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A Creation Model from the Gell-Mann Standard Model to the Creation of Bio Cells: Based on the Assumption of Homogeneous 5D Space-Time Universe

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第7期11卷 1058-1074页

作者： kai wai wong Wan Ki Chow Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas Lawrence USA Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

In this paper, we briefly go over the homogeneous 5D model field theory: from the 5D space-time inception, to its quantum field solutions given in terms of Higgs vacuum, filled with magnetic monopole bose fields of all energies. Then through the space dimension reduction projections, the Gell-Mann standard model was obtained as well as a quantum to Classical connection was made via introducing Bose distribution to the monopoles to obtain the Perelman entropy and Ricci Flow mappings. This provided us a picture to the creation of Astronomical objects, from galaxies to stars and planets. This method of splitting the monopole energy into ranges is extended to show that below the basic rest mass range of the electron and Quark, it still can be applied to explaining for the creation of the chemical elements periodic table. But perhaps the most interesting is in the lowest hundreds of Hz energy range, obtained from yet another 3 fold space symmetry breaking, into 2D × 1D, producing bio nitrogenous bases composed of 3 Carbon 12 in hexagon structures, due to preservation of the 1D monopole standing waves of this low frequencies. From that by imposing gauge changes the monopole states into DNA spectra. Since such spectra states retain the DLRO, it induces formation of charge carriers periodicity in a spherical bio cell.. It was then argued that due to cell’s surface proteins, the structure must contain partial filled VB, with “p” state hole density, and empty CB, separated from VB by a positive band gap. Such band structures resemble known HTC Cuprate ceramics. Since the HTC goes through a Superconductivity transition via the simultaneous bose exciton condensation, providing a Coulomb pressure, which reduces the band gap substantially, and induces the ODLRO transition of the hole density. The same obviously applies to the bio cells. Because of the near continuous exciton levels generated, a matching to the DNA spectra then can always occur by selective choices of proteins on

关键词： 5D Fermat’s Theorem Space Dimension Reduction Projections Perelman Mappings The Higgs Vacuum: A B.E. Condensed Monopole Bosons Realization of Excitonic Induced Superconducting “p” Valence Band Orbitals in Bio Cells The Final Coherent Building Block EMF Spectra: Water Carbon Hydrogen and Oxygen

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The Mystery on the Physical Conditions for Life

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2021年第4期11卷 383-396页

Based on the Perelmann mappings from the homogenous 5D onto the inhomogeneous Lorentz 4D manifold at liquid water phase temperature range, it is shown that coherent and decoherent molecules, water, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen naturally replace the Quarks in the standard model at Bethe fusion temperature as the SU(3) generators, leading to the formation of nitrogenous bases to house the monopole boson eigenstates that can exist within the RNA and DNA. Through which the growth of organic cells by inducing the Off Diagonal Long-Range Order of “p” type hole states in organic rings and bio-cells and thus “Life”.

关键词： Perelmann Mappings RNA DNA Coherent and Decoherent Molecules Including Nitrogenous Bases DNA Segments and Deceases Intelligence Senses and Memory

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Principle for the Working of the Lithium-Ion Battery

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第11期11卷 1743-1750页

The technological advances in Lithium-ion batteries have created many new applications, including electric vehicles. In this short note, we shall explain in simple terms the basic physics why and how it is possible to have high energy capacity in Lithium-ion batteries. However, heating has been a common problem and without appropriate design, they might give fire and explosion as reported.

关键词： Effective Coulomb Potential for Atomic Orbitals Bohr Atomic Orbital Energies Changes Due to Space Dimensions Symmetries Change in Lithium Metal Ionized Valence Bands Binding

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A Summary of the Homogeneous 5D Universe Creation Model: Expressed in the Dirac Second-Order Quantization Representation

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Journal of Modern Physics 2021年第3期12卷 123-138页

A summary of the homogeneous 5D universe model is expressed in the Dirac second-order quantized representation for the magnetic monopoles, identified in terms of the Higgs Bosons, and through systematic ordered excitations of the Higgs vacuum obtained the non-homogeneous 4D Lorentz manifolds filled with masses, corresponding to making space dimension reduction projections, and thus realization of Newtonian gravity, followed by the 3D space symmetry breaking into 2D × 1D that produces the Perelmann-entropy and Ricci-Flow mappings, resulting in the realization of Poincare spheres, represented by nucleus such as Carbon 12, all the way to stars, and matter filled discs, such as stars in galaxies and 2D carbon-based molecular structures like nitrogenous bases. Finally, the forming of RNAs and DNAs, then life forms.

关键词： Magnetic Monopoles Higgs Bosons Space Reduction Projections Perelmann Mappings Nitrogenous Bases and Life Forms

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The Mathematical Origin of Gravitational Singularities

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第12期11卷 1911-1917页

In this note we give a geometrical presentation to the 4D Riemannian curvature as it relates to the Newtonian gravity in the 4D Lorentz manifold. The compacting of the proper time as is necessary for the unification with the Maxwell electrodynamics, as given by Einstein and Kaluza-Klein, should the universe be only of 4D space-time, led to the concept of gravitational field singularity sinks known as black holes, that would not be acceptable under a 5D homogeneous manifold through which the 4D Lorentz manifold evolved by application of the Perelman-Ricci Flow entropy mapping, which is consistent with both Maxwell suggested magnetic monopole, the quantum Higgs vacuum theory and the Gell-Mann standard model for hadrons.

关键词： Black Hole Gravitational Field Singularities Within a Lorentz Manifold Proper Time Compacting Perelman Mappings as It Relates to Riemannian Curvature

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A Quantum Representation of the Homogeneous 5D Manifold and the Perelman Mappings of 5D onto Non-Homogeneous Lorentz 4D Manifolds

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第5期10卷 557-575页

作者： kai wai wong Peter Chin Wan Fung Wan Ki Chow Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas Lawrence USA Department of Physics and Centre on Behavioral Health University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

The expression of the Maxwell magnetic monopole was employed to correlate the space to space projection that gives rise to the Gell-Mann standard model, and space to time projection which gives the leptons;and how does it correlate to the Perelman mappings from the homogeneous 5D manifold to the Lorentz 4D manifold, together with correlating the physical consequences caused by the breaking of the Diagonal Long Range Order [DLRO] of the monopoles quantum states affected by the motion of massive particles in the Lorentz 4D boundary of the 5D manifold, which leads to gravitons and the gravity field via the General Relativity covariant Riemannian 4D curvatures metric equation.

关键词： 5D Homogeneous Manifold Perelman Mappings Magnetic Monopoles Space Projections and Topological Symmetries Covariant Riemannian Curvature and Gravity

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Breaking SU(3)Symmetry and Baryon Masses

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Journal of Modern Physics 2015年第11期6卷 1492-1497页

作者： kai-wai wong Gisela A.M.Dreschhoff Hogne J.N.Jungner Department of Physics and Astronomy University of KansasLawrenceUSA Radiocarbon Dating Lab University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

Following the Projection-Gell-Mann Standard Model obtained from 5D homogeneous space-time, we extended to the definition of Strange and Charm quarks from the SU(3) fractional charged generators superposition representations, and calculated all the well-known baryon masses. The results indicate how the Orthogonality between the SU(2) × L and SU(3) × L manifolds is broken in the hadrons, such that the superposition of the time projection Po, and the conformal space projection P1 are established, the basic requirement for General Relativity and the establishment of the Riemannian curvature in the presence of mass.

关键词： Gluon SU(3)Breaking Baryon Masses

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SMA molecular line survey towards the massive star-forming region G10.6-0.4in W31complex

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第11期18卷 29-42页

作者： wai-Ho wong Tao An Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Line surveys of complex molecules with millimeter and sub-millimeter telescopes are important for probing the physical and chemical environments of massive star forming regions(MSFRs).We present a molecular line survey with the Submillimeter Array(SMA) in the frequency ranges of 220.3–222.3 GHz and 230.3–232.3 GHz toward G10.6-0.4, the brightest star forming core in the W31 complex. Ninety-nine transitions from 22 molecular species and their isotopologues are identified. The moment 0 images of typical molecules show a compact core which is concentrated at the continuum peak position. Based on the local thermodynamic equilibrium assumption, the molecular line data are modeled. The rotational temperatures of those molecular species range from 96 to 178 K and their column densities range from 2.0×1014to 3.7×1017cm-2. The observational data suggest that all complex molecules are located in a warm environment. Chemical environments of the molecules are discussed. We compared molecular abundances and gas temperatures in G10.6-0.4 with those in other MSFRs, and found that gas temperatures and fractional abundances of specific molecules in G10.6-0.4 are similar to the typical MSFR W51 North, suggesting that there are similar physical and chemical environments in these two MSFRs.

关键词： stars: formation ISM: abundances ISM: individual objects: G10.6-0.4 ISM: molecules radio lines: ISM

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Polymetallaynes and Molecular Metallaynes Containing Platinum,Mercury and Gold for Optoelectronic and Magnetic Applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第17期41卷 2159-2178页

作者： Chen Zhang Linli Xu wai-Yeung wong Departmentof Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kongchina

omprehensive Summary,Polymetallaynes are a promising branch of metallopolymers,in which the introduction of metal building blocks to organic conjugated backbones leads to their unique skeletons and versatile ***,the chemical structures,geometric configurations and functional properties in these organometallic systems can be adjusted flexibly by the appropriate selection of metal centers,auxiliary ligands,or bridging *** recent years,both one-dimensional and two-dimensional polymetallaynes have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent electronic,optical and magnetic ***,the studies on molecular metallaynes provide substantial insights for the exploration of the structure-property-activity relationships in these organometallic acetylide-containing *** recent research progress of polymeric and molecular metallaynes containing platinum,mercury and gold is discussed in this article.A series of functional properties have been realized in these acetylide-containing compounds by the rational structural design and refined synthetic strategies,leading to their emerging applications including energy conversion,nonlinear optics,data storage and memory,as well as chemo/biosensing.

关键词： Polymetallayne Molecular metallayne Metallated graphyne Platinum Mercury Gold

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Socioeconomic Distribution of Health and Health Care Utilization in a New Town in Hong Kong, China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第2期17卷 234-245页

作者： TAK SUN IGNATIUS YU TZE wai wong Department of Community and Family Medicine the Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong SAR ChinaDepartment of Community and Family Medicine the Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong SAR China

Objectives To assess the association of socioeconomic indicators with various chronic and acute illnesses and the utilization of public health care in a new town in Hong Kong, China. Methods Illness experience and socioeconomic and demographic data of 7570 residents from 2022 randomly selected households were collected through telephone interviews. The relationships between socioeconomic indicators and illnesses/choice of health care were explored using stepwise logistic regressions after adjusting for sex and age. Results Significant positive associations were noted between low household income and diabetes mellitus, any chronic illnesses among adults and flu among younger subjects; low educational level and accident-related illness among adults; being born in Chinese mainland and flu, any acute illness in adults. For the utilization of public health care, low household income was the most consistent risk factor. Conclusion This study did not demonstrate a unidirectional socioeconomic gradient in healt

关键词： Socioeconomic indicators Health status Health care need Health care utilization

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