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Intrigues and Challenges Associated with COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria

Health 2020年第8期12卷 954-971页

作者： kabiru olusegun akinyemi Christopher Oladimeji Fakorede A. Abdul Azeez Anjorin Rebecca Omotoyosi Abegunrin Olabisi Adunmo Samuel Oluwasegun Ajoseh Funmilayo Monisola Akinkunmi Department of Microbiology Lagos State University Ojo Lagos Nigeria

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has emerged as a global health crisis, with 3,855,788 infected persons and 256,862 deaths worldwide as of May 9, 2020. In Nigeria, the first case of the pandemic was reported by the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control on February 27, 2020. Between the dates when the index case was reported and May 9, 2020, the nation has recorded a total of 4151 confirmed COVID-19 cases from 25,951 samples screened and 745 (18%) cases discharged with 128 deaths indicating a case fatality rate of 3.1%. Thirty-four (34) States and the Federal Capital Territory have recorded coronavirus disease. The most affected States in Nigeria is Lagos (epicentre of COVID-19) with 1764 cases, followed by 576 cases in Kano states and only one COVID-19 case in Anambra State 42 days since the last report of index case. Demographically, a total of 2828 male subjects have been infected representing 68% and 1323 female subjects representing 32%. The age group 31 - 40 years is mostly affected accounting for 24%. The number of people with travel history is 210 (5%), 947 (23%) contacts, 2618 (63%) without epidemiological link and 376 (9%) with an incomplete information. Nigeria is currently witnessing community transmission of COVID-19. Some observed issues aiding community transmission of COVID-19 in Nigeria are: the distrust of some Nigeria citizens towards government on COVID-19 management, poverty, religious beliefs, ignorance on face mask sharing, low level of informed populace, misconceptions, stigmatization of infected individuals, poor health facilities, inadequate testing Centre, shortage of health workers, poor treatment among others. Effective people’s health preventive behaviour and community-based health policy and strategies to mitigate these challenges are therein suggested.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Challenges Health Nigeria

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Making the Genotypic Variation Visible:Hyperspectral Phenotyping in Scots Pine Seedlings

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 790-804页

作者： Jan Stejskal Jaroslav Čepl Eva Neuwirthová olusegun Olaitan akinyemi Jiří Chuchlík Daniel Provazník Markku Keinänen Petya Campbell Jana Albrechtová Milan Lstiburek Zuzana Lhotáková Department of Genetics and Physiology of Forest Trees Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Department of Experimental Plant Biology Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Center for Photonic Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA

Hyperspectral reflectance contains valuable information about leaf functional traits,which can indicate a plant's physiological ***,using hyperspectral reflectance for high-throughput phenotyping of foliar traits could be a powerful tool for tree breeders and nursery practitioners to distinguish and select seedlings with desired adaptation potential to local *** evaluated the use of 2 nondestructive methods(i.e.,leaf and proximal/canopy)measuring hyperspectral reflectance in the 350-to 2,500-nm range for phenotyping on 1,788 individual Scots pine seedlings belonging to lowland and upland ecotypes of 3 different local populations from the Czech ***-level measurements were collected using a spectroradiometer and a contact probe with an internal light source to measure the biconical reflectance factor of a sample of needles placed on a black background in the contact probe field of *** proximal canopy measurements were collected under natural solar light,using the same spectroradiometer with fiber optical cable to collect data on individual seedlings'hemispherical conical reflectance *** latter method was highly susceptible to changes in incoming *** spectral datasets showed statistically significant differences among Scots pine populations in the whole spectral ***,using random forest and support vector machine learning algorithms,the proximal data obtained from the top of the seedlings offered up to 83%accuracy in predicting 3 different Scots pine *** conclude that both approaches are viable for hyperspectral phenotyping to disentangle the phenotypic and the underlying genetic variation within Scots pine seedlings.

关键词： Scots forest reflectance

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Vended foods in Lagos, Nigeria: A potential reservoir for the spread of emerging strains of drug resistant bacteria

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Health 2013年第4期5卷 675-680页

作者： kabiru olusegun Akinyem Muibat O. Fashola Nene Habib Esther Akinwande Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria

Background and Aims: Food is of paramount importance to the sustenance of human health, on that basis this study was initiated with a view to determining bacterial agents associated with the vended foods and to investigating antibacterial resistance of the isolates. Methods: Twelve food samples from vendors were randomly collected from ten locations within Lagos environs. The food samples were analyzed bacteriologically by standard methods. The isolates were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard procedures. Results: The total plate counts of bacteria recorded was between 2.98 × 103 cfu/g in Jollofrice and 4.09 × 104 cfu/g in Salad. Seventy-six bacterial isolates made up of six genera;Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Alcaligenes spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Serratia marcensens and Proteus spp. were identified. Most of the bacterial isolates were moderately sensitive to cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, amoxicillin and nitrofurantion except in S. Typhimurium with less than 50% susceptibility. Also over 60% of the pathogens isolated were inhibited by ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, and levofloxacin antibiotics and most strains of E. coli, S. Typhimurium and K. pneumoniae were resistant to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriazone. Conclusion: The study revealed gross contamination of various vended foods. It also indicated that vended foods are potential reservoir for the spread of emerging multiple drug resistant bacteria strains that pose threat to public health. There is a need for intensive surveillance to avoid possible outbreak of food- borne diseases resulting from consumption of contaminated vended foods.

关键词： Antibiotics Bacteria Contamination Reservoir Resistance Vended Foods

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Isolation and Identification of Bacteria Found in the Milt of Cultured Clarias gariepinus

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Journal of Fisheries Science 2022年第2期4卷 9-14页

作者： Folalu Adekunle Awe Ayofe Mutalib Hammed Olamiwaye Akintade Adeboyejo olusegun Olufemi Whenu Oluwatosin Modupe Olarinmoye Gabriel Olarinde Mekuleyi Jesuyon Joseph Hungbo Akanji Adeolu akinyemi Olufunmilayo Adebimpe Olanloye Department of Fisheries Faculty of ScienceLagos State UniversityOjoLagos StateNigeria Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management College of Environmental Resources ManagementFederal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria Department of Pure and Applied Botany College of BiosciencesFederal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria

This study investigated bacteria that are associated with milt in cultured samples of African catfish-Clarias *** broodstocks of Clarias gariepinus were collected from private Fish Farm in Ogun State,Nigeria,while the fish’s milt was collected and analyzed for microbial load at laboratory of the Department of Microbiology,Federal University of Agriculture,Abeokuta,Ogun *** molecular characterization of the amplicon was done at International Institute of Tropical Agriculture,***-edit was used for importing and mining nucleotide sequences into gene *** revealed by the results,bacterial organisms that were present in the milt of Clarias gariepinus are Aeromonas caviae,Proteus mirabilis,Serratia rubidaea,Pseudomonas mosselii,Acinetobacter soli and Klebsiella *** Basic Local Alignment Search Tools revealed the percentage similarity ranging from 86%-97.04%and their accession *** bacteria indicated high levels of faecal contamination in the *** conclusion,bacteria were found in the milt of cultured catfish and are capable of being pathogenic to humans and may increase the vertical transfer to fry during breeding and rearing ***,fish farmers should maintain a hygiene and serene environment during breeding and culturing of catfish.

关键词： Milt Clarias gariepinus Bacteria Molecular method

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