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Ethanol Extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch:Antidiarrheal Activity in Mice and Contraction Effect in Isolated Rabbit Jejunum

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第4期29卷 325-332页

作者： WEN Jing ZHANG Jian-wu LYU Yuan-xia ZHANG Hui DENG kai-xi CHEN Hong-xue WEI Ying Department of Pharmacy North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongSichuan Province 637100China

Objective:To evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch root(GFR)in vivo and jejunal contraction in ***:In vivo,50 mice were divided into negative control,positive control(verapamil),low-,medium-and high-dose GFR(250,500,1,000 mg/kg)groups by a random number table,10 mice in each *** antidiarrheal activity was evaluated in castor oil-induced diarrhea mice model by evacuation index(El).In vitro,the effects of GFR(0.01,0.03,0.1,0.3,1,3,and 10 g/L)on the spontaneous contraction of isolated smooth muscle of rabbit jejunum and contraction of pretreated by Acetylcholine(ACh,10μmol/L)and KCl(60 mmol/L)were observed for 200 *** addition,CaCl_(2)was accumulated to further study its mechanism after pretreating jejunal smooth muscle with GFR(1 and 3 g/L)or verapamil(0.03 and 0.1μmol/L)in a Ca^(2+)-free-high-K+solution containing ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA).Results:GFR(500 and 1,000 mg/kg)significantly reduced El in castor oil-induced diarrhea model mice(P<0.01).Meanwhile,GFR(0.01,0.03,0.1,0.3,1,3,and 10 g/L)inhibited the spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Contraction of jejunums samples pretreated by ACh and KCI with 50% effective concentration(EC50)values was 1.05(0.71-1.24),0.34(0.29-0.41)and 0.15(0.11-0.20)g/L,*** addition,GFR moved the concentration-effect curve of CaCl_(2)down to the right,showing a similar effect to ***:GFR can effectively reduce diarrhea and inhibit intestinal contraction,and these antidiarrheal effects may be based on blocking L-type Ca^(2+) channels and muscarinic receptors.

关键词： Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch antidiarrheal spasmolysis Chinese medicine

Novel glycine-dependent inactivation of NMDA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2012年第5期28卷 550-560页

作者： Yun-Feng Zhang xia Li Liang-Liang Peng Guo-Hua Wang kai-Fu Ke Zheng-Lin Jiang Department of Neuropharmacology Institute of Nautical Medicine Nantong University Nantong 226001 China Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital Nantong University Nantong 226007 China

Objective Glycine acts as a co-agonist for the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors （NMDARs） by binding to glycine sites, thus potentiating glutamate-elicited responses and inhibiting NMDAR desensitization in a dose-dependent manner. The present study aimed to characterize the glycine-dependent inactivation of NMDARs and to explore its pathophysiological significance. Methods Primary hippocampal cell cultures from embryonic days 17-18 rats were treated with NMDA or NMDA plus glycine. Patch-clamp recording and intracellular Ca 2＋ imaging were performed to test the effects of glycine on NMDA-activated currents and increase of intracellular free Ca 2＋ respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to examine NR1 internalization. Cell damage was tested with MTT method and lactate dehydrogenase leakage. Results Glycine reduced the peak current and Ca 2＋ influx elicited by NMDA application at concentrations ≥300 μmol/L. This is a novel suppressive influence of glycine on NMDAR function, since it occurs via the NMDAR glycine-binding site, in contrast to the classic suppression, which occurs through the binding of glycine to glycine receptors. The level of membrane NMDARs was measured to evaluate whether internalization was involved. Immunohistochemical labeling showed that incubation with high concentrations of NMDA plus glycine did not change the expression of NMDARs on the cell surface when compared to the expression without glycine; hence the possibility of NMDAR internalization primed by glycine binding was excluded. Conclusion In summary, the novel suppressive effect of glycine on NMDARs was mediated via binding to the glycine site of the NMDAR and not by activation of the strychnine-sensitive glycine-receptor-gated chloride channel or by the internalization of NMDARs. The inhibitory influence of glycine on NMDARs adds a new insight to our knowledge of the complexity of synaptic transmission.

关键词： glycine N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors calcium imaging NMDA-NR1 subunit hippocampal neurons inactivation

Flexible manipulation of Omb levels in the endogenous expression region of Drosophila wing by combinational overexpression and suppression strategy

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 14-21页

作者： Xu-Bo Zhang Wei Dong kai-xia Li Juan-Juan Wang Jie Shen Bernard Moussian Jian-Zhen Zhang Institute of Applied Biology College of Life ScienceShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina Department of Entomology China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Applied Zoology Technical University DresdenZellescher Weg 20bDresdenGermany iBV University of Nice Sophia-AntipolisParc ValroseNiceFrance

Manipulating an exogenous or endogenous gene of interest at a defined level is critical for a wide variety of *** Gal4/UAS system has been widely used to direct gene expression for studying complex genetic and biological problems in Drosophila melanogaster and other model *** by a given tissue-specific Gal4,expressing UAS-transgene or UAS-RNAi(RNA interference)could be used to up-or down-regulate target gene expression,***,the efficiency of the Gal4/UAS system is roughly predefined by properties of transposon vector constructs and the insertion site in the transgenic ***,we describe a simple way to modulate optomotor blind(omb)expression levels in its endogenous expression region of the wing *** co-expressed UAS-omb and UAS-omb-RNAi together under the control of dpp-Gal4 driver which is expressed in the omb expression region of the wing *** repression effect is more sensitive to temperature than that of *** low temperature,overexpression plays a dominant role but the efficiency is attenuated by *** contrast,at high temperature RNAi predominates in gene expression *** this strategy,we could manipulate omb expression levels at a moderate *** allows us to manipulate omb expression levels in the same tissue between overexpression and repression at different stages by temperature control.

关键词： combinational expression Drosophila expression level Gal4/UAS system omb wing disc

Time Domain Full Waveform Inversion Based on Gradient Preconditioning with an Angle-Dependent Weighting Factor

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第6期21卷 1479-1486页

作者： xia Dongming SONG Peng LI Xishuang TAN Jun XIE Chuang WANG Shaowen LIU kai ZHAO Bo MAO Shibo College of Marine Geoscience Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China The Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resource Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of EducationQingdao 266100China First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources(MNR)Qingdao 266061China

There are lots of low wavenumber noises in the gradients of time domain full waveform inversion(FWI),which can seriously reduce the accuracy and convergence speed of ***,we introduce an angle-dependent weighting factor to precondition the gradients so as to suppress the low wavenumber noises when the multi-scale FWI is implemented in the high *** experiments show that the FWI based on the gradient preconditioning with an angle-dependent weighting factor has faster convergence speed and higher inversion accuracy than the conventional *** tests on real marine seismic data show that this method can adapt to the FWI of field data,and provide high-precision velocity models for the actual data processing.

关键词： full waveform inversion low wavenumber noise angle-dependent weighting factor

Efficient micrometer-scale thick-film perovskite solar cells with superior stability

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1647-1657页

作者： Jian-Fei Hu Gang Chen Shun-Zhang Yu Yue-xin Lin kai-Yu Wang Zong-Wei Li Guo-Dong Zhang Teng-Fei Pan Ya-Jing Li Ming-Jie Li Ying-Dong xia Yi-Fan Lv Yong-Hua Chen Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)and Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing211816China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong999077China Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518057China Optics Valley Laboratory Hubei430074China

It is essential to enhance the thickness of the absorber layer for perovskite solar cells(PSCs)to improve device performance and reduce industry ***,thick perovskite films(>1μm)are difficult to be fabricated by employing traditional solvents,such as N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF),dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO).Besides,it is a challenge to fabricate thick-film perovskite owing to the deteriorated surface morphology and serious defect ***,a simple method was reported to deposit uniform pinhole-free perovskite films with a thickness of more than 2μm utilizing the methylamine acetate(MAAc)ionic liquid as the *** with methylammonium chloride(MACl)as an additive,thick-film perovskite with~2μm in grain size and few grain boundaries(GBs)was prepared,which dramatically improved the perovskite crystal quality and enhanced carrier transport *** final PSCs exhibited a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 20.16%.The device showed improved stability with 95%of its initial efficiency in a nitrogen environment over 5000 *** work provides an alternative strategy to produce extremely efficient and stable thick-film *** can be believed that this device has great potential in the application of large areas and laminated PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Thick-film Stability Ionic liquid

Application of the Mathieu combined tunnel technique for repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第3期24卷 311-316页

作者： Qi-Gen Xie kai xia xiang-Ping Li Peng Luo Zuo-Qing Li Cheng Su Chun-Hua Deng Department of Pediatric Surgery First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Andrology First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

Repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair is challenging for pediatric ***,we introduced and evaluated a newly modified Mathieu technique,Mathieu combined tunnel(MCT),which involves multiple custom-designed flaps for the shortage of flap source material after repeated operations;we also constructed a tunnel to avoid the glans incision that may carry new risks of *** retrospective study included 26 patients who were consecutively admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University(Guangzhou,China)for glans dehiscence repair after failed hypospadias repair from October 2014 to October 2020;sixteen patients underwent surgery using the MCT(MCT group)and ten patients underwent surgery using the tubularized incised plate(TIP)technique(TIP group).The operative time,blood loss,postoperative complications,normal urethral meatus rate,success rate,and Hypospadias Objective Penile Evaluation(HOPE)score were compared between the two *** MCT group achieved an overall satisfactory penile appearance and voiding function,with a higher rate of normal urethral meatus(15/16,93.8%)and a lower rate of glans dehiscence(1/16,6.2%),compared with the TIP group(70.0%and 30.0%,respectively).However,these differences were not statistically significant,possibly because of the limited number of patients(all P>0.05).Mean postoperative HOPE scores were similar in the MCT group(mean±standard deviation:8.83±0.89)and TIP group(8.94±0.57)(P>0.05).No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of blood loss and success rate,nor in the rates of various complications(e.g.,fistula,urethral stricture,and glans dehiscence).In conclusion,the MCT technique appears to be feasible and reliable for repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair.

关键词： failed hypospadias glans dehiscence Mathieu tubularized incised plate(TIP) tunnel

Therapeutic effect analysis on the treatment of congenital glaucoma through modified combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第2期9卷 243-248页

作者： Zhen-kai Wu Jing Wu Qian Tan Jian Jiang Wei-Tao Song xiao-Bo xia Department of Ophthalmology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Ophthalmology First People's Hospital of Changde City

AIM： To evaluate the therapeutic effect and the safety of the treatment of congenital glaucoma through modified combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy. METHODS： The clinical data of 27 cases （altogether 42 eyes）, which included 7 cases of infants （10 eyes） and 20 cases of teenagers （32 eyes）, of congenital glaucoma undertook modified combined trabeculotomy trabeculectomy were analyzed retrospectively. The parameters evaluated included the post operation visual acuity, the anterior chamber, the filtering bleb, the intraocular pressure, the C/D ratio, visual field, the retinal nerve fiber layer changes and the complications. RESULTS： The follow-up period was 1 to 29mo, averaging 13.3 ±7.7mo. Upon the last visit after the operation, functional filtering blebs developed in all the involved eyes. The intraocular pressure was controlled under 21 mm Hg, which was decreased by 60% when compared with that before the operation, without using any medication. There were no significant changes in the post operation visual acuity and the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness before and after the operation in teenager group （P〉0.05）, and both the post operation C/D ratio and the visual field mean defect （MD） were reduced compared with those before the operation （P〈0.05）. There were no severe complications in any of the patients. CONCLUSION： The modified combined trabeculotomy- trabeculectomy can effectively reduce the intraocular pressure and control the development of glaucoma in cases of congenital glaucoma. It is a safe and effective operative method for the treatment of congenital glaucoma

关键词： congenital glaucoma trabeculotomy trabeculectomy

Machine learning guided discovery of ternary compounds involving La and immiscible Co and Pb elements

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2462-2470页

作者： Renhai Wang Weiyi xia Tyler JSlade xinyu Fan Huafeng Dong kai-Ming Ho Paul C.Canfield Cai-Zhuang Wang School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong University of Technology510006GuangzhouChina Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA Ames Laboratory-USDOE Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China230026HefeiChina

Ternary compounds with an immiscible pair of elements are relatively unexplored but promising for novel quantum materials *** what third element and its ratio that can be added to make stable ternary compounds out of an immiscible pair of elements remains a great *** this work,we combine a machine learning(ML)method with ab initio calculations to efficiently search for the energetically favorable ternary La-Co-Pb compounds containing immiscible elements Co and *** previously reported structures are correctly captured by our ***,we predict a ground state La_(3)CoPb compound and 57 low-energy La-Co-Pb ternary *** to synthesize La_(3)CoPb via multiple techniques produce mixed or multi-phases samples with,at best,ambiguous signals of the predicted lowest-energy La_(3)CoPb and the second lowest-energy La_(18)Co_(28)Pb_(3)*** calculated results of Gibbs free energy are consistent with experiments,and will provide very useful guidance for further experimental synthesis.

关键词： elements immiscible ternary

A sodium laser guide star coupling efficiency measurement method

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第9期16卷 95-100页

作者： Lu Feng Zhi-xia Shen Suijian Xue Yang-Peng Li kai Jin Angel Otarola Yong Bo Jun-Wei Zuo Qi Bian kai Wei Jing-Yao Hu Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China The Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610209 China Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Thirty Meter Telescope Corporation Pasadena California USA

A large telescope＇s adaptive optics （AO） system requires one or more bright artificial laser guide stars to improve its sky coverage. The recent advent of a high power sodium laser is perfect for such application. However, besides the output power, other parameters of the laser also have a significant impact on the brightness of the generated sodium laser guide star, mostly in non-linear relationships. When tuning and optimizing these parameters it is necessary to tune based on a laser guide star generation performance metric. Although return photon fluxis widely used, variability of the atmosphere and sodium layer makes it difficult to compare results from different sites or even within a short time period for the same site. A new metric, coupling efficiency, is adopted in our field tests. In this paper, we will introduce our method for measuring the coupling efficiency of a 20W class pulse sodium laser for AO application during field tests that were conducted during 2013-2015.

关键词： instrumentation adaptive optics -- methods observational -- atmospheric effects