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Activated Protein C Resistance in Patients with Pre-Eclampsia in Lagos, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 575-590页

作者： Nosimot O. Davies Titilope A. Adeyemo Sunday I. Omisakin Akaninyene A. Udousoro kabiru A. Rabiu Department of Haematology and blood Transfusion College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria

Background: Preeclampsia is reported to complicate 2% - 8% of pregnancies globally and is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aetiology and pathogenesis are still poorly understood and substantial improvement has not been made in the prediction, prevention and treatment of the disease. Objective: To compare the frequency of activated protein C resistance (APC-R) in patients with pre-eclampsia to that of normotensive pregnant women and to determine the correlation between activated protein ratio (APC-ratio) and the severity of pre-eclampsia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 100 pre-eclamptic patients and 100 normotensive pregnant controls. The APC-ratio was determined using the modified activated partial thromboplastin time. Study participants with APC-ratio of less than 2.0 were defined as having APC-R. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Mean APC-ratio was significantly lower in pre-eclamptics (2.89 ± 1.70) compared to normotensive pregnant women (3.57 ± 1.06) (p = 0.0008) and the levels were also higher in mild (2.95 ± 1.15) compared to severe pre-eclamptics (2.62 ± 1.14). The frequency of APC-R was 26% among women with pre-eclampsia compared to 4% among normotensive controls (p = 0.000). Among 100 pre-eclamptic women 7 (21.2%) out of 33 with mild pre–eclampsia had APC-R, while 19 (28.4%) out of 67 with severe pre-eclampsia had APC-R. APC-ratio had a significant negative correlation with mean arterial blood pressure (r = −0.324;p = 0.000) and proteinuria (r = −0.379;p = 0.000) among study participants. Conclusion: The frequency of activated protein c resistance is significantly higher in pre-eclamptics compared to normotensive pregnant women and this is more pronounced in those with severe pre-eclampsia compared with those with mild disease. APC-R may therefore be used as a marker of severity in the disease.

关键词： Activated Protein C Resistance Activated Protein C Ratio Pre-Eclampsia

Environmental Mapping of Potential Habitats for Anthropod Vectors of Trypanosomiasis in Northern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第9期9卷 34-51页

作者： Sadiq abdullahi Yelwa kabiru Bilalu Abdulhamid Yahuza Nura Garba Department of Environmental and Resources Management Faculty of Engineering and Environmental Design Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria

This paper presents analysis of a cost effective methodology using remotely sensed data analysed within a geographical systems (GIS) environment for mapping out potential habitats of anthropod vectors responsible for trypanosomiasis in northern Nigeria. These geographical locations are areas with high population of livestock in Nigeria. Animal Trypanosomiasis is considered as an arthropod-borne viral disease which is endemic in about 37 countries of the sub-Saharan Africa and in particular northern Nigeria. This anthropod-borne viral disease remains a threat to both humans and livestock in many communities, and the outbreak of such diseases is shown to relate to fluctuations in the changing climate mostly experienced whenever there are changes in global precipitation which also relates to changes in sea surface temperatures otherwise known as “El Niňo Southern Oscillations” (ENSO). Monthly Satellite imageries in the form of Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at 250 meters spatial resolution obtained from NASA-MODIS/CMD were subjected to principal component analysis utilizing the standardize

关键词： Trypanosomiasis Habitat Cost Effective Measures Principal Component Analysis (PCA) El–Niño Southern Oscillations (ENSO)

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in certified food-handlers working in food establishments in the City of Nairobi,Kenya

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2012年第2期26卷 84-89页

作者： Paul Kamau Penina Aloo Obudho Ephantus kabiru Kepha Ombacho Bernard Langat Obadiah Mucheru Laban Ireri Department of Zoological Sciences Kenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation NairobiKenya Department of Pathology Kenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya Institute of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobiKenya Division of Vector Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases EmbuKenya

Most intestinal parasites are cosmopolitan with the highest prevalence in the tropics and subtopics. Rural-to-urban migration rapidly increases the number of food eating places in towns and their environs. Some of these eating estabishments have poor sanitation and are overcrowded, facilitating disease transmission, especially through food-handling. Our investigations in Nairobi, therefore, were set to determine the presence of intestinal parasites in food-handlers with valid medical certificates. Direct and concentrated stool processing techniques were used. Chisquare test and ANOVA were used for data analysis. The parasites Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were observed in certified food-handlers. Significant difference was found in parasite frequency by eating classes and gender （χ^2 = 9.49, P = 0.73）, （F = 1.495, P = 0.297）, but not in parasite occurrence between age brackets （χ^2 = 6.99, P = 0.039）. The six-month medical certificate validity period may contribute significantly to the presence of intestinal parasites in certified food-handlers.

关键词： parasites food-handlers medical certificate food establishments

Corporate Social Responsibility Projects by Transnational Oil Corporations in Nigerian Niger Delta Region： The Experiences of Selected Oil Producing Communities

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Economics World 2014年第3期2卷 152-160页

作者： kabiru Isa Dandago Love Obiani Arugu Universiti Utara Malaysia Kedah Darul Aman Malaysia Federal University Bayelsa State Nigeria

A well-known fact about the Nigerian Niger Delta region is incessant conflicts between the oil transnational corporations (Oil TNCs) and the oil producing communities. This could be attributed to the fact that the activities of Oil TNCs have continued to unleash untold devastation on the environment of the oil producing communities and its consequences on the local economy and by extension the total obliteration of the livelihood of the inhabitants of the area. Therefore, the Oil TNCs are increasingly becoming conscious of their devastating impact on the ecology of the area and their blatant disregard for the socio-economic development of the host communities. Consequently, the Oil TNCs have come to embrace the idea of executing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) projects as a vehicle to intervene meaningfully in order to mitigate the adverse effect of their operations in host communities. This paper attempts a review and analysis of CSR practices of the two major Oil TNCs in Bayelsa State: Shell and Agip in six host communities: Olugboboro, Olugbobiri, Ikebiri 1, Oporoma, Angiama, and Peremabiri in Southern Ijaw local government area. The key question explored in this study is: Has the practice of CSR in the Nigerian Niger Delta region by Oil TNCs brought about socio-economic development and drastic reduction in conflict between the host communities and the Oil TNCs? The paper argues that CSR projects of transnational oil corporations in Nigeria are driven by short-term expediency rather than the long term development needs of host communities through the provision of poor quality social amenities to these communities in order to secure social license to operate. For transnational oil corporations to make positive impact in the Nigerian Niger Delta Region, their CSR projects should be long tern in nature, taking into consideration the sustainable development needs of the local communities. The CSR projects should be in the form of high quality social amenities a

关键词：世界经济政策规划经济问题

Social Dimensions of Musculoskeletal Pain Experiences among the Elderly in Southwestern Nigeria

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Health 2019年第7期11卷 953-970页

作者： Matthew Ayegboyin kabiru K. Salami Department of Sociology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Musculoskeletal pain (MS pain) in the elderly has attracted more medical focus than its social dimensions. This cross-sectional survey design study, conducted in southwestern Nigeria, through a multi-stage sampling technique, documented reported MS pain in 1280 consented elderly using 3-scale pain experiences categorized as acute, semi-acute, and chronic. Also, 12 In-depth Interviews (IDIs) among elderly persons, and 15 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) among orthodox- and traditional medicine practitioners were conducted. The age of the respondents was 65.5 ± 4, while about half (51.1%) had no formal education. Majority (76.8%) of the respondents perceived MS pain as normal process of old age. Occupational life history of the respondents ranked the highest as perceived reason for having MS pain, while the knees (19.6%) were the most identified pained location among others in the body. A high significant relationship between neck and shoulders pain (χ2 = 0.000) was however found. Social construction dimensions of the elderly were narrated, while MS pain was considered as sickness of the elders. There is need for orientation for the elderly and their helpers on the social dimensions of old age relative to Nigeria.

关键词： Ageing Population Older Persons Musculoskeletal Pain Social Dimensions Social Security

Household Environment and Malaria in Pregnancy in Ibadan, Nigeria

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Health 2018年第4期10卷 403-421页

作者： kabiru K. Salami Nneka L. Umego Department of Sociology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Introduction: Malaria in pregnancy, which enormously creates substantial risks for the mother and her fetus, is a public health problem in Nigeria. Design and Methods: Through questionnaire administration, this cross-sectional survey investigates the influence of the household environment on malaria preventive and treatment behaviors among 300 pregnant women in two selected areas of Oyo State, Nigeria. In addition, four focus group discussions and four in-depth interviews were conducted, all between October 2015 and March, 2016. Results: Findings from the study indicate a positive relationship between income level (P = 0.000), educational level (P = 0.000) and preventive behavior and perception of malaria. There, however, is a negative relationship (P = 0.122) between place of residence and number of malaria episodes of the respondents. A high awareness on the cause of Malaria was recorded in this study, while a low awareness on the consequences of malaria infection in Pregnancy was visible. Conclusion and Recommendation: The household environment of pregnant women was found a key predictor in the prevention and treatment of malaria in both rural and urban areas of Oyo State Nigeria. Nationwide programme aimed at reducing malaria especially among pregnant women is needed in Nigeria.

关键词： Household Attributes Social Environment Malaria Preventive Behavior Pregnancy Maternal and Child Health

Health-seeking behavior of migrant beggars in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

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Health 2013年第4期5卷 792-804页

作者： kabiru K. Salami Aishat O. Olugbayo Department of Sociology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Most studies on beggars in Nigeria have focused exclusively on the social course of indigenous begging activities in Nigerian cities. There exists dearth of knowledge about international migrant beggars and their health-seeking behavior in Ibadan Southwestern Nigeria. A cross sectional survey data were collected through purposive sampling technique among a total of 250 international migrant beggars in six locations in Ibadan. Results showed that 56% of respondents were female, few had formal education, 85.6% were married, and 94.8% were Muslim. Respondents migrated from Niger (83.6%), Chad (11.2%), Mali (4.0%) and Benin (1.2%). None had a legal residence permit. Respondents’ mean residence duration in Nigeria was 8.5 years. Malaria was common to beggars both in their home country and in Nigeria. Treatment was received from patent medicine vendors by 51.2% respondents. Advice for appropriate treatment for illness was received from family members by 44.4% migrant beggars. Sex and country of beggars have a direct relationship with the treatment seeking (P Financial and legal status of migrant beggars dynamically limited their healthcare choices. Routine health education on hygiene practice and appropriate treatment-seeking should be taken to beggars at their different locations by health workers as means of prevention of the spread of diseases.

关键词： Begging Health-Seeking Behavior Migrant Beggar Migration Nigeria Treatment

Vended foods in Lagos, Nigeria: A potential reservoir for the spread of emerging strains of drug resistant bacteria

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Health 2013年第4期5卷 675-680页

作者： kabiru Olusegun Akinyem Muibat O. Fashola Nene Habib Esther Akinwande Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria

Background and Aims: Food is of paramount importance to the sustenance of human health, on that basis this study was initiated with a view to determining bacterial agents associated with the vended foods and to investigating antibacterial resistance of the isolates. Methods: Twelve food samples from vendors were randomly collected from ten locations within Lagos environs. The food samples were analyzed bacteriologically by standard methods. The isolates were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard procedures. Results: The total plate counts of bacteria recorded was between 2.98 × 103 cfu/g in Jollofrice and 4.09 × 104 cfu/g in Salad. Seventy-six bacterial isolates made up of six genera;Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Alcaligenes spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Serratia marcensens and Proteus spp. were identified. Most of the bacterial isolates were moderately sensitive to cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, amoxicillin and nitrofurantion except in S. Typhimurium with less than 50% susceptibility. Also over 60% of the pathogens isolated were inhibited by ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, and levofloxacin antibiotics and most strains of E. coli, S. Typhimurium and K. pneumoniae were resistant to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriazone. Conclusion: The study revealed gross contamination of various vended foods. It also indicated that vended foods are potential reservoir for the spread of emerging multiple drug resistant bacteria strains that pose threat to public health. There is a need for intensive surveillance to avoid possible outbreak of food- borne diseases resulting from consumption of contaminated vended foods.

关键词： Antibiotics Bacteria Contamination Reservoir Resistance Vended Foods

基于聚乳酸羟乙酸共聚物的青蒿琥酯纳米颗粒的制备,及其抗疟活性和毒性评价（英文）

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2017年第11期18卷 977-985页

作者： kabiru DAUDA Zulaikha BUSARI Olajumoke MORENIKEJI Funmilayo AFOLAYAN Oyetunde OYEYEMI Jairam MEENA Debasis SAHU Amulya PAND A Department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Department of Basic Sciences(Biology Programme) Babcock Universityllishan-Remo 121103Nigeria Product Development Cell National Institute of ImmunologyAruna Asaf Ali MargNew Delhi 110067India

目的:为疟疾治疗制定基于聚合物的青蒿琥酯纳米粒。创新点:以聚乳酸羟乙酸共聚物(PLGA)为载体,制备青蒿琥酯纳米颗粒。并以小鼠为模型,评估其抗疟疗效和安全性。方法:以PLGA为载体,采用从单一的水包油乳剂中进行溶剂蒸发的方法制备青蒿... 详细信息

目的:为疟疾治疗制定基于聚合物的青蒿琥酯纳米粒。创新点:以聚乳酸羟乙酸共聚物(PLGA)为载体,制备青蒿琥酯纳米颗粒。并以小鼠为模型,评估其抗疟疗效和安全性。方法:以PLGA为载体,采用从单一的水包油乳剂中进行溶剂蒸发的方法制备青蒿琥酯纳米颗粒。借助X射线衍射和差示扫描量热分析对纳米颗粒进行表征。以4 mg/kg的剂量对感染疟原虫的雄性瑞士白化小鼠进行体内抗疟活性的研究,测定血液和肝毒性的相关指标。体外实验以小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞细胞系RAW 264.7为模型,在7.8~1000μg/ml浓度范围内,测定游离型和包裹型青蒿琥酯的细胞毒性。结论:实验结果表明,纳米颗粒的粒径为(329.3±21.7)nm,包封率为(38.4±10.1)%。与游离青蒿琥酯(58.2%)相比,基于PLGA的青蒿琥酯纳米颗粒(Art-PLGA)具有较高的抑虫率(62.6%),P<0.05。就血小板计数结果而言,对照组(305 000.00±148 492.40)明显地高于游离青蒿琥酯组(139 500.00±20 506.10)和Art-PLGA组(163 500.00±3535.53),P<0.05。因此,药物的使用没有导致肝毒性的产生。体外细胞毒性试验结果表明,Art-PLGA的半数抑制浓度(IC50,468.0μg/ml)显著高于游离青蒿琥酯(7.3μg/ml),P<0.05。基于PLGA的青蒿琥酯纳米颗粒是一种有效安全的抗疟治疗方法。

关键词：青蒿琥酯-PLGA缓释系统抗疟原虫毒性