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Estimating Key Phenological Dates of Multiple Rice Accessions Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Plant Height Dynamics for Breeding

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 617-628,I0066-I0070页

作者： HONG Weiyuan li Ziqiu FENG Xiangqian QIN jinhua wang Aidong jiN Shichao wang Danying CHEN Song State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China College of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China Plant Phenomics Research Centre Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Efficient and high-quality estimation of key phenological dates in rice is of great significance in breeding work. Plant height(PH) dynamics are valuable for estimating phenological dates. However, research on estimating the key phenological dates of multiple rice accessions based on PH dynamics has been limited. In 2022, field traits were collected using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-based images across 435 plots, including 364 rice varieties. PH, dates of initial heading(IH) and full heading(FH), and panicle initiation(PI), and growth period after transplanting(GPAT) were collected during the rice growth stage. PHs were extracted using a digital surface model(DSM) and fitted using Fourier and logistic models. Machine learning algorithms, including multiple linear regression, random forest(RF), support vector regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and elastic net regression, were employed to estimate phenological dates. Results indicated that the optimal percentile of the DSM for extracting rice PH was the 95th(R^(2) = 0.934, RMSE = 0.056 m). The Fourier model provided a better fit for PH dynamics compared with the logistic models. Additionally, curve features(CF) and GPAT were significantly associated with PI, IH, and FH. The combination of CF and GPAT outperformed the use of CF alone, with RF demonstrating the best performance among the algorithms. Specifically, the combination of CF extracted from the logistic models, GPAT, and RF yielded the best performance for estimating PI(R^(2) = 0.834, RMSE = 4.344 d), IH(R^(2) = 0.877, RMSE = 2.721 d), and FH(R^(2) = 0.883, RMSE = 2.694 d). Overall, UAV-based rice PH dynamics combined with machine learning effectively estimated the key phenological dates of multiple rice accessions, providing a novel approach for investigating key phenological dates in breeding work.

关键词： phenological date plant height unmanned aerial vehicle machine learning rice breeding

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Controlled Synthesis of Metal-Nanoparticles Decorated Block Copolymer Hybrid Particles via Emulsion Confined Self-assembly and Their Catalytic Applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第8期42卷 835-840页

作者： Xiaohua Chang Qunli Yu Dan ji Yutian Zhu College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material TechnologyMinistry of EducationHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121 China

Comprehensive Summary Metal nanoparticles(NPs)decorated block copolymer(BCP)hybrid nanoparticles have attracted enormous attention for their actual value in catalysis,medical therapy,and *** confined assembly of BCPs within evaporative emulsion droplet is verified as an effective method to provide polymeric scaffolds to load metal ***,to date,it remains challenging to generate different types of metal NPs decorated BCP hybrid ***,we employed the emulsion confined self-assembly of poly(styrene-b-2-vinylpyridine)(PS-b-P2VP)and the followed seed-mediated growth of Au and palladium(Pd)NPs onto well-defined BCP particles to design a series of Au/Pd decorated BCP hybrid nanoparticles,which exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol with the reductant of *** work may inspire more researchers to investigate the selective decoration of different metal NPs onto the polymeric scaffolds,broadening the potential applications of the inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles.

关键词： Block copolymers Emulsion confined self-assembly Hybrid nanoparticles Catalytic activity Recyclability

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Controlled cationic ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide by organic ion pair: novel approach to isotactic-rich and crystalline polylactide

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Zhiqiang Ding Mingqian wang Zijing Zhou Bin wang Yuesheng li Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite & Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University

living/controlled cationic ring-opening polymerization（ROP） of L-lactide is a promising approach to isotactic-rich and crystalline poly（L-lactide）. In contrast with the unsubstituted lactones, L-LA can not be polymerized by organic Lewis acids or carbenium ions, and the state of the art in this field is the cationic ROP of L-LA catalyzed by Br?nsted acid/alcohol system via activated monomer mechanism. Herein, we reported the first example of controlled cationic ROP of L-LA by using Meerweintype ion pair [Me3O]+[B（C6F5）4]-as the catalyst. [Me3O]+[B（C6F5）4]-promoted rapid L-LA cationic polymerization in the absence of alcohol, producing isotactic-rich and crystalline PLLA without transesterification and epimerization side *** activated chain end mechanism, involving twice SN2 substitution and configuration-inversion（S→R→S） with the assistance of released Me2O, was proposed and further verified by density functional theory and control experiments. This work expands the catalytic toolbox of isotactic-rich and crystalline polylactide synthesis. It represents a unique example of cationic-controlled polymerization of L-LA catalyzed by an organic ion pair.

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基于深度学习、小波变换和可见光谱的茶树冻害程度评估

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光谱学与光谱分析 2024年第1期44卷 234-240页

作者：李赫王玉范凯毛艺霖丁仕波宋大鹏王梦琪丁兆堂山东省农业科学院茶叶研究所山东济南250108 青岛农业大学茶叶研究所山东青岛266109 日照市农业科学研究院茶叶研究所山东日照276827

茶树冻害鉴定是评价茶树抗逆性、指导茶园越冬管理的基础。茶树冻害鉴定的传统方法主要通过人工观察茶树叶片的冻害数量和冻害程度,存在准确率低,效率低,主观性强等缺点。提出一种基于深度学习、小波变换和可见光谱的茶树冻害程度评估... 详细信息

茶树冻害鉴定是评价茶树抗逆性、指导茶园越冬管理的基础。茶树冻害鉴定的传统方法主要通过人工观察茶树叶片的冻害数量和冻害程度,存在准确率低,效率低,主观性强等缺点。提出一种基于深度学习、小波变换和可见光谱的茶树冻害程度评估框架。首先,采集了1 000张茶树受冻后的树冠图像,并且按照4∶1分为训练集和测试集,并对训练集图像的冻害叶片进行标注。其次,采用Faster R-CNN网络对茶树的冻害叶片进行识别提取,并且分别选择了AlexNet、 VGG19和ResNet50三种特征提取器,选择鲁棒性最高的特征提取器作为主干网络。然后,将提取到的茶树冻害叶片图像进行小波变换增强处理,从而得到了一张低频率和三张高频率的图像。将小波变换处理后的图像和未经小波变换处理的图像分别输入到VGG16、 SVM、 AlexNet、 ResNet50等网络对冻害叶片进行分级,比较四种网络的分类性能。根据冻害叶片的数量、冻害叶片的程度,不同冻害程度叶片的权重系数,对茶树受冻程度打分,从而对茶树整体的冻害程度进行评估。结果表明:(1)基于ResNet50的Faster R-CNN模型提取茶树冻害叶片的性能最好,其查准率为93.33%,查全率为92.57%,高于VGG19和AlexNet作为主干网络的识别性能,可以确保大多数的冻害叶片都能被提取出来,并为叶片的冻害程度进一步分级提供基础。(2)VGG16模型分类不同冻害程度的叶片的整体准确率为89%,高于其他模型(SVM、 AlexNet、 ResNet50)的整体分类准确率,表明VGG16模型具有较高的鲁棒性。(3)小波变换处理后的冻害叶片图像与未经小波变换处理后的冻害叶片相比较,能提升模型的整体分类准确率2%~6%。说明小波变换增强技术可以提高网络的准确率。因此,本实验框架可以准确和高效地将茶树冻害叶片进行分级,对于茶园冻害程度的评估具有重要价值,为北方茶园的越冬防护提供技术支撑。

关键词：茶树冻害叶片 Faster R-CNN VGG16 小波变换

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Cytospora pyri promotes Erwinia amylovora virulence by providing metabolites and hyphae

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3045-3054页

作者： Tong Shen Mengdi Ye Yeping Xu Bohan Ding Hongtao li li Zhang Jun wang Yanli Tian Baishi Hu Youfu Zhao College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Plant Quarantine Pests Monitoring and Control Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210095China Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety Institute of Plant ProtectionXinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqi 830013China College of Agriculture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Plant Pathology Department Washington State UniversityProsserWA 24106USA

Bacterial-fungal interactions are widespread in *** observed that pear orchards affected by Cytospora pyri(formerly Valsa pyri)were often accompanied with Erwinia ***,the relationship of the two pathogens was *** objective of this study was to determine whether the synergistic effect exists between *** and *** first analyzed the coexistence frequencies of *** and *** in pear *** of the two pathogens,growth,physical interactions,amylovoran production,and expression of genes for amylovoran biosynthesis were *** results showed that *** and *** could coexist on the same lesion and caused much more severe *** also found that *** could physically attach to *** and the expression of amylovoran biosynthesis genes were up-regulated with fungal metabolite *** results indicate that *** and *** can cooperatively interact,which provides *** with an opportunity to promote bacterial dispersal and production of virulence factor in ***.

关键词： pear fire blight Erwinia amylovora Valsa canker amylovoran synergy

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Oleanonic acid inhibits glioma growth by inactivating STAT3 via upregulating SIRT6 in nude mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： jiancun wang Yuanyuan wang Hui Gao Qin Sun Wen li Neurosurgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Neurosurgery， the Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Department of anesthesiology， General Hospital Of Eastern Theater Command Department of Pharmacology， School of Medicine， Shaoxing University

Patients with glioma have a very high mortality rate， thus improving the poor prognosis of glioma has been the goal in the therapeutic field. Searching for more effective drugs for gliomas from natural compounds is a promising strategy. In this study， both oleanonic acid and oleanolic acid inhibited proliferation of glioma cells and reduced expression of cyclin D1 and E1， but the former has a lower IC50 than the latter. Oleanonic acid reduced the expression of p-STAT3 but not p-STAT1 and 5， and also reducing the expression of STAT3 in the nucleus and its transcriptional activity in glioma cells. Furthermore， knockdown of STAT3 expression inhibited proliferation and migration of glioma cells. Next， the expressions of the upstream regulators such as SIRT6 and p-JAK2 but not SIRT1， p-ERK1/2， p300 were increased by oleanonic acid. The overexpression of SIRT6 not only reduced the expression of p-STAT3 and its transcriptional activity but also inhibited the proliferation and migration of glioma cells. In addition， the effects that oleanonic acid reduced the expression of p-STAT3 and its transcriptional activity and inhibited the proliferation and migration were attenuated by the knockdown of SIRT6. Furthermore， oleanonic acid effectively suppressed glioma growth and extended survival in nude mice bearing intracerebral U87 xenografts， but not in nude mice bearing intracerebral SIRT6-knockdown U87 xenografts. In conclusion， oleanonic acid upregulates the expression of SIRT6 to inactivates STAT3 and then inhibits glioma growth.

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Reduced-order modeling and vibration transfer analysis of a fluid-delivering branch pipeline that consider fluid–solid interactions

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期19卷 75-97页

作者： Wenhao ji Hongwei MA Wei SUN yinhang CAO School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion Systems(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of Power and Energy Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

The efficient dynamic modeling and vibration transfer analysis of a fluid-delivering branch pipeline(FDBP)are essential for analyzing vibration coupling effects and implementing vibration reduction ***,this study proposes a reduced-order dynamic modeling method suitable for FDBPs and then analyzes the vibration transfer *** the modeling method,the finite element method and absorbing transfer matrix method(ATMM)are integrated,considering the fluid–structure coupling effect and fluid *** dual-domain dynamic substructure method is developed to perform the reduced-order modeling of FDBP,and ATMM is adopted to reduce the matrix order when solving fluid ***,the modeling method is validated by experiments on an H-shaped branch ***,transient and steady-state vibration transfer analyses of FDBP are performed,and the effects of branch locations on natural characteristics and vibration transfer behavior are *** show that transient vibration transfer represents the transfer and conversion of the kinematic,strain,and damping energies,while steady-state vibration transfer characteristics are related to the vibration *** addition,multiple-order mode exchanges are triggered when branch locations vary in frequency-shift regions,and the mode-exchange regions are also the transformation ones for vibration transfer patterns.

关键词： fluid-delivering branch pipeline vibration transfer analysis reduced-order modeling fluid-solid interactions finite element method absorbing transfer matrix method

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Distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria in different soil types following manure application

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 137-148页

作者： Tingting Song Muhammad Fahad Sardar Xuerong wang Binxu li Zhuoyi Zhang Dimei Wu Changxiong Zhu Hongna li College of Engineering Jilin Normal UniversitySiping136000China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry Beijing100081China College of Environment Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050000China

ARB was investigated in different soil types following manure ***-manure induced more resistance of soil indigenous microbes in fluvo-aquic ***,Dyella,Ralstonia,and Bacillus were the key different *** control is an ef... 详细信息

关键词： chlortetracycline-resistant bacteria(CRB) soil types manure application fluvo-aquic soil LEfSe analysis

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Benchmarking visual SLAM methods in mirror environments

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 215-241页

作者： Peter Herbert jing Wu Ze ji Yu-Kun Lai School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityAbacws BuildingSenghennydd RdCardiff CF244AGUK School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityQueen’s BuildingsThe ParadeCardiff CF243AAUK

Visual simultaneous localisation and mapping(vSLAM)finds applications for indoor and outdoor navigation that routinely subjects it to visual complexities,particularly mirror *** effect of mirror presence(time visible and its average size in the frame)was hypothesised to impact localisation and mapping performance,with systems using direct techniques expected to perform ***,a dataset,MirrEnv,of image sequences recorded in mirror environments,was collected,and used to evaluate the performance of existing representative *** ORB-SLAM3 and BundleFusion appear to show moderate degradation of absolute trajectory error with increasing mirror duration,whilst the remaining results did not show significantly degraded localisation *** mesh maps generated proved to be very inaccurate,with real and virtual reflections colliding in the reconstructions.A discussion is given of the likely sources of error and robustness in mirror environments,outlining future directions for validating and improving vSLAM performance in the presence of planar *** MirrEnv dataset is available at https://***/10.17035/d.2023.0292477898.

关键词： visual simultaneous localisation and mapping(vSLAM) mirror localisation mapping reflection datase

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Identification of LRRC46 as a novel candidate gene for high myopia

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1941-1956页

作者： lingxi jiang Chao Dai Yao Wei Bo Zhao Qi li Zhengzheng Wu liang Zou Zimeng Ye Zhenglin Yang Lulin Huang yi Shi Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics Department of Laboratory MedicineSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China Department of Ophthalmology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU026) Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalChengdu 610072China School of Food and Bioengineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China School of Medicine University of SydneySydney 2050Australia jinfeng Laboratory Chongging 400000China

High myopia(HM)is the primary cause of blindness,with the microstructural organization and composition of collagenous fibers in the cornea and sclera playing a crucial role in the biomechanical behavior of these *** a previously reported myopic linkage region,MYP5(17q21-22),a potential candidate gene,LRRC46(c.C235T,p.Q79X),was identified in a large Han Chinese ***46 is expressed in various eye tissues in humans and mice,including the retina,cornea,and *** subsequent cell experiments,the mutation(c.C235T)decreased the expression of LRRC46 protein in human corneal epithelial cells(HCE-T).Further investigation revealed that Lrrc46^(-/-)mice(KO)exhibited a classical myopia *** thickness of the cornea and sclera in KO mice became thinner and more pronounced with age,the activity of limbal stem cells decreased,and microstructural changes were observed in the fibroblasts of the sclera and *** performed RNA-seq on scleral and corneal tissues of KO and normal control wild-type(WT)mice,which indicated a significant downregulation of the collagen synthesis-related pathway(extracellular matrix,ECM)in KO *** in vitro studies further indicated that LRRC46,a member of the important LRR protein family,primarily affected the formation of *** study suggested that LRRC46 is a novel candidate gene for HM,influencing collagen protein VⅢ(Col8a1)formation in the eye and gradually altering the biomechanical structure of the cornea and sclera,thereby promoting the occurrence and development of HM.

关键词： high myopia LRRC46 biomechanics collagen protein VⅢ

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