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Manipulating the Gut Microbiome to Alleviate Steatotic Liver Disease:Current Progress and Challenges

Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 51-60页

作者： Ernesto Saenz Nathally Espinosa Montagut Baohong Wang Christoph Stein-Thöringer kaicen Wang Honglei Weng Matthias Ebert kai markus schneider Lanjuan Li Andreas Teufel Division of Hepatology Division of Clinical BioinformaticsDepartment of Medicine IIMedical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital HealthMedical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany School of Medicine Universidad de Los AndesBogotá111711Colombia State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Internal MedicineⅠ University Clinic Tuebingen&CoE CMFI(Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections)Tuebingen 72074Germany Department of MedicineⅡ Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim 69120Germany Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelberg 69117Germany Department of MedicineⅢ University Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany

The prevalence of metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is alarmingly high;it is estimated to affect up to a quarter of the global population,making it the most common liver disorder *** is characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation and is commonly associated with comorbidities such as obesity,dyslipidemia,and insulin resistance;however,it can also manifest in lean ***,it is crucial to develop effective therapies for this complex ***,there are no approved medications for MASLD treatment,so there is a pressing need to investigate alternative *** research has characterized MASLD as a multifaceted disease,frequently linked to metabolic disorders that stem from dietary *** suggests that changes in the gut microbiome play a fundamental role in the development and progression of MASLD from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and even hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In this review,we critically examine the literature on the emerging field of gut-microbiota-based therapies for MASLD and metabolicdysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH),including interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),probiotics,prebiotics,short-chain fatty acids,antibiotics,metabolic pathway targeting,and immune checkpoint kinase blockade.

关键词： Microbiome Fecal microbiota transplantation Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Fatty liver

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Thinking about worry:A systematic review and meta-analysis on the assessment of metacognitions in children and adolescents

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第9期11卷 635-658页

作者： Laura M Kocher kai schneider Hanna Christiansen Department of Psychology University of MarburgMarburg 35037Germany Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology University of LandauLandau 76829Germany

BACKGROUND The metacognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder identifies three forms of metacognition:Positive metacognitive beliefs about worry(POS),negative metacognitive beliefs about worry(NEG),and *** this model was originally developed relying on adult samples,it has since been applied to children and youth in different studies,and results mostly support its validity for this *** the roles of POS,meta-worry,and age-effects do not appear to be fully clarified for children and adolescents yet,an integration of studies on children and adolescents and the metacognitive model is both timely and *** To summarize the current research on relationships,age-effects,and measurements for POS,NEG,and meta-worry in childhood and *** We carried out a literature search in the electronic databases PsycINFO,PubMed,PSYNDEX,and ERIC in 2017 and updated in *** research in German or English language on metacognition was included with child and adolescent samples diagnosed with anxiety disorders or healthy controls if POS,NEG,or meta-worry were *** were included for meta-analysis if they reported correlations between these metacognitions and anxiety or *** rating for eligibility was done for 20.89% of full-texts with 90.32% *** of bias was assessed with the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies and consensus rating of appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies for 20.83% of included studies attaining agreement of intraclass correlation=***,correlations between metacognitions,anxiety and worry were calculated with RevMan 5.4.1,assuming random-effects ***-regressions with mean age as the covariate were performed via the online tool MetaMar ***-ID:*** Overall,k=763 records and k=78 additional records were *** those,k=48 studies with 12839 participants were included and of those,k=24 studies were included for *** studie

关键词： Metacognition Anxiety Child Adolescent Measures Meta-analysis

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Influence of wing flexibility on the aerodynamic performance of a tethered flapping bumblebee

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2020年第6期10卷 382-389页

作者： Hung Truong Thomas Engels Dmitry Kolomenskiy kai schneider Aix-Marseille Université CNRSCentrale MarseilleI2MMarseilleFrance University of Rostock Institute of BiosciencesAnimal PhysiologyRostockGermany Global Scientific Information and Computing Center Tokyo Institute of TechnologyMegurokuTokyoJapan

The sophisticated structures of flapping insect wings make it challenging to study the role of wing flexibility in insect *** this study,a mass-spring system is used to model wing structural dynamics as a thin,flexible membrane supported by a network of *** vein mechanical properties can be estimated based on their diameters and the Young's modulus of *** order to analyze the effect of wing flexibility,the Young's modulus is varied to make a comparison between two different wing models that we refer to as flexible and highly *** wing models are coupled with a pseudo-spectral code solving the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations,allowing us to investigate the influence of wing deformation on the aerodynamic efficiency of a tethered flapping *** to the bumblebee model with rigid wings,the one with flexible wings flies more efficiently,characterized by a larger lift-to-power ratio.

关键词： Insect flight Wing elasticity Mass-spring model Fluid-structure interaction Spectral method Volume penalization method

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Assessment of hemostatic profile in patients with mild to advanced liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第17期26卷 2097-2110页

作者： Elisabeth Hannah Adam Madara Mohlmann Eva Herrmann Sonia schneider kai Zacharowski Stefan Zeuzem Christian Friedrich Weber Nina Weiler Department of Anaesthesiology Intensive Care Medicine and Pain TherapyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe-University FrankfurtFrankfurt 60590Germany Department of Biostatistics and mathematical modeling University Hospital FrankfurtGoethe-University FrankfurtFrankfurt 60590Germany Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe-University FrankfurtFrankfurt 60590Germany Department of Anaesthesiology Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency MedicineAsklepios Clinics HamburgHamburg 22043Germany

BACKGROUND Hemostasis of patients suffering from liver cirrhosis is challenging due to both,pro-and anticoagulatory disorders leading to hemostatic alterations with distinct abnormalities of *** changes in conventional coagulation analysis and platelet count are common manifestations of decreased liver synthesis of coagulation factors and reduced platelet count in these ***,conventional coagulation analysis and platelet count do not reflect invivo coagulation status or platelet *** purpose of this present observational study was therefore to assess the haemostatic profile including plasmatic coagulation using thrombelastometry and impedance aggregometry for platelet function in patients suffering from liver *** To assess the hemostatic profile of cirrhotic patients according to model for endstage liver disease(MELD)*** Our study included both in-and outpatients suffering from liver cirrhosis attending the out-and inpatient care of the department of *** and biochemical data as well as medical history including cause of liver cirrhosis,end stage kidney failure and medication with anticoagulants were *** assess the hemostatic profile,platelet function was analyzed by multiple electrode aggregometry(MEA)using Multiplate^■(ADP-,ASPI-and TRAP-test)and thrombelastometry using ROTEM^■(EXTEM,INTEM,FIBTEM).Data were compared using Mann-Whitney U-or χ^*** correlation was performed to analyze the association between MELD Score and results of thrombelastometry and *** A total of 68 patients attending the out-and inpatient care suffering from liver cirrhosis were *** these,50 patients were included and assigned to groups according to MELD score 6 to 11(n=25)or≥17(n=25).Baseline patient characteristics revealed significant differences for MELD score(8 vs 22,P<0.0001)and underlying laboratory parameters(international normalized ratio,bilirubine,creatinine)as well as

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Model for end-stage liver disease Coagulopathy Multiple electrode aggregometry Thrombelastometry Hemostasis

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调控磁场解决接地开关动稳定的方法

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电工电气 2024年第2期 35-40页

作者：陈桂高韩鹏凯施耐德电气(中国)有限公司上海分公司上海200120

动稳定是中压开关设备必须具备的基本功能,动稳定测试过程中,如果动静触指之间的摩擦力及操作机构的合闸保持力无法将动静触指可靠地保持在接地合闸位置,动触指就会被短路电流产生的电动力斥开而发生熔焊甚至燃弧。借助于有限元分析,研... 详细信息

动稳定是中压开关设备必须具备的基本功能,动稳定测试过程中,如果动静触指之间的摩擦力及操作机构的合闸保持力无法将动静触指可靠地保持在接地合闸位置,动触指就会被短路电流产生的电动力斥开而发生熔焊甚至燃弧。借助于有限元分析,研究了动稳定的发生机理,解析带电导体受电动力作用的根本原因,提出一种新的解决接地开关动稳定的方法,用开口导磁环调控动触指的磁场分布,以达到降低动触指受到的电动力的目的。

关键词：导磁环电动力接地开关动稳定测试

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Association of mineral and bone biomarkers with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in the German Chronic Kidney Disease(GCKD)cohort

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 764-771页

作者： Katharina Charlotte Reimer Jennifer Nadal Heike Meiselbach Matthias Schmid Ulla T.Schultheiss Fruzsina Kotsis Helena Stockmann Nele Friedrich Matthias Nauck Vera Krane kai-Uwe Eckardt markus P.schneider Rafael Kramann Jürgen Floege Turgay Saritas Department of Nephrology Rheumatologyand Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute of Medical Biometry Informatics and EpidemiologyUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of Genetic Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Medicine IV-Nephrology and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Nephrology University Medical Center RegensburgRegensburgGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany DZHK(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site GreifswaldUniversity MedicineGreifswaldGermany Department of Medicine I Division of NephrologyUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Mineral and bone disorder(MBD)in chronic kidney disease(CKD)is tightly linked to cardiovascular disease(CVD).In this study,we aimed to compare the prognostic value of nine MBD biomarkers to determine those associated best with adverse cardiovascular(CV)outcomes and *** 5217 participants of the German CKD(GCKD)study enrolled with an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eG FR)between 30–60 mL·min-1 per 1.73 m2 or overt proteinuria,serum osteoprotegerin(OPG),C-terminal fibroblast growth factor-23(FGF23),intact parathyroid hormone(iP TH),bone alkaline phosphatase(BAP),cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen(CTX1),procollagen 1intact N-terminal propeptide(P1NP),phosphate,calcium,and 25-OH vitamin D were measured at *** with missing values among these parameters(n=971)were excluded,leaving a total of 4246 participants for *** a median follow-up of6.5 years,387 non-CV deaths,173 CV deaths,645 nonfatal major adverse CV events(MACEs)and 368 hospitalizations for congestive heart failure(CHF)were *** and FGF23 were associated with all outcomes,with the highest hazard ratios(HRs)for *** the final Cox regression model,adjusted for CV risk factors,including kidney function and all other investigated biomarkers,each standard deviation increase in OPG was associated with non-CV death(HR 1.76,95%CI:1.35–2.30),CV death(HR 2.18,95%CI:1.50–3.16),MACE(HR 1.38,95%CI:1.12–1.71)and hospitalization for CHF(HR 2.05,95%CI:1.56–2.69).Out of the nine biomarkers examined,stratification based on serum OPG best identified the CKD patients who were at the highest risk for any adverse CV outcome and mortality.

关键词： Kidney cardiovascular vitamin

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Unsteady boundary layers on flapping wings

Unsteady boundary layers on flapping wings

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23rd International Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

作者： Dmitry Kolomenskiy Keith Moffatt Marie Farge kai schneider Centre Europeen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique ToulouseFrance Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of CambridgeCambridgeUK LMD-IPSL-CNRS Ecole Normale SupérieureParisFrance M2P2-CNRS and CM Aix-Marseille UniversitéMarseilleFrance

＜正＞Flow near the trailing edges of insect wings during the high Reynolds number clap-fling-sweep process is related to unsteady stagnation-point *** solutions to this problem are *** are exact solutions of the Navi...

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Numerical simulation of vortex-induced drag of elastic swimmer models

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2017年第5期7卷 280-285页

作者： Thomas Engels Dmitry Kolomenskiy kai schneider Jorn Sesterhenn ISTA Technische Universitat BerlinBerlinMuller-Breslau-Strasse 1510623 BerlinGermany LMD-CNRS Ecole Normale Superieure24 rue Lhomond75231 Paris Cedex 05France Project Team for HPCAdvanced Predictions utilizing Big Data Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology3173-25 Showa-machiKanazawa-kuYokohama Kanagawa 236-0001Japan Institut de Mathematiques de Marseille CNRSAix-Marseille Universite39 rue F.Joliot-Curie13453 Marseille Cedex 13France

We present numerical simulations of simplified models for swimming organisms or robots, using chordwise flexible elastic plates. We focus on the tip vortices originating from three-dimensional effects due to the finite span of the plate. These effects play an important role when predicting the swimmer＇s cruising velocity, since they contribute significantly to the drag force. First we simulate swimmers with rectangular plates of different aspect ratios and compare the results with a recent experimental study. Then we consider plates with expanding and contracting shapes. We find the cruising velocity of the contracting swimmer to be higher than the rectangular one, which in turn is higher than the expanding one. We provide some evidence that this result is due to the tip vortices interacting differently with the swimmer.

关键词： Swimming Fluid–structure interaction Thrust generation Numerical simulation

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Carbon Fibre Reinforced Concrete: Dependency of Bond Strength on T<sub>g</sub>of Yarn Impregnating Polymer

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2019年第4期10卷 328-348页

作者： Iris Kruppke Marko Butler kai schneider Rolf-Dieter Hund Viktor Mechtcherine Chokri Cherif Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik Technische Universit&auml t Dresden Dresden German Institut für Baustoffe Technische Universit&auml t Dresden Dresden German

In this paper, a method for the evaluation of the influence of different polymer suspensions and environmental conditions on adhesion between an impregnated carbon fibre heavy tow and concrete for reinforcement will be proposed. For this purpose, the impregnation material itself was investigated as a polymer film before and after incubation in water and aqueous suspensions, such as NaOH and a cementitious solution, in terms of its thermal properties, swelling behaviour and morphology. Thin polymer films were manufactured and subsequently investigated with quantification of the swelling for 28 d by thermal and scanning electron microscope analysis. The effect of pull-out shear stress was evaluated to investigate parameters such as high temperature and moisture on adhesion to concrete. Contact angle measurements were used to determine the surface energy of the polymer films. All incubated polymer films yielded a change in both surface morphology and specific residues on the polymer film surface, e.g. in the form of calcium carbonate, but no change in glass-transition temperature. A high correlation between glass-transition temperature and measured shear stress was shown during single yarn pull-out tests. Furthermore, the water treatment of pull-out samples strengthened the influence for the glass-transition temperature during the adhesion test. No influence of the surface energy of the used polymer impregnation for carbon fibres on the pull-out test was detected.

关键词： Carbon Fibre Concrete Alkali Resistance Thermo-Mechanical Resistance Polymer Coating

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机械化学法制备氮化硼纳米管及纳米粒子(英文)

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材料热处理学报 2010年第9期31卷 11-14页

作者：李艳娇周敬恩赵凯 SIMON Tung ERIC schneider 席生岐朱蕊花金属材料强度国家重点实验室西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院陕西西安710049 西安高科技研究所陕西西安710025 通用汽车公司研发中心

通过高能球磨及随后的退火过程,在同一实验参数下制备了氮化硼纳米管和纳米粒子。制备的氮化硼纳米管呈竹节状,直径为20～100nm,长度约为几个微米。制备的氮化硼纳米粒子尺寸均匀,大部分呈圆片状,少数为球状;直径为20～100nm,多数粒子... 详细信息

通过高能球磨及随后的退火过程,在同一实验参数下制备了氮化硼纳米管和纳米粒子。制备的氮化硼纳米管呈竹节状,直径为20～100nm,长度约为几个微米。制备的氮化硼纳米粒子尺寸均匀,大部分呈圆片状,少数为球状;直径为20～100nm,多数粒子直径为70nm。同一制备参数下形成不同形态氮化硼纳米材料的原因在于氮化硼米管及纳米粒子的形成机理不同。

关键词：氮化硼纳米粒子纳米管制备

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