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Captive chimpanzee shares food with baboons

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Current Zoology 2024年第5期70卷 682-684页

作者： Bin Yang James R.Anderson Ni-Na Gou kai-feng wang Bao-Guo Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationShaanxi Institute of ZoologyXi’an710032China Department of Psychology Kyoto University Graduate School of LettersKyoto606-8501Japan Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation and College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

Food sharing is a prosocial behavior consisting of the unresisted transfer of monopolizable food from a possessor to another individual(Feistner and McGrew 1989;Stevens and Gilby 2004).Despite the cost for donors(i.e.,loss of the food),intraspecifc food sharing occurs in various insects,fsh,birds,and aquatic,terrestrial,and arboreal mammals(Liévin‐Bazin et al.2019;Carter et al.2020).By far,most food sharing is intraspecifc,and takes place while possessors are in the process of ***,we describe the remarkable case of a captive chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes,regularly dispensing food to another primate species(baboons,Papio hamadryas)in a neighboring *** discuss likely causes and functions of this interspecifc altruistic *** were made in Xi’an Qinling Wildlife Park,Shaanxi Province,China(34°02ʹ56.22″N,108°51ʹ48.60″E),where two adult chimpanzees and a group of around 40-50 baboons lived in adjacent *** female chimpanzee(AiAi)was the elderly mother of the male(DuoDuo,or DD).At feeding times,AiAi usually ate near the door to the chimpanzees’indoor area,and she almost never interacted with the baboon *** baboon group consisted of two one-male *** recorded behaviors using focal-animal sampling(for information about subjects and methods,see Supplementary Materials).

关键词： baboons chimpanzee food sharing

Anorectal malignant melanomas: Retrospective experience with surgical management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第4期17卷 534-539页

作者： Xu Che Dong-Bing Zhao Yong-kai Wu Cheng-feng wang Jian-Qiang Cai Yong-Fu Shao Ping Zhao Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union MedicalCollege Beijing 100021 China

AIM: To present the experience and outcomes of the surgical treatment for the patients with anorectal melanoma from the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. METHODS: Medical records of the diagnosis, surgery, and follow-up of 56 patients with anorectal melanoma who underwent surgery between 1975 and 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. The factors predictive for the survival rate of these patients were identified using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate of the 56 patients with anorectal melanoma was 20%, 36 patients underwent abdominoperineal resection (APR) and 20 patients underwent wide local excision (WLE). The rates of local recurrence of the APR and WLE groups were 16.13% (5/36) and 68.75% (13/20), (P = 0.001), and the median survival time was 22 mo and 21 mo, respectively (P = 0.481). Univariate survival analysis demonstrated that the number of tumor and the depth of invasion had significant effects on the survival (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the number of tumor [P = 0.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.273-11.075] and the depth of invasion (P = 0.015, 95% CI = 1.249-7.591) were independent prognostic factors influencing the survival rate. CONCLUSION: Complete or R0 resection is the first choice of treatment for anorectal melanoma, prognosis is poor regardless of surgical approach, and early diagnosis is the key to improved survival rate for patients with anorectal melanoma.

关键词： Anorectal melanomas Prognostic factors Surgical management Survival rate

Radiological Analysis of Thoracolumbar Junctional Degenerative Kyphosis in Patients with Lumbar Degenerative Kyphosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第21期130卷 2535-2540页

作者： Chen-Jun Liu Zhen-Qi Zhu kai-feng wang Shoo Doan Shuai Xu Hai-Ying Liu Department of Spinal Surgery Peking University People's HospitalBeijing 100044China

Background： Thoracolumbar junction （TLJ） is the transitional area between the lower thoracic spine and the upper lumbar spine. Vertebral compression fractures and proximal junctional kyphosis following spine surgery often occur in this area. Therefore, the study of development and mechanisms of thoracolumbar junctional degeneration is important for planning surgical management. This study aimed to review radiological parameters of thoracolumbar junctional degenerative kyphosis （TLJDK） in patients with lumbar degenerative kyphosis and to analyze compensatory mechanisms of sagittal balance. Methods： From January 2016 to March 2017, patients with lumbar degenerative kyphosis were enrolled in this radiographic study. Patients were divided into two groups according to thoracolumbar junctional angle （TLJA）： the non-TLJDK （NTLJDK） group （TLJA 〈10°） and the TLJDK group （TLJA≥10°）. Complete spinopelvic radiographic parameters were analyzed and compared between two groups. Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients and independent two-sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test were used. Results： Atotal of 77 patients with symptomatic sagittal imbalance due to lumbar degenerative kyphosis were enrolled in this study. There were 34 patients in NTLJDK group （TLJA 〈10°） and 43 patients in TLJDK group （TLJA ≥10°）. The median angle of lumbar lordosis （LL） in the NTLJDK or TLJDK groups was 23.40° （18.50°, 29.48°） or 19.50° （13.30°, 24.55°）, respectively. The median TLJAs in all patients and both groups were -11.20° （-14.60°, -4.80°）, -3.70° （-7.53°, -1.73°）, and -14.30° （-17.45°, -13.00°）, respectively. In the NTLJDK group, LLwas correlated with thoracic kyphosis （TK; r = -0.400, P = 0.019）, sacral slope （SS; r = 0.681, P 〈 0.001）, and C7-sagittal vertical axis （r = -0.402, P = 0.018）. In the TLJDK group, LL was correlated with TK （r = -0.345, P = 0.024）, SS （r = 0.595, P 〈 0.001）, and pelvic tilt （r = -0.363, P = 0.017）. There were significant differences in LL, TLJA, TK, SS, and pelv

关键词： Lumbar Degenerative Kyphosis Pelvis Back Tilt Sagittal Balance Thoracic Kyphosis, Thoracolumbar JunctionalDegenerative Kyphosis

Roles of extra-cellular signal-regulated protein kinase 5 signaling pathway in the development of spinal cord injury

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第21期132卷 2601-2611页

作者： Chen-Jun Liu Hai-Ying Liu Zhen-Qi Zhu Yuan-Yuan Zhang kai-feng wang Wei-Wei Xia Department of Spinal Surgery Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Department of Pathology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China.

Background:In consideration of characteristics and functions,extra-cellular signal-regulated protein kinase 5(ERK5)signaling pathway could be a new target for spinal cord injury(SCI)*** study aimed to evaluate the roles of ERK5 signaling pathway in secondary damage of ***:We randomly divided 70 healthy Wistar rats into five groups:ten in the blank group,15 in the sham surgery+BIX02188(sham+B)group,15 in the sham surgery+dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO;sham+D)group,15 in the SCI+BIX02188(SCI+B)group,and 15 in the SCI+DMSO(SCI+D)***02188 is a specific inhibitor of the ERK5 signaling *** was induced by the application of vascular clips(with the force of 30 g)to the dura on T10 level,while rats in the sham surgery group underwent only T9-T11 ***02188 or DMSO was intra-thecally injected at 1,6,and 12 h after surgery or *** cord samples were taken for testing at 24 h after surgery or ***:Expression of phosphorylated-ERK5(p-ERK5)significantly increased after *** of BIX02188 indeed inhibited ERK5 signaling pathway and reduced the degree of spinal cord tissue injury,neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression,nuclear factor-kB(NF-kB)activation and apoptosis(measured by TdT-mediated 20-deoxyuridine 50-triphosphate nickend labeling,expression of Fas-ligand,BCL2-associated X[Bax],and B-cell lymphoma-2[Bcl-2]).Double immunofluorescence revealed activation of ERK5 in neurons and microglia after ***:ERK5 signaling pathway was activated in spinal neurons and microglia,contributing to secondary injury of ***,inhibition of ERK5 signaling pathway could alleviate the degree of SCI,which might be related to its regulation of infiltration of inflammatory cells and release of inflammatory cytokines,expression of NF-kB and cell apoptosis.

关键词： Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 5 Mitogen activated protein kinase Spinal cord injury Nuclear factor-κB Apoptosis

Dead trees as an indicator in tourism risk monitoring at primate ecotourism

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 103-105页

作者： Bin Yang Bo Hong James R.Anderson Wei-Wei Fu Yi Ren Ni-Na Gou Jie-Na Shen Kang-Sheng Jia Ying-Hu Lei kai-feng wang Min Mao Bao-Guo Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation Shaanxi Institute of ZoologyXi’an 710032China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi Xi’an 710043China Department of Psychology Kyoto University Graduate School of LettersKyoto 606-8501Japan Research Center of Qinling Giant Panda Shaanxi Academy of ForestryXi’an 710402China Department of Management and Marketing School of Business and EconomicsUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor 43400UPMMalaysia

Primate ecotourism has become an important conservation *** around tourists observing primates in their natural habitat,it can provide multiple benefits(Lebrão et al.2021).Appropriate ecotourism can improve local residents’living conditions and economic level,heighten awareness about animal conservation,and increase funding for the latter(Stronza et al.2019).

关键词： latter ecotourism conservation

Opioid receptor antagonists increase [Ca2+]i in rat arterial smooth muscle cells in hemorrhagic shock

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第3期25卷 141-146页

作者： Li kai,Zhong-feng wang2,Yu-liang SHI2,3,Liang-ming LIU,De-yao HU Institute of Surgery,Department of Pharmacology,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing 400042 Key Laboratory of 2 Neurobiology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China Institute of Surgery Department of Pharmacology Third Military Medical University 重庆 400042 中科院上海生命科学院 Key Laboratory of Neurobiology CAS 上海 200031

AIM: To examine the effects of opioid receptor antagonists and norepinephrine on intracellular free Ca2+ concentra- tion ([Ca2+]i) in mesenteric arterial (MA) smooth muscle cells (SMC) isolated from normal and hemorrhagic shocked rats in the vascular hyporesponse stage. METHODS: The rat model of hemorrhagic shock was made by withdrawing blood to decrease the artery mean blood pressure to 3.73-4.26 kPa and keeping at the level for 3 h. [Ca2+]i of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were detected by the laser scan confocal microscopy. RESULTS: In the hyporesponse VMSC of rats in hemorrhagic shock, selective δ-, κ-, and μ-opioid receptor antagonists (naltrindole, nor-binaltorphimine, and β-funaltrexamine, 100 nmol/L) as well as norepinephrine 5 μmol/L significantly increased [Ca2+]i by 47 %±13 %, 37 %±14 %, 33 %±10 %, and 54 %±17 %, respectively, although their effects were lower than those in the normal rat cells (the increased values were 148 %±54 %, 130 %±44 %, 63 %±17 % and 110 %±38 %, respectively); and the norepinephrine-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was further augmented by three δ-, κ-, and μ-opioid receptor antagonists (50 nmol/L, respectively) application (from 52 %±16 % to 99 %±29 %, 146 %±54 % and 137 %±47 %, respectively). CONCLUSION: The disorder of [Ca2+]i regulation induced by hemorrhagic shock was mediated by opioid receptor and α-adrenoceptor, which may be partly responsible for the vascular hyporesponse, and the opioid receptor antagonists improved the response of resistance arteries to vascu- lar stimulants in decompensatory stage of hemorrhagic shock.

关键词： hemorrhagic shock vascular smooth muscle opioid receptors calcium

Pancreatic stent improves the success rate of needle-knife papillotomy in patients with difficult biliary cannulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 58-67页

作者： Mu-Hsien Lee Cheng-Hui Lin Chi-Huan Wu Yung-Kuan Tsou kai-feng Sung Sheng-Fu wang Nai-Jen Liu Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineTaoyuan 33305Taiwan School of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33305Taiwan

BACKGROUND Needle-knife precut papillotomy(NKP)is typically performed ***,it remains unclear whether pancreatic stent(PS)placement can improve the outcomes of *** To explore whether PS placement improves the success rate of NKP in patients with difficult biliary *** This single-center retrospective study included 190 patients who underwent NKP between January 2017 and December 2021 after failed conventional biliary *** cases with incidental pancreatic duct cannulation during conventional biliary cannulation,the decision for pre-NKP PS placement was made at the endoscopist's *** primary outcome was the difference in the NKP success rate between patients with and without PS placement;the secondary outcome was the adverse event *** Among the 190 participants,82 received pre-NKP PS(PS-NKP group)whereas 108 did not[freehand or freehand NKP(FH-NKP)group].Post-NKP selective biliary cannulation was successful in 167(87.9%)patients,and the PS-NKP had a significantly higher success rate than the FH-NKP group(93.9%vs 83.3%,P=0.027).The overall adverse event rates were 7.3%and 11.1%in the PS-NKP and FH-NKP groups,respectively(P=0.493).A periampullary diverticulum(PAD)and significant intraoperative bleeding during NKP were independently associated with NKP failure;however,a pre-NKP PS was the only predictor of NKP *** the 44 participants with PADs,the PS-NKP group had a non-significantly higher NKP success rate than the FH-NKP group(87.5%and 65%,respectively;P=0.076).CONCLUSION PS significantly improved the success rate of NKP in patients with difficult biliary cannulation.

关键词： Difficult biliary cannulation Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Needle-knife papillotomy Pancreatic stent Selective biliary cannulation

An Efficient Boron Source Activation Strategy for the Low‑Temperature Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 548-558页

作者： Ying wang kai Zhang Liping Ding Liyun Wu Songfeng E Qian He Nanyang wang Hui Zuo Zhengyang Zhou feng Ding Yue Hu Jin Zhang Yagang Yao National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materialsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXian 710000People’s Republic of China College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXian 710000People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325000People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Lowering the synthesis temperature of boron nitride nanotubes(BNNTs)is crucial for their *** primary reason for adopting a high temperature is to enable the effective activation of highmelting-point solid *** this study,we developed a novel approach for efficiently activating boron by introducing alkali metal compounds into the conventional MgO–B *** approach can be adopted to form various low-melting-point AM–Mg–B–O growth *** growth systems have improved catalytic capability and reactivity even under low-temperature conditions,facilitating the synthesis of BNNTs at temperatures as low as 850℃.In addition,molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory theoretically demonstrate that the systems maintain a liquid state at low temperatures and interact with N atoms to form BN *** findings offer novel insights into the design of boron activation and are expected to facilitate research on the low-temperature synthesis of BNNTs.

关键词： Boron nitride nanotubes Low-temperature Boron activation Density functional theory

Herbal medicine in the treatment of patients with type 2 Jiabetes mellitus

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第1期132卷 78-85页

作者： Guo-Ming Pang Fang-Xu Li Yong Yan Yin Zhang Li-Li Kong Pu Zhu kai-feng wang Fang Zhang Bin Liu Cheng LU Department of Endocrinology Kaifeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineKaifengHenan 475000China Key Laboratory for Research on Active Ingredients in Natural Medicine of Jiangxi Province Yichun UniversityYichunJiangxi 336000China Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)is a type of metabolic disease caused by metabolic disorders in the endocrine system and characterized by *** insulin secretion and insulin resistance are the basic patholog... 详细信息

关键词： Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) insulin