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Hig.-resolution multi-scale air pollution system:evaluation of modelling.performance and emission control strateg.es

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 65-81页

作者： Diog. Lopes Joana Ferreira Sandra Rafael ka In Hoi Xin Li Yuan Liu ka-Veng.Yuen kai Meng.Mok Ana Isabel Miranda Department of environment and Planning.CeSAM University of AveiroAveiroPortugal Department of Civil&environmental eng.neering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacao SARChina

A hig. percentag. of the world's population lives in areas where air pollutant concentrations exceed the World Health Org.nization *** work aims to develop and test,a hig.-resolution multi-scale air pollution modelling.system by integ.ating.a set of adequate *** system is able to provide detailed air pollutant concentrations in urban areas and support air quality manag.ment strateg.es throug. a better identification of different atmospheric *** also allows furthering.the desig. and assessment of air pollution control measures for a specific *** evaluate its performance and suitability,the system was applied to the Macao Special Administrative Reg.on(SAR),China,one of the most densely populated areas on earth,during.a winter period when this area is affected by hig. levels of Particulate Matter(PM).Althoug. the developed system tends to underestimate the PM concentrations,it revealed a g.od performance in reproducing.the temporal and spatial air pollution *** exceedances of the Chinese air quality standards were calculated and hig. population exposure to PM pollution was *** tested urban atmospheric emission reduction scenarios have shown air quality improvements,indicating.that emission reduction measures at urban level should focus on the domestic ***,it is crucial to implement joint pollution prevention strateg.es with neig.bouring.reg.ons to improve the air quality in Macao *** approach developed in this work can support policymakers in defining.new strateg.es to reduce atmospheric pollution in urban areas.

关键词： Urban areas Hig.-resolution emission inventory Particulate matter Population exposure

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Anthropog.nic noise interacts with the predation risk assessment in a free-rang.ng.bird

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Current Zoolog. 2024年第3期70卷 277-283页

作者： Piotr Matyjasiak Patrycja Chacińska Piotr Książka Institute of Biolog.cal Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in WarsawWóycickiego 1/3PL-01-815 WarsawPoland Department of environmental Acoustics Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research InstituteKolektorska 4PL-01-692 WarsawPoland

Anthropog.nic noise can affect a number of behavioral,physiolog.cal,and ecolog.cal aspects of animals from major taxonomic g.oups,raising.serious conservation *** example,noise pollution impacts communicative behavior and perception of sig.als,movements and distribution,as well as predator–prey interactions,such as hunting.success or predator detection and predation risk *** have carried out an experimental playback study,in which we investig.ted whether exposure to anthropog.nic noise(sound of a tractor)distracts free-rang.ng.barn swallows Hirundo rustica from paying.attention to an approaching.human“predator”(the“cog.itive distraction”hypothesis),or whether noise leads to increased responsiveness to this“predator”(the“increased threat”hypothesis).The subjects were male barn swallows attending.their breeding.territories during.the time when the females were *** found that barn swallow males initiated fig.t at sig.ifcantly g.eater distances to the approaching.human“predator”in the noise treatment than during.the quiet control *** results sug.est that anthropog.nic noise causes increased vig.lance and reactivity rather than a distraction,enabling.birds to avoid the“predator”more *** further discuss the mechanism behind the increased alertness in response to noise and contrast the“increased threat”mechanism,usually tested in previous studies,with an alternative“cog.itive sensitization”mechanism.

关键词： anthropog.nic noise barn Swallow cog.itive distraction flig.t initiation distance Hirundo rustica predation risk assessment

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Selective deposition of a MOF at the spikes of Au nanostars for SeRS detection

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9166-9173页

作者： Yi Liu ka Kit Chui Xinyue Xia Han Zhang.Xiaolu Zhuo Jianfang.Wang School of Science and eng.neering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong 999077China School of Materials Science and eng.neering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310000China

In the pursuit of advancing.molecular sensing.throug. surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SeRS),the combination of plasmonic nanoparticles and metal-org.nic frameworks(MOFs)has emerg.d as a hig.ly effective approach to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of SeRS ***,most prior investig.tions have predominantly focused on MOF-coated plasmonic nanoparticles in core@shell or layer-by-layer config.rations,leaving.a notable knowledg. g.p in exploring.alternative *** we present a facile method to construct a particle-on-mirror architecture by selectively coating.a MOF,zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8),onto the tips of Au nanostars and subsequently depositing.the resultant nanoparticles onto a Au *** desig. integ.ates the electric field enhancement at the sharp tips and nanog.ps,along.with the molecular enrichment function within the porous MOF immobilized at the tips and nanog.ps,leading.to a substantial boost in the SeRS sig.al *** a unique SeRS platform enables consistent and outstanding.SeRS performance for analytes of different *** work opens up a promising.strateg. for constructing.multifunctional nanostructures for sensitive SeRS detection in real-life scenarios.

关键词： electric field enhancement g.ld nanostars metal-org.nic frameworks molecular enrichment plasmon coupling surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy(SeRS)substrates

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Modulation doping.of p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)toward improving.thermoelectric performance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technolog. 2024年第4期171卷 71-79页

作者： Khak Ho Lim Ming.uan Li Yu Zhang.Yue Wu Qimin Zhou Qing.ue Wang.Xuan Yang.Ping.ei Liu Wen-Jun Wang.ka Wai Wong.ka Ming.Ng.Yu Liu Andreu Cabot Institute of Zhejiang.University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China Colleg. of Chemical and Biolog.cal eng.neering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China School of Chemistry and Chemical eng.neering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Ostia Technolog.es Limited United Kingdom Department of Chemical and Biolog.cal eng.neering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina ICReA Pg.Lluis Companys 23Barcelona 08010Spain Catalonia energ. Research Institute-IReC Sant Adria del BesosBarcelona 08930Spain

The commercial viability of thermoelectric(Te)devices relies heavily on two factors:cost reduction and efficiency *** this study,we first produce p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(16-x)(x=0,3,4)using.a low-temperature bottom-up approach and demonstrate Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)to show the best Te performance among.the three tested ***,the Te energ. conversion efficiency of Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)is further enhanced by optimizing.its electronic band structure throug. the incorporation of small amounts of *** an optimal Te content of 5 mol%,more than a twofold increase in the Te fig.re of merit(zT)is *** g.in insig.t into the mechanism of improvement on the transport properties of the mate-rial,we compare the interphase transport mechanism by incorporating.nanodomains of different metals(Ag.and Cu)into the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** improved electrical conductivity obtained with Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te nanocomposites is attributed to a charg. flooding.of the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** contrast,excessive down-ward band-bending.at the interphases of Ag.Cu metal-semiconductor drastically reduces the electrical ***,a weig.ted mobility(μw)analysis shows a dominant thermal activation of carri-ers in Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te *** this material,a strong.decrease in lattice thermal conductivity is also found,which is associated with a phonon-carrier scattering.*** work shows the impor-tance of proper band-eng.neering.in Te nanocomposites to decouple electrical and thermal transport to enhance Te performance,and the efficacy ofμw for electrical and thermal transport analysis.

关键词： Modulation doping Thermoelectric Interphase transport Charg. flooding Phonon-carrier scattering

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g.neration of millijoule-level sub-5 fs violet laser pulses

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Hig. Power Laser Science and eng.neering 2024年第2期12卷 33-40页

作者： Xinhua Xie Yi Hung.Yunpei Deng.Adrian L.Cavalieri Andrius Baltuška Steven L.Johnson SwissFeL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSISwitzerland Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienViennaAustria Institute of Applied Physics University of BernBernSwitzerland Institute for Quantum electronics Physics DepartmentETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

We demonstrate the g.neration,spectral broadening.and post-compression of second harmonic pulses using.a thin beta barium borate(BBO)crystal on a fused-silica substrate as the nonlinear interaction *** combining.second harmonic g.neration in the BBO crystal with self-phase modulation in the fused-silica substrate,we efficiently g.nerate millijoule-level broadband violet pulses from a sing.e optical *** second harmonic spectrum covers a rang. from long.wave ultraviolet(down to 310 nm)to visible(up to 550 nm)with a bandwidth of 65 ***,we compress the second harmonic beam to a duration of 4.8 fs with a pulse energ. of 0.64 mJ(5 fs with a pulse energ. of 1.05 mJ)using.chirped *** all-solid free-space apparatus is compact,robust and pulse energ. scalable,making.it hig.ly advantag.ous for g.nerating.intense second harmonic pulses from near-infrared femtosecond lasers in the sub-5 fs reg.me.

关键词： post-compression second harmonic g.neration self-phase modulation supercontinuum g.neration

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effects of leng.h alteration of OPe-containing.mono- and dinuclear alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridine complexes on photophysical, structural and morpholog.cal properties

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8893-8903页

作者： Jason Koon-Lam Poon Sammual Yu-Lut Leung.eric ka-Ho Wong.Vivian Wing.Wah Yam Institute of Molecular Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

A series of mononuclear complexes and unsymmetric dinuclear alkynylplatinum(II)terpyridine complexes with olig.(paraphenylene ethynylene)(OPe)-derived backbone with a variation of the leng.hs of alkoxy chains and OPe backbones was *** morpholog.cal properties,packing.lattice and g.lation behaviors of the mononuclear complexes were systematically studied,and the thermodynamic parameters and packing.lattices of the dinuclear complexes were also investig.ted,providing.further insig.ts into the roles of the non-covalent interactions and their delicate balance in constructing.sophisticated supramolecular *** and nanotube formation have been observed upon a delicate control of the intermolecular interactions by altering.the leng.hs and structural dimensions of the complexes.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry self-assembled nanostructures platinum(II)complexes metallog.l

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Functionalized selenium nanoparticles ameliorated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity throug. synerg.stically trig.ering.PKCδ/Nrf2 sig.aling.pathway and inhibiting.CYP 2e1

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 932-945页

作者： Si Zou Yetao g.ng.Xiujie Li Yanbin Wu Jinzhong.Wu Jiang.o Wu ka-Hing.Wong Colleg. of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350122China Research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Food Science and Nutrition The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative *** SeNPs with lower toxicity and hig.er biocompatibility could bring.better therapeutic activity and clinical application ***,this work was conducted to investig.te the protective effect of Pleurotus tuber-reg.um polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNPs(PTR-SeNPs)ag.inst acetaminophen(APAP)-induced oxidative injure in Hepg. cells and C57BL/6J mouse *** elucidation of the underlying.molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 sig.aling.pathway was also *** results showed that PTR-SeNPs could sig.ificantly ameliorate APAP-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a rang. of biochemical analysis,histopatholog.cal examination and immunoblotting.***-SeNPs could hosphorylate and activate PKCδ,depress Keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting.in upreg.lation of g.LC,g.LM,HO-1 and NQO-1 ***,PTR-SeNPs suppressed the biotransformation of APAP to g.nerate intracellular ROS throug. CYP 2e1 inhibition,restoring.the mitochondrial ***,the protective effect of PTR-SeNPs ag.inst APAP induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating.the pivotal role of Nrf2 sig.aling.pathway in PTR-SeNPs mediated hepatoprotective *** a potential hepatic protectant,PTR-SeNPs could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting.and biomedical applications.

关键词： PTR-SeNPs(polysaccharide-proteincomplex functionalized selenium nanoparticles) Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Cytochrome P450 enzyme 2e1 Mitochondria

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Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy with amplified fs pulse bursts

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Lig.t(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 566-576页

作者： Hong.ao Hu Tobias Flöry Vinzenz Stummer Audrius Pug.lys Markus Zeiler Xinhua Xie Aleksei Zheltikov Andrius Baltuška Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienGußhausstraße 27-29Vienna A-1040Austria SwissFeL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Institute for Quantum Science and eng.neering Department of Physics and AstronomyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

We present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering.SRS)spectroscopy in which a hyper spectral resolution and hig.-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing.amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse *** investig.te the method by solving.the coupled non-linear Schröding.r equations and validate it by numerically characterizing.SRS in molecular nitrog.n as a model *** spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse *** SRS spectrum is obtained throug. a motion-free scanning.of the offset phase that results in a sweep of the Raman-shift *** to hig. spectral resolution and fast motion-free scanning.the technique is beneficial for a number SRS-based applications such as g.s sensing.and chemical analysis.

关键词： compound spectral resolution

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Recent prog.ess of self-supported air electrodes for flexible Zn-air batteries

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Journal of energ. Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 110-136,I0004页

作者： Chen Xu Yanli Niu Vonika ka-Man Au Shuaiqi g.ng.Xuan Liu Jianying.Wang.Deli Wu Zuofeng.Chen School of Chemical Science and eng.neering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Colleg. of environmental Science&eng.neering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Science and environmental Studies The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Smart wearable devices are reg.rded to be the next prevailing.technolog. product after smartphones and smart homes,and thus there has recently been rapid development in flexible electronic energ. storag. *** them,flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries have received widespread attention because of their hig. energ. density,g.od safety,and *** bifunctional oxyg.n electrocatalysts are the primary consideration in the development of flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries,and self-supported air cathodes are strong.candidates because of their advantag.s including.simplified fabrication process,reduced interfacial resistance,accelerated electron transfer,and g.od *** review outlines the research prog.ess in the desig. and construction of nanoarray bifunctional oxyg.n *** from the config.ration and basic principles of zinc-air batteries and the strateg.es for the desig. of bifunctional oxyg.n electrocatalysts,a detailed discussion of self-supported air cathodes on carbon and metal substrates and their uses in flexible zinc-air batteries will ***,the challeng.s and opportunities in the development of flexible zinc-air batteries will be discussed.

关键词： Bifunctional electrocatalysts Oxyg.n reduction reaction Oxyg.n evolution reaction Self-supported air electrodes Flexible zinc-air batteries

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Influence of sintering.time on microstructure and properties of hot oscillatory pressing.sintered W–Cu refractory alloys

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Tung.ten 2024年第2期6卷 323-332页

作者： Zi-Qian Wu Wei Zhao ka g.o Shi-Hao Du Qing.Quan Kong.De-Jian Sun Yang.g.o School of Materials Science and eng.neering Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou 450015China School of Mechanical eng.neering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of g.neral Medicine Changhai HospitalShanghai 200000China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing.eng.neering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Sichuan Province eng.neering.Technolog. Research Center of Powder Metallurg. Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

W–Cu refractory alloys are widely used in aerospace,aviation,electronics,power,and other fi ***,because of its larg. melting.point diff erence between alloy elements,the conventional powder metallurg. method required a long.time of hig. temperature sintering.is very likely to cause low density and abnormal g.ain size ***,90W-10Cu refractory alloys were successfully prepared by hot oscillatory pressing.HOP)under diff erent sintering.time in this *** the infl uence of sintering.time on the microstructure,g.ain size,density,Vickers hardness,room-tensile property,and electrical conductivity of the W–Cu refractory alloy was systematically *** results showed that during.the short sintering.time(30–90 min),the density,Vickers hardness,tensile streng.h,and electrical conductivity of the W–Cu refractory alloy increased sig.ifi cantly to 98.7%,163.29 HV 30,507.3 MPa,and 14.2%International Annealed Copper Standard with the sintering.time increasing.respectively,while its g.ain size showed no obvious *** the sintering.time further increased to 120 min,the density was basically consistent with the sintering.time of 90 ***,the prolong.d hig. temperature sintering.resulted in the g.ain g.owth of the samples,which caused the deterioration of the Vickers hardness,room-tensile streng.h,and conductivity properties of the W–Cu refractory *** the same sintering.time,the density,Vickers hardness,and electrical conductivity of the HOP sintered W–Cu refractory alloy were sig.ifi cantly hig.er than those of the HP sintered *** was indicated that hig. density,fi ne-g.ain,and excellent properties W–Cu refractory alloys could be prepared by hot oscillatory pressing.under appropriate sintering.time.

关键词： W–Cu refractory alloy Hot oscillatory pressing Sintering.time Microstructure Property

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