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Variation in Bombyx mori immune response against fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana with variability in cell wallβ-1,3-glucan

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 211-224页

作者： Yulong Wang Zhen liu Xuebing yin Shihong liu kai Wang Rongjie Wan Haoran Chen Xinyang Li Bo Huang Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina

Entomopathogenic fungi are protected by a cell wall with dynamic structure for adapting to various environmental conditions.β-1,3-Glucan recognition proteins activate the innate immune system of insects by recognizing surface molecules of ***,the associations between pathogenicity and the different components of entomopathogenic fungal cell walls remain *** Beauveria bassiana strains were selected that have significantly differing virulence against Bombyx *** molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response in *** were investigated using RNA sequencing,which revealed differences in the immune response to different *** strains at 12 h *** assays revealed thatβ-1,3-glucan content had an opposite trend to that of fungal virulence.β-1,3-Glucan injection upregulated BmβGRP4 expression and significantly reduced the virulence of the high-virulence strain but not that of the medium-virulence or low-virulence ***βGRP4 silencing in *** with RNA interference resulted in the opposite virulence pattern,indicating that the virulence of *** was affected by the cell walls’content ofβ-1,3-glucan,which could be recognized by Bmβ***,interference with the gene CnA(calcineurin catalytic A subunit)involved inβ-1,3-glucan synthesis eliminated differences in virulence between *** *** results indicate that strains of a single species of pathogenic fungi that have differing cell wall components are recognized differently by the innate immune system of ***.

关键词： ombyx mori BmβGRP4 innate immunity insect fungal pathogen virulence

Quantum Neural Network for Quantum Neural Computing

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 71-80页

作者： Min-Gang Zhou Zhi-Ping liu Hua-Lei yin Chen-Long Li Tong-kai Xu Zeng-Bing Chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China MatricTime Digital Technology Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211899China

Neural networks have achieved impressive breakthroughs in both industry and *** to effectively develop neural networks on quantum computing devices is a challenging open ***,we propose a new quantum neural network model for quantum neural computing using(classically controlled)single-qubit operations and measurements on real-world quantum systems with naturally occurring environment-induced decoherence,which greatly reduces the difficulties of physical *** model circumvents the problem that the state-space size grows exponentially with the number of neurons,thereby greatly reducing memory requirements and allowing for fast optimization with traditional optimization *** benchmark our model for handwritten digit recognition and other nonlinear classification *** results show that our model has an amazing nonlinear classification ability and robustness to ***,our model allows quantum computing to be applied in a wider context and inspires the earlier development of a quantum neural computer than standard quantum computers.

关键词： quantum thereby breakthrough

Cardiac regeneration: Pre-existing cardiomyocyte as the hub of novel signaling pathway

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 747-759页

作者： Tao Wang Xinzhe Chen kai Wang Jie Ju Xue Yu Wanpeng Yu Cuiyun liu yin Wang Institute for Translational Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityCollege of MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266023China College of Medicine Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266023China

In the mammalian heart,cardiomyocytes are forced to withdraw from the cell cycle shortly after birth,limiting the ability of the heart to regenerate and *** development of multimodal regulation of cardiac proliferation has verified that pre-existing cardiomyocyte proliferation is an essential driver of cardiac *** the continuous development of genetic lineage tracking technology,it has been revealed that cell cycle activity produces polyploid cardiomyocytes during the embryonic,juvenile,and adult stages of cardiogenesis,but newly formed mononucleated diploid cardiomyocytes also elevated sporadically during myocardial *** implied that adult cardiomyocytes have a weak regenerative capacity under the condition of ischemia injury,which offers hope for the clinical treatment of myocardial ***,the regeneration frequency and source of cardiomyocytes are still low,and the mechanism of regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation remains further *** is noteworthy to explore what force triggers endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart ***,we focused on summarizing the recent research progress of emerging endogenous key modulators and crosstalk with other signaling pathways and furnished valuable insights into the internal mechanism of heart *** addition,myocardial transcription factors,non-coding RNAs,cyclins,and cell cycle-dependent kinases are involved in the multimodal regulation of pre-existing cardiomyocyte ***,awakening the myocardial proliferation endogenous modulator and regeneration pathways may be the final battlefield for the regenerative therapy of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Cardiac regeneration Cell cycle re-enter Myocardial infarction Pre-existing cardiomyocyte proliferation Regenerative therapy of cardiovascular diseases

Atorvastatin, etanercept and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling in chronic renal failure rats

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 443-457页

作者： Jing-Yue XU Zheng-kai XUE Ya-Ru ZHANG Xing liu Xue ZHANG Xi YANG Tong liu Kang-yin CHEN Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease Department of CardiologyTianjin Institute of Cardiologythe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients are predisposed to arrhythmias, while the detailed mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized the chronic inflammatory state of CRF patients may lead to cardiac sympathetic remodeling, increasing the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia(VA) and sudden cardiac death. And explored the role of atorvastatin and etanercept in this *** A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(Sham group), CRF group, CRF + atorvastatin group(CRF + statin group), and CRF + etanercept group(CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup). Sympathetic nerve remodeling was assessed by immunofluorescence of growth-associated protein 43(GAP-43) and tyrosine hydroxylase positive area fraction. Electrophysiological testing was performed to assess the incidence of VA by assessing the ventricular effective refractory period and ventricular fibrillation threshold. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta were determined by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** Echocardiogram showed that compared with the Sham group, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and ventricular weight/body weight ratio were significantly higher in the CRF group. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining indicated that myocardial fibers were broken, disordered, and fibrotic in the CRF group. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence and electrophysiological examination suggested that compared with the Sham group, GAP-43 and TNF-α proteins were significantly upregulated, GAP-43 and tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerve fiber area was increased, and ventricular fibrillation threshold was significantly decreased in the CRF group. The above effects were inhibited in the CRF + statin group and the CRF + *** In CRF rats, TNF-α was upregulated, cardiac sympathetic remodeling was more severe, and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling existed. Atorvastatin and etanercept c

关键词： remodeling cardiac inhibited

Numerical Simulation of Oil-Water Two-Phase Flow in Low Permeability Tight Reservoirs Based on Weighted Least Squares Meshless Method

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1539-1552页

作者： Xin liu kai Yan Bo Fang Xiaoyu Sun Daqiang Feng Li yin School of GeoSciences Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation(Southwest Petroleum University) Chengdu610000China Downhole Service Company Petro China Qinghai Oilfield CompanyHaixi817000China Research Institute of Drilling and Production Technology Petro China Qinghai Oilfield CompanyDunhuang736200China PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company The Third Oil Plant Dunhuang736200China

In response to the complex characteristics of actual low-permeability tight reservoirs,this study develops a meshless-based numerical simulation method for oil-water two-phase flow in these reservoirs,considering complex boundary *** radial basis function point interpolation,the method approximates shape functions for unknown functions within the nodal influence *** shape functions constructed by the aforementioned meshless interpolation method haveδ-function properties,which facilitate the handling of essential aspects like the controlled bottom-hole flow pressure in horizontal ***,the meshless method offers greater flexibility and freedom compared to grid cell discretization,making it simpler to discretize complex geometries.A variational principle for the flow control equation group is introduced using a weighted least squares meshless method,and the pressure distribution is solved *** results demonstrate that the computational outcomes of the meshless point cloud model,which has a relatively small degree of freedom,are in close agreement with those of the Discrete Fracture Model(DFM)employing refined grid partitioning,with pressure calculation accuracy exceeding 98.2%.Compared to high-resolution grid-based computational methods,the meshless method can achieve a better balance between computational efficiency and ***,the impact of fracture half-length on the productivity of horizontal wells is *** results indicate that increasing the fracture half-length is an effective strategy for enhancing production from the perspective of cumulative oil production.

关键词： Weighted least squares method meshless method numerical simulation of low permeability tight reservoirs oil-water two-phase flow fracture half-length

Alkyl Radical Initiated Cyclization/Cascade for Synthesizing Lactam-Substituted Alkyl Sulfones

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第16期42卷 1853-1859页

作者： Li-Jun Wu kai-Yi Zhang Pei Yang Chuan-Chong Peng Jin-Hui liu Qing Li Da-Zhi Sun Shuangfeng yin College of Sciences Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangshaHunan410004 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner Mongolia010021 China

An alkyl radical initiated cyclization/tandem reaction of alkyl bromides and alkyl electrophiles by using potassium metabisulphite(K_(2)S_(2)O_(5))as a connector is developed for the synthesis of various lactam-substituted alkyl ***,this process does not require a metal catalyst or metal powder reductant,highlighting its environmentally friendly *** reaction demonstrates outstanding substrate adaptability and a high tolerance towards diverse functional ***,the biologically active molecules and commercially available drugs with a late-stage modification are also highly compatible with this *** studies revealed that the reaction proceeds through a single-step process involving intramolecular radical cyclization,"SO_(2)"insertion,and external alkyl incorporation.

关键词： Alkyl radical Metal-free catalyzed Cyclization/cascade Potassium metabisulphite Electrophiles Alkyl sulfones Lactams Alkyl bromides Sodium formate

Excess Activity Tuned by Distorted Tetrahedron in CoMoO_(4) for Oxygen Evolution

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 247-252页

作者： Hengbo Xiao kai Chi Hongxia yin Xiangji Zhou Pengxiang Lei Peizhi liu Jiakun Fang Xiuhong Li Songliu Yuan Zhen Zhang Yaqiong Su Junjie Guo Lihua Qian School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Ministry of EducationTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Mechanical Engineering Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China Department of Stomatology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Oxygen vacancies enable modulating surface reconstruction of transition metal oxides containing metal-oxygen polyhedrons into metallic oxyhydroxide for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),while revealing reconstructing mechanism is stuck by the requirement to precisely control exact sites of these ***,oxygen vacancies are localized only within MoO_(4)tetrahedrons rather than CoO_(6)octahedrons in CoMoO_(4)catalyst,guaranteeing coherent reconstruction of CoO_(6)octahedrons into pure CoOOH with tunable activities for ***,distorted tetrahedron accelerates the dissolution of Mo atoms into alkaline electrolyte,triggering spontaneous transition of partial CoMoO_(4)into Co(OH)_(2).CoO_(6)octahedrons in both CoMoO_(4)and Co(OH)_(2)can transform pure CoOOH completely at lower potential,resulting in excess intrinsic activity whose summit is identified by overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)with 22.9%reduction and Tafel slope with 65.3%***-defined manipulation over the distorted polyhedrons offers one versatile knob to precisely modulate electronic structure of oxide catalysts with outstanding OER performance.

关键词： metal-oxygen polyhedron oxygen evolution reaction oxygen vacancy Raman spectroscopy

Pathologically relevant aldoses and environmental aldehydes cause cilium disassembly via formyl group-mediated mechanisms

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第1期16卷 15-28页

作者： Te Li Min liu Fan Yu Song Yang Weiwen Bu kai liu Jia Yang Hua Ni Mulin Yang Hanxiao yin Renjie Hong Dengwen Li Huĳie Zhao Jun Zhou Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyTianjin Key Laboratory of Protein ScienceCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis Haihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin 300462China Center for Cell Structure and Function Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

Carbohydrate metabolism disorders(CMDs),such as diabetes,galactosemia,and mannosidosis,cause ciliopathy-like multiorgan ***,the mechanistic link of cilia to CMD complications is still poorly ***,we describe significant cilium disassembly upon treatment of cells with pathologically relevant aldoses rather than the corresponding sugar ***,environmental aldehydes are able to trigger cilium disassembly by the steric hindrance effect of their formyl *** studies reveal that aldehydes stimulate extracellular calcium influx across the plasma membrane,which subsequently activates the calmodulin-Aurora A-histone deacetylase 6 pathway to deacetylate axonemal microtubules and triggers cilium *** vivo experiments further show that Hdac6 knockout mice are resistant to aldehyde-induced disassembly of tracheal cilia and sperm *** findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for formyl group-mediated cilium disassembly in the complications of CMDs.

关键词： carbohydrate metabolism disorder aldose aldehyde cilium disassembly formyl group calcium influx HDAC6

Serological Investigation into the Infected Genotypes of Patients with Japanese Encephalitis in the Coastal Provinces of China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期37卷 716-725页

作者： Weijia Zhang Jierong Zhao Qikai yin Shenghui liu Ruichen Wang Shihong Fu Fan Li ying He kai Nie Guodong Liang Songtao Xu Guang Yang Huanyu Wang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China School of Basic Medicine and Public Health Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510000GuangdongChina

Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains *** searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of *** In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and *** Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to *** of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with *** cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 *** G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.

关键词： Japanese encephalitis virus Serological investigation Plaque reduction neutralization test Cross-neutralization test Genotype