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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 428-445页

作者： Bin Chen jiang Xu Lizhong Zhu College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Agriculture&Forest University Lin'an 311300China

Global environmental concern over organic contaminated sites has been progressively conspicuous during the process of urbanization and industrial restructuring.While traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies may significantly destroy the soil structure and function,coupling moderate chemical degradation with microbial remediation becomes a potential way for the green,economic,and efficient remediation of contaminated sites.Hence,this work systematically elucidates why and how to couple chemical technology with microbial remediation,mainly focused on the controllable redox reactions of organic contaminants.The rational design of materials structure,selective generation of reactive oxygen species,and estimation of degradation pathway are described for chemical oxidation.Meanwhile,current progress on efficient and selective reductions of organic contaminants(i.e.,dechlorination,defluorination,-NO_(2) reduction)is introduced.Combined with the microbial remediation of contaminated sites,several consideration factors of how to couple chemical and microbial remediation are proposed based on both fundamental and practical points of view.This review will advance the understanding and development of chemical-microbial coupled remediation for organic contaminated sites.

关键词： Soil remediation Groundwater remediation Rational design Reactive species Environmental nanotechnology

Response of ocean acidification to atmospheric carbon dioxide removal

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 79-90页

作者： Jiu jiang Long Cao Xiaoyu Jin Zechen Yu Han Zhang Jianjie Fu Guibin jiang School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resources of Zhejiang Province School of Earth SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Climate Center Hangzhou 310052China

Artificial CO_(2)removal from the atmosphere(also referred to as negative CO_(2)emissions)has been proposed as a potential means to counteract anthropogenic climate change.Here we use an Earth system model to examine the response of ocean acidification to idealized atmospheric CO_(2)removal scenarios.In our simulations,atmospheric CO_(2)is assumed to increase at a rate of 1%per year to four times its pre-industrial value and then decreases to the pre-industrial level at a rate of 0.5%,1%,2%per year,respectively.Our results show that the annual mean state of surface ocean carbonate chemistry fields including hydrogen ion concentration([H^(+)]),pH and aragonite saturation state respond quickly to removal of atmospheric CO_(2).However,the change of seasonal cycle in carbonate chemistry lags behind the decline in atmospheric CO_(2).When CO_(2)returns to the pre-industrial level,over some parts of the ocean,relative to the pre-industrial state,the seasonal amplitude of carbonate chemistry fields is substantially larger.Simulation results also show that changes in deep ocean carbonate chemistry substantially lag behind atmospheric CO_(2)change.When CO_(2)returns to its pre-industrial value,the whole-ocean acidity measured by[H^(+)]is 15%-18%larger than the pre-industrial level,depending on the rate of CO_(2)decrease.Our study demonstrates that even if atmospheric CO_(2)can be lowered in the future as a result of net negative CO_(2)emissions,the recovery of some aspects of ocean acidification would take decades to centuries,which would have important implications for the resilience of marine ecosystems.

关键词： Carbon dioxide removal Net negative CO_(2)emission Ocean acidification Climate change Earth system modeling

Progress in gut microbiota-host interaction

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 851-853页

作者： Changtao jiang Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Recently,the gut microbiota has been recognized as a novel endocrine organ in the human body.It produces various bioactive metabolites and participates in metabolic processes.In addition,the gut microbiota is involved in the metabolism of drugs and natural components,which in turn influences the effects of various oral medications.

关键词： metabolism drugs processes

Aberrant protamination in sperm correlates to anomalous nuclear and cytoplasmic architectures in infertile males with sperm dysmorphology

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 183-188页

作者： Huan jiang Chu-Jie Huang Department of Reproductive Endocrinology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)Shenzhen 518172China Institute of Reproductive Immunology College of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Aberrant sperm protamination is linked to sperm dysmorphology and nuclear chromatin condensation.Yet,its effects on sperm cytoplasmic maturation remain largely unexplored.The relationships of protamines,sperm morphology,DNA damage,and cytoplasmic remodeling were illustrated in this study to provide fresh perspectives on the mechanisms of male infertility.A total of 205 infertile males were allocated into 5 groups according to the percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting abnormal morphology within their samples.Sperm concentration,motility,abnormal sperm morphology,cytoplasmic droplets(CDs),and excess residual cytoplasm(ERC)were analyzed according to the World Health Organization manual(2010).Sperm nuclear vacuoles(NVs)were determined by propidium iodide(PI)staining.Sperm protamine expressions(P1 and P2)were detected by western blot.DNA damage was measured by acridine orange test(AOT)to calculate the proportion of sperm with single-strand DNA breaks(SSBs).Our data showed that sperm concentration and motility in infertile males significantly decreased with the severity of abnormal sperm morphology(both P<0.01).P1 level,P1/P2 ratio,and SSB rate increased with the severity of sperm dysmorphology,whilst the P2 level decreased(all P

关键词： abnormal sperm morphology excess residual cytoplasm male infertility protamines sperm DNA damage sperm nuclear vacuoles

Revolutionizing tumor immunotherapy:unleashing the power of progenitor exhausted T cells

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 499-512页

作者： Zhang Fang Xinyi Ding Hao Huang Hongwei jiang Jingting jiang Xiao Zheng Department of Tumor Biological Treatment The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University

In exploring persistent infections and malignancies, a distinctive subgroup of CD8+T cells, progenitor exhausted CD8+T（Tpex） cells, has been identified. These Tpex cells are notable for their remarkable self-renewal and rapid proliferation abilities. Recent strides in immunotherapy have demonstrated that Tpex cells expand and differentiate into responsive exhausted CD8+T cells, thus underscoring their critical role in the immunotherapeutic retort. Clinical examinations have further clarified a robust positive correlation between the proportional abundance of Tpex cells and enhanced clinical prognosis. Tpex cells have found noteworthy applications in the formulation of inventive immunotherapeutic approaches against tumors. This review describes the functions of Tpex cells in the tumor milieu, particularly their potential utility in tumor immunotherapy. Precisely directing Tpex cells may be essential to achieving successful outcomes in immunotherapy against tumors.

关键词： Progenitor exhausted CD8 T cells TCF-1 cellular crosstalk immunotherapy tumor microenvironment

An improved initial rotor position estimation method using high-frequency pulsating voltage injection for PMSM

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 19-29页

作者： Yang jiang Ming Cheng School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

High frequency pulsating voltage injection method is a good candidate for detecting the initial rotor position of permanent magnet synchronous motor.However,traditional methods require a large number of filters,which leads to the deterioration of system stability and dynamic performance.In order to solve these problems,a new signal demodulation method is proposed in this paper.The proposed new method can directly obtain the amplitude of high-frequency current,thus eliminating the use of filters,improving system stability and dynamic performance and saving the work of adjusting filter parameters.In addition,a new magnetic polarity detection method is proposed,which is robust to current measurement noise.Finally,experiments verify the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Initial position detection Signal demodulation algorithm Magnetic polarity detection Filter elimination

Do nocturnal birds use acoustic and visual cues to avoid predation by bats?

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 524-537页

作者： Lixin GONG Huan WU Zhiqiang WANG Hui WU jiang FENG Tinglei jiang Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Education Ministry Institute of Grassland ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina College of Life Science Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchunChina

Anti-predation strategies are critical to animal survival and are fundamental to deciphering predator–prey interactions.As an important defense strategy,sensory predator detection(such as through acoustic and visual cues)enables animals to assess predation risk and execute predator-avoidance behavior;however,there are limited studies on the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.The prey of bats provides an excellent representative system for examining the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.Here,we broadcasted different types of echolocation calls of the bird-eating bat Ia io to two wild passerine birds,namely,Zosterops japonicus and Sinosuthora webbiana,that are preyed upon by I.io,and presented the birds with individual bats under different light intensities.The results showed that both bird species were able to perceive the low-frequency audible portion of the bats’echolocation calls;however,they did not exhibit escape responses to the acoustic stimuli.In the dark and under moonlit conditions,both bird species were unable to respond to active bats at close range and the birds only exhibited evasive flight behavior when bats approached or touched them.These results suggest that nocturnal passerine birds may not be able to use acoustic or visual cues to detect bats and adopt evasive maneuvers to avoid predation.This work suggests that bat predation pressure may not elicit primary predator-avoidance responses in nocturnal passerine birds.The results provide new insights into the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.

关键词： anti-predation behavior nocturnal animals sensory cues sensory defenses

The Neural Mechanism of Knowledge Assembly in the Human Brain Inspires Artificial Intelligence Algorithm

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 280-282页

作者： Xiang Ji Wentao jiang Xiaoru Zhang Ming Song Shan Yu Tianzi jiang University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Brainnetome Center Institute of AutomationThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Laboratory of Brain Atlas and Brain-inspired Intelligence Institute of AutomationThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Research Center for Augmented Intelligence Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China

When new information enters the brain,a human's prior knowledge of the world can change rapidly through a process referred to as"knowledge assembly".Recently,Nelli et al.investigated the neural correlates of knowledge assembly in the human brain using functional MRI.Further,inspired by the neural mechanism,the authors developed an artificial neural network algorithm to permit rapid knowledge assembly,improving the flexibility of the system[1].Once again,this research demonstrates that studying how the brain works can lead to better computational algorithms.

关键词： neural knowledge artificial

Comparative analysis of DNA-SIP and magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation (MMI) on unraveling dimethoate degraders

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 59-69页

作者： Luning Lian Yi Xing Dayi Zhang Longfei jiang Mengke Song Bo jiang School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Environmental and Energy Science and Technology International Cooperation Base University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of New Energy and Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies Beijing 100015China

Microorganisms are crucial in the bioremediation of organophosphorus pesticides. However, most functional microorganisms (> 99%) are yet to be cultivated. This study applied two cultivation-independent approaches, DNA-SIP and magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation (MMI), to identify the functional microorganisms in degrading dimethoate in agricultural soils. MMI identified five dimethoate degraders: Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Ramlibacter, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus, whereas DNA-SIP identified three dimethoate degraders: Ramlibacter, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus. Also, MMI showed higher resolution than DNA-SIP in identifying functional microorganisms. Two organic phosphohydrolase (OPH) genes: ophC2 and ophB, were involved in dimethoate metabolism, as revealed by DNA-SIP and MMI. The degradation products of dimethoate include omethoate, O,O,S-trimethyl thiophosphorothioate, N-methyl-2-sulfanylacetamide, O,O-diethyl S-hydrogen phosphorodithioate, O,O,O-trimethyl thiophosphate, O,O,S-trimethyl thiophosphorodithioate, and O,O,O-trimethyl phosphoric. This study emphasizes the feasibility of using SIP and MMI to explore the functional dimethoate degraders, expanding our knowledge of microbial resources with cultivation-independent approaches.

关键词： Stable isotope probing(SIP) Magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation(MMI) Dimethoate Biodegradation Cultivation-independent approach

Discovering deaminases using AlphaFold2:a strategy to search for tool proteins for gene editing

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 822-824页

作者： Yongye Huang Jianxin jiang Min Wu Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province College of Life and Health SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Wound Trauma Medical Center State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjuryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University WenzhouZhejiang 325000China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325000China The Joint Research Center Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityNingboChina

A recent study by Huang et al.published in Cell reported the application of AlphaFold2 to forecast the structures of deaminase proteins and cluster them based on structural similarity,creating a truncated Sdd that can be used as a cytosine base editor(CBE)to be integrated into a single adeno-associated virus(AAV)1 This ground-breaking study aided by the artificial intelligence system would largely broaden the utility of tool proteins for gene editing.

关键词： CBE Alpha editor