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Nucleic Acid Aptamers as Potential Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agents for Lymphoma

Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第4期4卷 872-890页

作者： ka-to shum Jiehua Zhou John J. Rossi Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Duarte CA USA Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Duarte CA USA

Lymphomas are cancers that arise from white blood cells and usually present as solid tumors. Treatment of lymphoma often involves chemotherapy, and can also include radiotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. There is an unquestioned need for more effective therapies and diagnostic tool for lymphoma. Aptamers are single stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides whose three-dimensional structures are dictated by their sequences. The immense diversity in function and structure of nucleic acids enable numerous aptamers to be generated through an iterative in vitro selection technique known as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamers have several biochemical properties that make them attractive tools for use as potential diagnostic and pharmacologic agents. Isolated aptamers may directly inhibit the function of target proteins, or they can also be formulated for use as delivery agents for other therapeutic or imaging cargoes. More complex aptamer identification methods, using whole cancer cells (Cell-SELEX), may identify novel targets and aptamers to affect them. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of nucleic acid aptamers as diagnostic and therapeutic agents and as targeted delivery carriers that are relevant to lymphoma. Some representative examples are also discussed.

关键词： Lymphoma Nucleic Acid Aptamer SELEX Cell-Type Specific Drug Delivery Biosensor Nanotechnology

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Ondansetron and Hypothermia Induced Cardiac Arrest in a 97-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2022年第3期7卷 66-72页

作者： Keith Sai Kit Leung Faareaha Ahmad Amun Mahmood Yuki ka Ling shum Ekta Punj Azam Majeed Riad Hosein Anna Hong Muzaffar Hashmi Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom Emergency Department Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

Background:Ondansetron and hypothermia are both known to induce bradycardia or QT interval prolongation,thus placing affected patients at risk of cardiac *** Report:Herein,we report the case of a 97-year-old woman who initially presented with confusion and hypothermia,and experienced severe bradycardia and asystolic cardiac arrest after a 4 mg intravenous ondansetron bolus ***:Ondansetron is associated with bradycardia and QTc prolongation,both of which might be further exacerbated by *** should be aware that administering ondansetron in patients with hypothermia might further increase the risk of adverse cardiac events and eventual cardiac arrest.

关键词： Ondansetron Hypothermia Bradycardia QT prolongation Cardiac Arrest

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Endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of sensorimotor circuits for the navigational system

Endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of sensorimotor circuits...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Ying-Shing Chan Wei Shi Chun-Wai Ma Daisy Kwok-Yan shum School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong

The formation and hardwiring of neuronal networks for a specific function are dependent on sequential maturation of synaptic elements in the neural circuit. We hypothesize that synaptic efficacy of vestibular neurons undergoes postnatal tuning to sharpen spatial coding for the presentation of relevant behaviors. Whole-cell patchclamp data from the vestibular nucleus of rats indicated that during the first two postnatal weeks pre-and postsynaptic efficacy of GABA synapses were modulated by endocannabinoid. During this period of plasticity, chronic treatment of the vestibular nucleus with agonist/antagonist of GABAA receptor or endocannabinocid receptor not only shifted the time for emergence of graviceptive reflexes but also deterred the establishment of internal spatial maps in relay stations of the mature central vestibular system. These rats when reached maturity also exhibited deficits in spatial navigation. Notably, similar perturbation in juvenile animals posed no effect. Taken together, we found that endocannabinoid is instrumental in controlling the maturation of vestibular circuitry for behavioral presentation of spatial recognition.

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Endocannabinoid regulates the efficacy of vestibular inhibitory synapses contributing to the expression of gravity-detection behavior in developing rats

Endocannabinoid regulates the efficacy of vestibular inhibit...

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中国神经科学学会第十届全国学术会议

作者： Wei SHI Chun-Wai MA Daisy Kwok-Yan shum Ying-Shing CHAN Departments of Physiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong Departments of Biochemistry Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong

Long-term depression of inhibitory responses(iLTD),as mediated by endocannabinoid(eCB),plays an important role on presynaptic plasticity in the mammalian ***,the involvement of eCB on the developmental plasticity of the vestibular system remains *** hypothesize that eCB regulates the efficacy of GABAergic synapses in the vestibular nucleus(VN) via the modulation of iLTD,thereby contributing to spatial *** the use of whole-cell patch-clamp experiments,GABA receptor-mediated evoked-IPSCs were recorded on brainstem slice of postnatal *** normal P5-7 rats,iLTD was induced in 70%of the neurons in the medial VN but was reduced to 20%in P8-17 *** proportion of neurons showing iLTD at P5-7 decreased to 40%with bath application of AM251(antagonist of CB1 receptor).Similar results were observed in P5-7 rats pre-implanted at P1 with AM251-loaded Elvax slice that allows slow release of the drug into the underlying *** normal P8-10 rats,the proportion of neurons showing iLTD increased to 60%with bath application of WIN55(agonist of CB1R).Similar results were observed in P8-10 rats pre-implanted at P1 with WIN55-loaded Elvax ***,the proportion decreased to 20%in P11-17 rats pretreated with *** determine the receptor that triggers postsynaptic production and release of eCB we applied to the bath antagonist/agonist of either Group Ⅰmetabotropic glutamate receptor(mGluR) or serotonin receptor(5-HTR).Antagonist/agonist of Group Ⅰ mGluR exerted no effect on iLTD ***,5-HTR agonist increased the proportion of neurons expressing iLTD in P8-10 rats while 5-HTR antagonist decreased the proportion in P5-7 rats,suggesting that 5-HTR is involved in triggering eCB *** investigate the effects of eCB in the expression of vestibular behavior,rats pre-implanted at P1 with AM251- or WIN55-loaded Elvax were tested with negative geotaxis,a behavioral indicator of *** rats acquire the re-orienting beha

关键词： endocannabinoid Long-term depression gravity-detection behavior

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Perturbation of GABAsynapses in vestibular nucleus during a postnatal critical period impacts onthe establishment of spatial recognition

Perturbation of GABAsynapses in vestibular nucleus during a ...

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中国神经科学学会第十届全国学术会议

作者： Wen-Qiang CHEN Chun-Wai MA Francisco Paulo BOTELHO Wei SHI Chun-Hong LAI Daisy Kwok-Yan shum Ymg-Shmg CHAN Departments of Physiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Departments of Biochemistry Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong

The transformation of vestibular cues into spatial orientation signals is essential for navigation in the *** understand how spatial coding is shaped during the development of neural circuitry,the role of neurotransmission within the neonatal vestibular nucleus(VN) in the establishment of a spatial map needs to be *** whole-cell patch-clamp recording in brainstem slices,we found that most VN neurons of postnatal day(P) 3-5 rats exhibited long-term depression of GABA receptor-mediated evoked-postsynaptic *** this stage,these currents were excitatory in *** P14,only a small proportion of VN neurons exhibited long-term depression but these currents became inhibitory in *** results indicatea postnatal period duringwhich there is a change in the efficacyof GABAergic VN *** further study the role of GABAergic transmission in VN on developing acquisition of spatial recognition,we implanted above the VN of P1 or P14 rats with Elvax slice loaded with GABA receptor antagonist *** pups were allowed to recover and testedat different *** of a vestibular-related spatial map in thalamus,an upstream relay of the neural circuitry for balance,was observed in adult rats pre-treated with bicuculline at P1 but not in those pre-treated at *** tested with a path integration task at the adult stage,rats pretreated with bicuculline at P1 had significantly prolonged training time and deficiency in behavioral parameters(including searching time,returning time,heading angle,and number of errors in dark/new location probe tests).Comparable deficits were also observed with selective lesion of vestibular-related subnuclei in the adult *** pretreated at P14 however showed no significant difference in tight,dark,and new location probe ***,we have demonstrated that a postnatal critical period exists for developmental establishment of a neural circuitry for spatial reference and acquisition of s

关键词： vestibular nucleus spatial navigation thalamus postnatal critical period

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间充质干细胞治疗中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展

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药学进展 2019年第6期43卷 412-420页

作者：徐轶冰陈应城岑国欣南京艾尔普再生医学科技有限公司江苏南京211100 香港大学李嘉诚医学院生物医学学院中国香港

中枢神经系统疾病如脑卒中、创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、脑白质疾病(WMD)等,主要牵涉神经细胞凋亡导致的功能丧失,缺乏有效治疗手段。间充质干细胞(MSC)是一种异质性干细胞群,具有较强的组织修复和免疫调节潜能,来源多并被认为免疫原性较低。... 详细信息

中枢神经系统疾病如脑卒中、创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、脑白质疾病(WMD)等,主要牵涉神经细胞凋亡导致的功能丧失,缺乏有效治疗手段。间充质干细胞(MSC)是一种异质性干细胞群,具有较强的组织修复和免疫调节潜能,来源多并被认为免疫原性较低。通过移植MSC治疗上述中枢神经系统疾病的临床前研究,大多取得了较好的安全性和有效性结果,且基于MSC移植的临床试验也接连展开,而MSC的鉴别、最佳移植路径、治疗的长期疗效和安全性,以及免疫原性等问题依然存在争论。主要从有效性和安全性两方面探讨MSC在治疗脑卒中、TBI、WMD方面的研究进展。

关键词：间充质干细胞细胞移植中枢神经系统脑卒中创伤性脑损伤脑白质疾病

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