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Hyperprolactinemia in Hospitals in Lomé: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 43-52页

作者： Tchamdja Toyi Djalogue Lihanimpo Kodjo Kossi ganu Koudjo ka.ga.la.oni yéba.mossi komi edem M’bortché B. Kodjo Djibril Mohaman Awalou balaka Abago Internal Medicine Departement University de Kara Kara Togo Internal Medicine Departement Université of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction. Hyperprolactinemia represents a supraphysiological secretion of prolactin. In clinical practice, it is the most frequently encountered anterior pituitary disorder. However, its real prevalence is little known in Africa. The purpose of this study is to list all cases of hyperprolactinemia over the past four years and to make an inventory of the various etiologies found and their management. Methodology. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study on the files of patients who came for consultation in the internal medicine and endocrinology department with hyperprolactinemia retrospectively collected from January 2017 to December 2020. Included were patients followed or whose the diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia was established in endocrinological consultation during the study period. Results. This study recorded 26 cases of hyperprolactinemia. The female sex represented 73.08% (sex ratio M/F 0.37) and the average age was 33.92 years. The 40 - 50 age group was the most represented with 30.77%. In women, galactorrhea accounted for 73.07%, amenorrhea 57.69% of clinical pictures and infertility 23.08%. In men, infertility accounted for 7.69% of presentations, gynecomastia 11.54% and erectile dysfunction 15.38%. The duration of evolution of the signs was 4 months in 23.08% of the patients. The mean prolactinemia was 702.58 ng/ml. CT was performed in 80.85% of patients. The main etiologies were pituitary adenomas (77%). All our patients were treated with dopaminergic agonists. Cabergoline was prescribed in 77% of patients. The evolution was favorable in 96.25% of patients. Conclusion. Hyperprolactinemia is a pathology that exists in our regions. The main etiology remains pituitary adenomas and treatment with cabergoline.

关键词： Hyperprolactinemia Hospital Environment CHU SO Togo

Viral Hepatitis B and C: Epidemiological, Clinical and Paraclinical Aspects in the Internal Medicine Department of kaRA University Hospital in Togo

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 131-139页

作者： Lihanimpo Djalogue mossi komi edem El Hadj yacoubou Tchamdja Toyi Djagadou Kodjo Agbeko balaka Abago Djibril Mohaman Awalou Internal Medicine Department University of Kara Kara Togo Internal Medicine Department University of Lome Lome Togo Hepato-gastroenterology Department University of Kara Lomé Togo

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B and C constitute real public health problems worldwide. The objective of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of viral hepatitis B and c in the internal medicine department of kara University Hospital. Method: this was a retrospective descriptive study carried out in the Internal Medicine department of kara University Hospital, over a period of 3 years from March 2020 to April 2023. It included all patients seen in consultation or hospitalized for hepatitis viral B and/or C. Results: A total of 57 patients were included in our study. The average age was 44.30 years ± 16.75 and the M/F sex ratio was 1.38. Married people were in the majority 63.2%. The circumstances of the discovery of viral hepatitis B and C were dominated by abdominal pain in 35.1% of cases and hepatomegaly in 29.8% of cases and in 33.3% of cases, it was during screening voluntary. Patients with viral hepatitis B only accounted for 64.9% of cases;those with only viral hepatitis C represented 31.6% of cases and 3.5% of cases had HVB/HCV co-infection. We recorded 36.8% complications including 52.4% liver cirrhosis and 47.6% hepatocellular carcinomas. During the evolution, there were 03 deaths. Conclusion: the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus carriage in patients followed in internal medicine at kara University Hospital is high. It is therefore essential to put in place treatment and prevention strategies against these viruses.

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Internal Medicine kara University Hospital

Pituitary Adenoma Complicated by Acute bacterial Meningitis in a Patient in kara (Togo)

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2023年第4期13卷 364-370页

作者： Lihanimpo Djalogue Leleng Agba komi edem mossi Toyi Tchamdja Kodjo Agbeko Djagadou Abago balaka Mohaman Awalou Djibril Internal Medicine Department of kara University Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Neurology Department of kara University Hospital University of Kara Kara Togo Internal Medicine Department of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital University of Lomé Lomé Togo Internal Medicine Department of Campus University Hospital University of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: In the context of pituitary adenoma, bacterial meningitis is a possible complication of surgical or medical treatment. The occurrence of meningitis before any treatment is exceptional, explained by the existence of an osteomeningeal breach caused by the adenoma whose main symptom is rhinorrhea. Case Report: We report a case of bacterial meningitis complicating a prolactin pituitary macroadenoma. The patient had been referred for jet vomiting in a febrile context preceded by headaches and visual blurring. There was no rhinorrhea. The examination revealed a meningeal syndrome and the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis was made. The isolated germ was the pneumococcus. Faced with headaches and visual blurring, a cerebral scan revealed a pituitary macroadenoma and pituitary hormone dosage had shown hyperprolactinemia. The meningitis was sterilized and the prolactinoma was treated with dopaminergic agonists. This allowed the normalization of prolactinemia and the disappearance of symptoms. Conclusion: The pituitary adenoma was complicated by bacterial meningitis without treatment and the presence of a meningeal breach. Hormonal and bacterial treatments have been successful.

关键词： Pituitary Adenoma Prolactin Meningitis

Dyslipidemia in People Living with HIV on Anti-Retroviral Treatment: Case of the Ambulatory Treatment Center (ATC) of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital of Lome

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2019年第4期9卷 141-157页

作者： Abdou Razak Moukaila Lidaw Déassoua bawe edem komi mossi Akessiwe Akouda Patassi yawovi Mawufemo Tsevi komi Dzidzonu Nemi laconi yéba kaaga Rissikatou Ewetola Agbeko Kodjo Djagadou Abago balaka Majesté Ihou Wateba Awalou Mohaman Djibril Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio Lomé University of Lomé Lomé Togo Departement of Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé University of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé University of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a significant cardiovascular risk factor in patients living with HIV (PLWHIV). Few data are available in Togo. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in PLWHIV on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of patients followed at the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital’s infectious diseases department for six months. The study population consisted of any PLWHIV patient on HAART over 18 years of age who had been regularly monitored and had a serum lipid fraction assay. Results: Two hundred and eighty-four patients were included. 75.4% were women. The median age was 46 years (IQR: 39 - 52) and the median CD4 count was 461 cel/U1 (IQR: 330 - 607). Eighty-three percent of the patients had suppressed viral load. The median duration of follow-up under antiretroviral treatment antiretroviral treatment was 4.18 years (IQR: 2 - 7). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 72.5%. HDL hypocholesterolemia (HDL-c Conclusion: Our study revealed a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients on HAART as well as associated factors. To this end, it is necessary to insist on screening for dyslipidemia before and after initiation of HAART in order to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular events in PLWHIV.

关键词： Dyslipidemia HIV/AIDS Togo HAART

Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Retrospective Review of 83 Confirmed Cases, Observed in Radiology in Lomé(TOGO)

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Open Journal of Radiology 2016年第1期6卷 49-55页

作者： Mazamaesso Tchaou Tchin Darre komi edem mossi lantam Sonhaye Mohaman Djibril Awereou Kotosso lama Agoda-Koussema Komlan Adjenou Koffi N’Dakena Department of Radiology Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Pathology laboratory Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Internal Medicine Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo

background: Tuberculosis primarily affects lungs, but all organs may be affected. Extra-pulmonary forms of tuberculosis cause a big public health problem as it is diagnosed late. This delay in diagnosis is not only due to the delay in the examination, but also due to difficulties related to extra-pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic. Aim: To describe the different locations of extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis and its aspects in Togo. Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases diagnosed by imaging over five years (January 2010 to December 2015) was done. All the cases were confirmed either by direct examination of biological fluids or by histological analysis of biopsy and surgical samples or by culture on specific area. Data were collected from the Department of Radiology, from Microbiology laboratory of the Pneumo-phthisiology unit and from Pathology laboratory of Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Results: A total of 83 cases of extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis had been taken into account: 45 men and 38 women, with a maximum number of cases (66.3%) in the age group between 20 to 40 years old. An HIV infection was known in 51 patients (61.4%). Pulmonary damage was associated in 21 patients (25.3%). A total of 116 extra-pulmonary tuberculosis locations were recorded. Damages were pleural in 37.1% (43), ganglion in 24.1% (28), osteo-articular in 15.5% (18), abdominal in 12.9% (15), military represented 8.6% (10), a case of testicular damage, and a case of mammary tuberculosis. Conclusion: The medical scanning based on conventional radiography, ultrasonography and TDM is indispensable for the diagnosis and the care taking of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis since some locations may be confused with many other diseases and lead to misdiagnosis errors and delay the treatment.

关键词： Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Radiography Ultrasonography Computed Tomography Diagnostic Africa Togo

High Blood Pressure and Pregnancy in a Hospital Environment in Lomé: Prognostic and Clinical Epidemiological Aspects

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2020年第1期10卷 96-101页

作者： Abago balaka Toyi Tchamdja Kodjo Agbeko Djagadou Akila bassowa komi Dzidzonu Némi Lihanimpo Djalogue komi edem mossi Abou-bakari Tchala Mohaman Awalou Djibril Internal Medicine Unit Lomé Togo Health Science Faculty University of Lomé Lomé Togo Health Science Faculty University of Kara Kara Togo Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit Lomé Togo

Objectives: Study the prognostic, clinical and epidemiological profile of high blood pressure and pregnancy association at the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital (CHU Sylvanus Olympio) of Lomé. Patients and Method: It is about a retrospective study that is carried out at the gynecology-obstetrics unit from January to December 2016. Pregnant women with High Blood Pressure after delivery were concerned. Results: In total, 767 pregnant women with High Blood Pressure out of 12107 were taken. The frequency of HBP-pregnancy association was 6.33%. The 21 to 30 bracket age was the most represented (53.71%). The most common risk factor was the overweight or over-obseness (41.98%). Other risk factors were the first delivery and maternal age superior to 30 years old. Common clinical cases described in the study are the same as a predominance of preeclampsia. Caesarean has been the common method of delivering with foetal complications of prematurity type, neonatal suffering and hypotrophy. Conclusion: HBP-pregnancy association is a public health concern with serious foetal maternal complications. The prevention of this association is of great importance.

关键词： HTA-Pregnancy Complication Prognostic Lomé (Togo)

Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV in Lome (Togo): Epidemiological Aspects and Associated Factors

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2020年第4期10卷 59-75页

作者： Abdou Razak Moukaila edem komi mossi Mouhaman-Inouwa Kpelafia komi Dzidzonu Nemi Kossi Kodjo Agbeko Kodjo Djagadou Lidaw Déassoua bawe Akessiwe Akouda Patassi yawovi Mawufemo Tsevi Ihou Majesté Wateba Awalou Mohaman Djibril Department of Internal Medecine Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital University of Lome Lome Togo Diabetes Academic Afrique Lome Togo Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital University of Lome Lome Togo Department of Cardiology Campus University Hospital University of Lome Lome Togo Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital University of Lome Lome Togo

Introduction: People living with HIV (PLWHIV) are exposed to Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which increases their risk of having cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. No data on this subject is available in Togo. Objective: The objective of our study was to make an inventory of the metabolic syndrome among PLWHIV in Togo. Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study on PLWHIV received at the day hospital of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital for a period of six months. Results: A total of 279 PLWHIV patients were enrolled, of which 237 (84.9%) were on Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) and 42 (15.1%) were naive. Metabolic syndrome has been demonstrated in 28.7% of the study population. Abdominal obesity was the most represented component of MS with a proportion of 57.7%. Risk factors associated with MS were female sex (OR = 3.01;CI: 1.52 - 5.93;p 2 (OR = 3.29;CI: 1.92 - 5.64;p 3 (OR = 1.85;CI: 1.06 - 3.20;p Conclusion: There is a need to screen MS for PLWHIV so that risk factors associated with it can be addressed early.

关键词： HIV HAART Metabolic Syndrome Dyslipidemia Hypertension Hyperglycemia Togo

Impact of Composts Maturity on Growth and Agronomic Parameters of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2021年第2期12卷 29-45页

作者： Mawuli Tamakloe edem komi Koledzi Etsè Aziable Maglwa Tcha-Thom Nitale M’balikine Krou laboratory of Waste Management Treatment and Recovery (Laboratory GTVD) Faculty of Sciences University of Lomé Lomé Togo laboratory of Sanitation Water Science and Environment (LSEE) Faculty of Science and Technology University of Kara Kara Togo

Several methods have been developed in the literature which allow the maturity of composts to be assessed before it is used in agriculture. The objective of this study is to assess the maturity of the composts produced at the platform of the NGO ENPRO in Lomé on the growth and agronomic parameters of maize (Zea mays L., var. IKENE). To do so, three types of compost (gargabe, fruit waste, animal litter) were made for at least 3 months. The chemical analysis, phytotoxicity and agronomic tests carried out made it possible to assess the maturity of these composts. Indeed, the evolution of the C/N ratio, of the electrical conductivity, the phytotoxicity tests and the growth parameters of the composts show that the composts N°1 and N°2 are mature at the end of the 3rd month of composting while the compost N°3 can only be considered mature at the end of the 5th month of composting. But, with a yield of 2.39 ± 0.28 t/ha and a mass of 1000 grains of 346 ± 4 g, the treatment at 5 t/ha of compost N°3, has the best agronomic parameters compared to other types of compost and treatment without organic amendment. These results also show that compost with a high electrical conductivity has an inhibitory effect on the growth of corn plants (Zea mays L., var. IKENE). basic chemical analysis, phytotoxicity tests and height growth of maize (Zea mays L., var. IKENE) are relatively efficient methods for evaluating the maturity of composts.

关键词： Compost Phytotoxicity Agronomic Parameters Growth Maize (Zea mays L. var. IKENE)

Urological Emergencies at kara Teaching Hospital (Togo): Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Profile

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Open Journal of Urology 2023年第1期13卷 1-8页

作者： komi Hola Sikpa Tchilabalo Matchonna Kpatcha Kodjo Tengue Gnimdou Botcho Edoe Viyome Sewa Sabi Rachid Sade Messan Semefa Agbedey Pwerew Rodolphe Plante Kossi edem Gueouguede kara Teaching Hospital Kara Togo

background: The urology department of the teaching hospital of kara is the second urology department in Togo, after that of the teaching hospital Sylvanus Olympio, in Lomé the capital. It is a very young service, created less than 5 years ago. Urological emergencies were previously managed by general surgeons, for lack of urologists. The influx of patients with urological pathologies has increased with the arrival of urologists. The update on urological emergencies having been made in Lomé, we therefore wanted to take stock of urological emergencies at the teaching hospital of kara. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of urological emergencies received at the teaching hospital of kara. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection. The study took place in the urology department, and in the surgical emergency department of the teaching hospital of kara, over a period of 18 months, from January 2021 to June 2022. The on-call medical team consisted of the intern in on-call medicine, and an on-call urologist, whom the intern called upon when he received a urological emergency. Pediatric urological emergencies were managed by the pediatric surgeon and were not considered in our study. The operating room register, the surgical emergency consultation register, the urology department consultation register, and the records of patients hospitalized in the urology department were used for data collection. The following parameters were studied: age, sex, type of urological emergency, and therapeutic management;epi info 7 software was used for data processing. Results: The average age of the patients was 52.5 ± 19.6 years with extremes ranging from 16 years to 102 years. Note that 57.7% of the patients were over 50 years old. The sex ratio was 8.9. Urinary retention was the most common urological emergency in 47.7% (52) of cases;follow-up of infectious pathologies in 30.2% (33) of cases. Among the

关键词： Urological Emergencies Profile kara Togo