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Comparing 11 early warning scores and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department

World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 273-282页

作者： Rex pui Kin Lam Zonglin Dai Eric Ho Yin Lau Carrie Yuen Ting Ip Ho Ching Chan Lingyun Zhao Tat ChiTsang Matthew Sik Hon Tsui Timothy Hudson Rainer Department of Emergency Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of 11 vital sign-based early warning scores(EWSs)and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department(ED).METHODS:We performed a retrospective study on consecutive adult patients with an infection over 3 months in a public ED in Hong *** primary outcome was sepsis(Sepsis-3 definition)within 48 h of ED *** c-statistics and the DeLong test,we compared 11 EWSs,including the National Early Warning Score 2(NEWS2),Modified Early Warning Score,and Worthing Physiological Scoring System(WPS),etc.,and three shock indices(the shock index[SI],modified shock index[MSI],and diastolic shock index[DSI]),with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome(SIRS)and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)in predicting the primary outcome,intensive care unit admission,and mortality at different time ***:We analyzed 601 patients,of whom 166(27.6%)developed ***2 had the highest point estimate(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUROC]0.75,95%CI 0.70-0.79)and was significantly better than SIRS,qSOFA,other EWSs and shock indices,except WPS,at predicting the primary ***,the pooled sensitivity and specificity of NEWS2≥5 for the prediction of sepsis were 0.45(95%CI 0.37-0.52)and 0.88(95%CI 0.85-0.91),*** discriminatory performance of all EWSs and shock indices declined when used to predict mortality at a more remote time ***:NEWS2 compared favorably with other EWSs and shock indices in early sepsis prediction but its low sensitivity at the usual cut-off point requires further modification for sepsis screening.

关键词： Sepsis Emergency department Clinical prediction rule Early warning score Shock index

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Unique anti-angiogenic effects,pharmacological targets and therapeutic mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines for endometriosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 63-65页

作者： Bo Liang Rui Dong Sze Wan Hung Yiran Li Yuezhen Lin Ling Wu Tao Zhang Gene Chi Wai Man Hui Xu Jacqueline pui Wah Chung Chi Chiu Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Reproduction and Development Laboratory Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Endometriosis is a common and benign angiogenesisdependent gynecological disorder,which refers to the proliferation and growth of endometrium-like tissues with neovasculature formation outside of the uterus.1 Available medical treatments for endometriosis containing hormonal and non-hormonal treatments had been limited for longterm usage by their side effects.2 Ideal medical treatment for endometriosis with efficacy to relieve symptoms and suppress endometriotic lesion growth and minimal side effects has been longing for decades.3 Angiogenesis is a promising therapeutic target for endometriosis.

关键词： therapeutic endometriosis herbal

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NHE7 upregulation potentiates the uptake of small extracellular vesicles by enhancing maturation of macropinosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 251-272页

作者： Yue Yao Yi Xu Liang Yu Ting-Mao Xue Zhi-Jie Xiao pui-Chi Tin Hiu-Ling Fung Hoi-Tang Ma Jing-Ping Yun Judy Wai Ping Yam Department of Pathology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongP.R.China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjingP.R.China Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjingP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Scientific Research Center The Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongP.R.China Department of Pathology Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

Background:Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate intercellular commu-nication that contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)progression via multifaceted *** success of cell entry determines the effect of sEV on recipient ***,we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying the uptake of sEV in ***:AF,Alexa Fluor;ANOVA,analysis of variance;ATP9A,ATPase Phospholipid Transporting 9A;BCECF-AM,2’,7’-bis-(2-barboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein,acetoxymethyl ester;BSA,bovine serum albumin;CCMR,Centre for Comparative Medicine Research;CRISPR,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats;CTL,ctrl;CXCR4,C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4;DAPI,4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole;DFS,disease-free survival;DMEM,Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium;DMSO,dimethyl sulfoxide;Dox,doxycycline;EEA1,early endosome antigen 1;EIPA,5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride;FBS,fetal bovine serum;FITC,fluorescein isothiocyanate;GAPDH,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase;GM130,Golgi matrix protein 130;HCC,hepatocellular carcinoma;HEPES,4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid;HPRT1,hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1;H-score,histoscore;IAA,indole-3-acetic acid;KD,knockdown;KO,knockout;mAID,mini-auxin-inducible degron;MTT,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide;NHE7,Na(+)/H(+)exchanger 7;ns,non-significant;OD,optical density;OS,overall survival;PBS,phosphate-buffered saline;PCR,polymerase chain reaction;pHe,endosomal pH;pHi,intracellular pH;PKH67,Paul ka.l Horan 67;Rab21,Ras-associated binding protein 21;RIPA,radioimmunoprecipitation assay;SAM,synergistic activation mediator;SEMs,standard error of the means;sEVs,small extracellular vesicles;sgRNA,single-guide RNA;shRNA,short-hairpin RNA;SLC9,solute carrier gene 9;SLiCE,Seamless Ligation Cloning Extract;TCGA,The Cancer Genome Atlas;TCL,total cell lysates;TGN,trans-Golgi network;TMA,tissue microarray;TMR,tetramethyl rhodamine;TSG101,tumor susceptibility gene *** Yao an

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma small extracellular vesicles macropinocytosis pH regulation sodium-hydrogen exchanger

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Distinct molecular targets of ProEGCG from EGCG and superior inhibition of angiogenesis signaling pathways for treatment of endometriosis

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 100-114页

作者： Sze Wan Hung Massimiliano Gaetani Yiran Li Zhouyurong Tan Xu Zheng Ruizhe Zhang Yang Ding Gene Chi Wai Man Tao Zhang Yi Song Yao Wang Jacqueline pui Wah Chung Tak Hang Chan Roman A.Zubarev Chi Chiu Wang Department of Obstetrics&Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Physiological Chemistry I Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSE 17177Sweden Chemical Proteomics Core Facility Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSE 17177Sweden Unit of Chemical Proteomics Science for Life Laboratory(SciLifeLab)StockholmSE 17177Sweden Center for Reproductive Medicine Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and GeneticsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450003China Department of Chemistry McGill UniversityMontrealH3A2K6Canada Department of Pharmacological&Technological Chemistry I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow119146Russia Reproduction and Development Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disease with endometrial cell implantation outside the *** is a major pathophysiology in *** previous studies have demonstrated that the prodrug of epigallocatechin gallate(ProEGCG)exhibits superior anti-endometriotic and anti-angiogenic effects compared to epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG).However,their direct binding targets and underlying mechanisms for the differential effects remain *** this study,we demonstrated that oral ProEGCG can be effective in preventing and treating ***,1D and 2D Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration assay-based chemical proteomics identified metadherin(MTDH)and PX domain containing serine/threonine kinase-like(PXK)as novel binding targets of EGCG and ProEGCG,*** simulation and BioLayer interferometry were used to confirm their binding *** results showed that MTDH-EGCG inhibited protein kinase B(Akt)-mediated angiogenesis,while PXK-ProEGCG inhibited epidermal growth factor(EGF)-mediated angiogenesis via the EGF/hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF-1a)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)*** vitro and in vivo knockdown assays and microvascular network imaging further confirmed the involvement of these signaling ***,our study demonstrated that ProEGCG has superior therapeutic effects than EGCG by targeting distinct signal transduction pathways and may act as a novel antiangiogenic therapy for endometriosis.

关键词： Molecular targets ProEGCG EGCG Angiogenesis Treatment Endometriosis

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Influence of structural factors on the tribological performance of organic friction modifiers

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Friction 2021年第2期9卷 380-400页

作者： Febin CYRIAC Xin Yi TEE Sendhil KPOORNACHARY pui Shan chow Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 627833Singapore

The influence of structural factors on the lubrication performance of organic friction modifiers(OFMs)formulated in Group V(polyol ester oil)base oil was studied using a ball-on-disk *** results show that OFMs can mitigate friction under heavy loads,low sliding speeds,and high *** conditions are commonly encountered in internal-combustion engines between cylinder liners and piston *** reduction in friction is ascribed to the boundary lubrication film containing the *** chemical composition analysis of the metal disk surface using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)confirmed the presence of a protective film of OFM on the wear track,albeit inconsistently *** the adsorption of the OFM on the metal surface was observed to be dependent on the chemical reactivity of the functional groups,levels of unsaturation,and hydrocarbon chain length of the OFM,the frictional performance was not always directly correlated with the surface coverage and tribofilm *** implies that the friction reduction mechanism can involve other localized processes at the interface between the metal surface and lubricant *** occasional variation in friction observed for these OFMs can be attributed to the stability and durability of the boundary film formed during the rubbing phase.

关键词： organic friction modifiers friction wear film thickness

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Multi-omics analysis of attenuated variant reveals potential evaluation marker of host damaging for SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 83-95页

作者： Guangshan Xie Lin Zhu Siwen Liu Cun Li Xin Diao Yanhao Zhang Xiuli Su Yuanyuan Song Guodong Cao Li Zhong pui Wang Xiaojuan Liu Bobo Wing-Yee Mok Shusheng Zhang Dong-Yan Jin Jie Zhou Honglin Chen Zongwei Cai State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina HKBU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen 518000China

SARS-CoV-2 continues to threaten human society by generating novel variants via mutation and *** high number of mutations that appeared in emerging variants not only enhanced their immune-escaping ability but also made it difficult to predict the pathogenicity and virulence based on viral nucleotide *** markers for evaluating the pathogenicity of new variants are therefore *** comparing host responses to wild-type and variants with attenuated pathogenicity at proteome and metabolome levels,six key molecules on the polyamine biosynthesis pathway including putrescine,SAM,dc-SAM,ODC1,SAMS,and SAMDC were found to be differentially upregulated and associated with pathogenicity of *** validate our discovery,human airway organoids were subsequently used which recapitulates SARS-CoV-2 replication in the airway epithelial cells of COVID-19 *** ODC1 as a proof-ofconcept,differential activation of polyamine biosynthesis was found to be modulated by the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)and positively associated with ACE2 *** experiments demonstrated that ODC1 expression could be differentially activated upon a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern(VOCs)and was found to be correlated with each VOCs’pathogenic ***,the presented study revealed the discriminative ability of key molecules on polyamine biosynthesis as a predictive marker for virulence evaluation and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants in cell or organoid *** work,therefore,presented a practical strategy that could be potentially applied as an evaluation tool for the pathogenicity of current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 multi-omics attenuated variant predictive pathogenic marker polyamine biosynthesis

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Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling:from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 401-441页

作者： Bonan Chen Peiyao Yu Wai Nok Chan Fuda Xie Yigan Zhang Li Liang ka. Tong Leung Kwok Wai Lo Jun Yu Gary M.K.Tse Wei ka.g ka.Fai To Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Department of Pathology Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical CollegeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor PathologyGuangzhouChina Institute of Biomedical Research Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina Department of Pediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body.A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis,often coinciding with disease *** an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium,cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease *** research suggests zinc’s involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells,despite its low tissue *** has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc’s cellular metabolism,particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer *** transportation is under the control of two major transporter families:SLC30(ZnT)for the excretion of zinc and SLC39(ZIP)for the zinc ***,the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins(MTs).This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression,with a special focus on *** also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc *** the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane,the potential for targeted therapies,including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies,offers promising avenues for future exploration.

关键词： metabolism invasion involvement

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Effects of Motivation and Demography on the Quantitative Plausibility of the Trojan Horse Defence Against Possession of Child Pornography

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第6期21卷 9-15页

作者： Richard E Overill Jantje A M Silomon ka.-pui chow Hayson Tse Dept.of Informatics King's College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom Dept.of Computer Science University of Hong Kong

The Enhanced Complexity Model( ECM) developed previously has been further extended to produce a Motivationally Enhanced Complexity Model( MECM) which enables the degree of motivation,capability and opportunity of a hypothetical Trojan Horse author to be included in quantifying the relative plausibility of competing explanations for the existence of uncontested digital *** new model has been applied to the case of the Trojan Horse defence( THD) against the possession of child *** results demonstrate that the THD in this case cannot be plausibly sustained unless it can be shown that an ‘off-theshelf'( OTS) Trojan Horse for this task is available and it is not detectable by the target computer,at the material time.

关键词： Trojan Horse defence child pornography digital forensic evidence complexity quantitative plausibility metrics posterior odds

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k-Dimensional hashing scheme for hard disk integrity verification in computer forensics

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第10期12卷 809-818页

作者： Zoe Lin JIANG Lucas Chi Kwong HUI Siu Ming YIU ka. pui chow School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong

Verifying the integrity of a hard disk is an important concern in computer forensics,as the law enforcement party needs to confirm that the data inside the hard disk have not been modified during the investigation.A typical approach is to compute a single chained hash value of all sectors in a specific ***,this technique loses the integrity of all other sectors even if only one of the sectors becomes a bad sector occasionally or is modified *** this paper we propose a k-dimensional hashing scheme,kD for short,to distribute sectors into a kD space,and to calculate multiple hash values for sectors in k dimensions as integrity *** the integrity of the sectors can be verified depending on any hash value calculated using the sectors,the probability to verify the integrity of unchanged sectors can be high even with bad/modified sectors in the hard *** show how to efficiently implement this kD hashing scheme such that the storage of hash values can be reduced while increasing the chance of an unaffected sector to be verified *** results of a 3D scheme show that both the time for computing the hash values and the storage for the hash values are reasonable.

关键词： Computer forensics Digital evidence Hard disk integrity k-Dimensional hashing

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Molecular Evidence for the Hybrid Origin of Bauhinia blakeana(Caesalpinioideae)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第1期50卷 111-118页

作者： Chun Yin Mak ka.Shing Cheung pui Ying Yip Hoi Shan Kwan Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina

Bauhinia blakeana Dunn is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region emblem and a popular horticultural species in many Asian countries. It was first described as a new species from Hong Kong almost a century ago. This plant is sterile and has long been considered a hybrid, possibly from two related species, B. purpurea and B. variegata. However, not much evidence based on molecular methods was available to support this hypothesis. In this study, sequences of internal transcribed spacer I （ITS1）, rbcL and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer for five Bauhinia species and two varieties of one of the species were determined and compared. There were two types of ITS1 sequences in B. blakeana, one indistinguishable from that of B. purpurea and the other one identical to that of B. variegata. This confirmed that B. blakeana was a hybrid of these two species. Chloroplast atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer sequence of B. blakeana was identical to that of B. purpurea, indicating that B. purpurea was the female parent. The hybridization event seemed to occur only recently and was a rare incident. Its occurrence was likely facilitated by interspecific pollen competition. It appeared that human efforts played a crucial role in the preservation and ubiquity of B. blakeana.

关键词： atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer Bauhinia internal transcribed spacer 1 interspecific hybrid interspecific pollen competition.

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