Agriculture Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Station Géophysique de LAmTO N’Douci C&#244te d’Ivoire UFR Bioscience Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Université Grenoble Alpes IRD CNRS Grenoble-INP IGE Grenoble France

This study assessed the contribution of climate projections to improving rainfall information for cocoa crops in the central and southern regions of Côte d’Ivoire. Particular attention was paid to fourteen localities in these two climatic zones. Simulation data were obtained from the CORDEX ensemble and observation data from CHIRPS. They cover the period 1991-2005 for the reference period and the future period from 2021 to 2050 for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. In addition, the study was based on the water requirements necessary during the critical phase of the cocoa tree (the flowering phase) for a good yield from the cocoa production chain on the one hand, and on a selection of three climate indices CDD, CWD and r95PTOT to study their spatio-temporal changes over two future periods 2021-2035 (near future) and 2036-2050 (medium-term) on the other. These climatic indices influence cocoa cultivation and their use in studies of climatic impacts on agriculture is of prime importance. The analysis of their spatio-temporal changes in this work also contributes to providing climate services based on rainfall, to which cocoa crops are highly sensitive. Our results show that the CDD and CWD indices vary from one region to another depending on latitude. For the fourteen localities studied, the number of consecutive dry days (CDD) could increase between now and 2050, while the number of consecutive wet days (CWD) could decrease over the period 2021-2035 and then increase over the period 2036-2050. The localities of Tabou, Aboisso and San-Pedro record high numbers of CDD index and CWD index for both projection scenarios. In comparison with the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, these results show that the RCP8.5 scenarios are having an impact on cocoa growing in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Cocoa RCP4.5 RCP8.5 Climate Indices Côte D’ivoire

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Contribution of Climate Scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 to the Study of Climate Change Impacts on Cocoa Farming in Côte d’Ivoire

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第1期13卷 84-101页

作者： Adama Bamba N’Datchoh E. Toure Kouakou Kouadio Stéphane A. A. Ahoua Dolores V. m. Kouakou Fidèle Yoroba kakou m’bo mamadou Cherif Daouda Kone Arona Diedhiou Laboratoire des Sciences de la matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Université Félix Houphou&#235 t boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Centre d’Excellence Africain en Changement Climatique Biodiversité et Agriculture Durable (CCBAD) Université Félix Houphou&#235 t boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratoire mixte International Climat-Eau-Energy-Agriculture Université Félix Houphou&#235 t boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Station Géophysique de LAmTO BP 31 N’Douci C&#244 te d’Ivoire UFR Bioscience Université Félix Houphou&#235 t boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Université Grenoble Alpes IRD CNRS Grenoble-INP IGE Grenoble France

In the particular context of climate change in Côte d’Ivoire and the vulnerability of farmers to its effects, one of the major issues is how these changes could impact cocoa yields of cocoa production areas. Thus, the objective of this study is to sustainably increase the resilience of all cocoa farming stakeholders to the impacts of climate change. The study was carried out in the central and southern areas of Côte d’Ivoire with a focus on eleven localities that have many communities of cocoa producers and a humid climate. The rainfall and temperature observation data using come from the CRU, they cover the historical period from 1971 to 2000 at 0.5o × 0.5o horizontal scale. As for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios, they come from the CORDEX database and cover the 2021-2050 period. The methodology is based on the calculation of climatic indices sensitive to cocoa cultivation which are the number of consecutive dry days (CDD), the number of consecutive wet days (CWD), the amount of rain during the rainy season and the maximum temperature above 33℃. The results show that for all the localities studied, indices such as CDD and CWD could experience an increase. In addition, the total amount of rain during the long rainy season (April to June) is calculated on the basis of the threshold of 700 mm representing the minimum annual precipitation during the rainy season necessary for good growth of the cocoa tree. It reveals that for the two scenarios the cumulative rainfall will all be greater than 700 mm. Regarding temperatures, the central and southern areas could have a low number of hot days (temperature greater than or equal to 33℃ which is the tolerable threshold for cocoa cultivation). The eleven localities, therefore, remain favorable areas for cocoa cultivation in terms of climatic conditions based on temperature and rainfall, despite the regional dimension of the effects of climate change and the associated constraints.

关键词： CORDEX Climate Indices Cocoa Temperature Precipitation

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Processing,microstructure,and properties of porous ceramic composites with directional channels

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 1-15页

作者： bo Zhang Yang Yang Xueling Fan Key Laboratory of Service Performance and Protection Technology in Extreme Environments Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Porous ceramic composites with directional microchannels from micrometer to dozens of micrometer levels have attracted more and more attention in various fields including aerospace,biomedicines,and thermal insulation due to their excellent fluid permeability,mechanical properties,*** this article,we summarize the recent directional porous ceramics developments including their main processing routes and respective ***,the properties get from different processing routes have been com-pared and analyzed in terms of microstructures,mechanical properties,and *** has been given to the deeper understanding which can allow one to control the microstructural features of these porous ceramic composites to obtain the desired *** work can provide a useful reference for the development and application of porous ceramic composites with directional microchan-nels.

关键词： Porous ceramic composites Directional microchannels Processing routes Permeability

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Toward tunable shape memory effect of NiTi alloy by grain size engineering:A phase field study

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 276-289页

作者： bo Xu Chong Wang Qingyuan Wang Failure mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering (Sichuan University)Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065China

The inelastic deformations of shape memory alloys(SmAs)always show poor controllability due to the avalanche-like martensite transformation,and the effective control for the deformation of precision de-vices has been not yet *** this work,the phase field method was used to investigate the shape memory effects(SmEs)of NiTi SmAs undergoing grain size(GS)engineering,to obtain tunable one-way and stress-assisted two-way SmEs(OWSmE and SATWSmE).The OWSmE and SATWSmE of the systems with various gradient-nanograin structures and bimodal grain structure,as well as that with geometric gradients were *** simulated results indicate that due to the GS dependences of martensite transformation and reorientation,the occurrence and expansion of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse can be efficaciously controlled via the GS *** combining the GS engineering and geometric gradient design,since the effects of GS and stress gradient can be su-perimposed or competing,and the responses of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse to this are different,the OWSmE and SATWSmE of the geometrically graded systems with various nanograin structures can exhibit different improvements in *** short,the reorienta-tion hardening modulus during OWSmE is increased and the transformation temperature window during SATWSmE is widened by GS engineering,indicating the improved controllability of *** optimal GS engineering schemes revealed in this work provide the basic reference and guidance for designing tun-able SmEs and producing NiTi-based driving devices catering to desired functional performance in various engineering fields.

关键词： Phase field NiTi Shape memory effect Grain size engineering Geometric gradient

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Black hole evaporation and its remnants with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 125-136页

作者： bo Yu Zheng-wen Long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

In recent years,researchers have investigated the evaporation of Schwarzschild black holes using various forms of the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP),metric quantum correction,and noncommutative geometry,***,there are differences between the GUP correction and the other two methods in terms of describing the later stages of black hole ***,some studies argue that the GUP with a negative parameter cannot effectively correct black hole evaporation,while others contend that the positivity or negativity of the GUP parameters should not affect the correction *** the above into consideration,we reconsider black hole evaporation with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term(LGUP),and examine the case of negative *** results indicate that the evaporation behavior of both Schwarzschild black holes and Reissner–Nordstr?m black holes,under LGUP correction,is consistent with the results of metric quantum correction and non-commutative ***,the negative parameter LGUP can also effectively correct for black hole evaporation.

关键词： black hole evaporation generalized uncertainty principle negative parameter

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Almost Periodic Type Group Actions on Compact Quantum metric Spaces

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第2期40卷 568-594页

作者： bo Tao LONG Wei WU College of mathematics MIIT Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modelling and High Performance Computing of Air VehiclesNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106P.R.China School of mathematical Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical PracticeEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241P.R.China

A compact quantum metric space is a complete order unit space A endowed with a Lipnorm *** give some characterizations of almost periodic type group actions on a compact quantum metric space(A,L)by means of several kinds of subsets of A,its induced equicontinuous actions on several important subsets of the dual Banach space A*,and the Lip-norm L with its induced metric space structures on the state space S(A)of A.

关键词： Lip-norm compact quantum metric space Lipschitz isomorphism almost periodicity Arzela-Ascoli theorem metric set

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Intersection theory rules symbology

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 93-104页

作者： Jiaqi Chen bo Feng Lilin Yang Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100084China Zhejiang Institute of modern Physics School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory Hefei 230026China

We propose a novel method to determine the structure of symbols for any family of polylogarithmic Feynman *** the d log-bases and simple formulas for the leading order and next-to-leading contributions to the intersection numbers,we give a streamlined procedure to compute the entries in the coefficient matrices of canonical differential equations,including the symbol letters and the rational *** also provide a selection rule to decide whether a given matrix element must be *** symbol letters are deeply related to the poles of the integrands and also have interesting connections to the geometry of Newton *** method can be applied to many cutting-edge multi-loop *** simplicity of our results also hints at the possible underlying structure in perturbative quantum field theories.

关键词： scattering amplitude Feynman integral symbology

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Effect of Texture on the Grain-Size-Dependent Functional Properties of NiTi Shape memory Alloys and Texture Gradient Design:A Phase Field Study

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Acta mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 10-32页

作者： bo Xu Beihai Huang Chong Wang Qingyuan Wang Failure mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Texture is inevitably introduced during the manufacturing of most NiTi shape memory alloys(SmAs),and the textured nanocrystalline NiTi has been extensively employed in ***,the effect of texture,and the joint effect of grain size(GS)and texture on the functional properties of NiTi SmAs and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms have not been clearly understood *** this work,based on the phase field method,the effect of texture on the GS-dependent functional properties of NiTi SmAs,including super-elasticity(SE),one-way shape memory effect(OWSmE),and stress-assisted two-way shape memory effect(SATWSmE),is investigated,and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms are ***,the samples with discrete geometrical gradients and/or texture gradients are designed to achieve graded functional *** simulation results indicate that the dependence of functional properties on texture is due to the effect of crystallographic orientation on martensite transformation and reorientation,which can lead to different inelastic *** the designed samples with texture gradients,the stress–strain responses of sheets with various textures are different,allowing for the coordination of overall deformation of the sample by combining such sheets,with varying inelastic deformation ***,the overall response of the sample differs from that without texture gradient,leading to the achievement of graded functional *** simulation results and new findings in this work contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of texture,GS,and their interaction on the functional properties of SmAs,and provide valuable reference for the design and development of SmA-based devices with desired functional properties.

关键词： Phase field NiTi shape memory alloy Texture Grain size Functional property Texture gradient

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Habits on Social Networks at Workplace: A Survey of motivations and Behaviour

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2154-2168页

作者： Thomas kakou Kouassi Douatia Koné Aliou Bamba Aladji Kamagaté Olivier Asseu Yvon Kermarrec Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de lInformation et de la Communication (LASTIC) Ecole Superieure Africaine des TIC (ESATIC) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphout boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Departement de mathematiques Physique et Chimie Universit Plforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC) Korhogo Cte dIvoire Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) Paris France Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de linformation de la Communication et de la Connaissance (Lab-STICC) IMT Atlantique Brest France

This article explores the use of social networks by workers in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, with particular emphasis on a descriptive or quantitative analysis aimed at understanding motivations and methods of use. more than five hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed, highlighting workers’ preferred digital channels and platforms. The results indicate that the majority use social media through their mobile phones, with WhatsApp being the most popular app, followed by Facebook and LinkedIn. The study reveals that workers use social media for entertainment purposes and to develop professional and social relationships, with 55% unable to live without social media at work for recreational activities. In addition, 35% spend on average 1 to 2 hours on social networks, mainly between 12 p.m. and 2 p.m. It also appears that 46% believe that social networks moderately improve their productivity. These findings can guide marketing strategies, training, technology development and government policies related to the use of social media in the workplace.

关键词： Social Network Social media Applications Poisson’s Law Statistics Digital Supports Workers Productivity

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Bed inventory balance and stability of dual circulating fluidized bed systems

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 98-106页

作者： Yangjun Wei Leming Cheng David Pallares bo Leckner Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Department of Space Earth and EnvironmentChalmers University of TechnologyS-41296GöteborgSweden

Experiments and modelling are conducted for general understanding on the imbalance phenomenon and for discussion on the strategies to improve the bed inventory balance and stability of a dual circulating fluidized bed(DCFB)*** experiments are carried out in a 15.5 m high pilot-scale DCFB cold test system.A fluid-dynamic DCFB model is developed based on a 1.5-dimensional semi-empirical model of an industrial CFB boiler,validated by experimental *** effects of control methods and operation conditions on the bed inventory balance and on the stability of the pilot-and large-scale DCFB systems are discussed.A"stable-unbalanced"state,where the system reaches a steady state,consisting of un-balanced bed inventories,is observed in both experiments and model *** maintain a balanced state and similar bed inventory in the DCFB systems with similar cross-sectional areas,it is recom-mended to keep similar total pressure drops or gas velocities in both reactors.

关键词： Bed inventory balance Stability Dual circulating fluidized bed(DCFB) Experiment modelling

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