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Experience of Drug Abusers Participating in Community-Based Drug Rehabilitation Services Provided by the Counselling Centres for Psychotropic Substance Abusers (CCPSAs) in Hong Kong

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Health 2020年第8期12卷 1008-1028页

作者： Mimi Mei Ha Tiu Carmen ka man Fung Wing Yan Fung Yin Yee Lai Chui man Tse Tsz Hung Wong Tsz Kwan Wong Wing Yi Wong Mei Suet Wu ka man yeung Lok Tung yeung Yuk Ying Yu School of Nursing and Health Studies The Open University of Hong Kong HKSAR China

Despite the official statistics showing that the number of drug users has been declining, the problem of drug abuse remains serious in Hong Kong. This problem is evidenced by the trend of hidden and prolonged drug abuse. The recovery of drug abusers is an important process, because the misuse of drugs can cause many bio-psycho-social complications. Therefore, 11 Counselling Centres for Psychotropic Substance Abusers (CCPSAs) in different districts in Hong Kong play an important role on those drug abusers [1]. As a core community-based drug rehabilitation service in Hong Kong, studies about CCPSAs are limited. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore the experience of drug abusers participating in community-based drug rehabilitation services provided by CCPSAs. Five CCPSA users, who utilized the services for more than two months, participated in the semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Data collected were then analysed by thematic analysis, and five themes were generated: 1) receiving supportive counselling service in CCPSAs, 2) revealing variance towards nonmandatory services in CCPSAs, 3) encountering intrapersonal conflicts when participating in CCPSAs, 4) expanding social network through integration in group activities and 5) wishing to be a companion to other drug abusers. Findings of this study provide valuable insights towards services modification and the enhancement of drug rehabilitation and drug abusers’ wellbeing over the collaboration of healthcare workers, services providers and the media. However, this study has some limitations, and it presents suggestions for future research.

关键词： Drug Rehabilitation Services Counselling Centres Substances Abusers

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ML(n)BiCGStab: Reformulation, Analysis and Implementation

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2012年第3期5卷 447-492页

作者： man-Chung yeung Department of Mathematics University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA

With the aid of index functions,we re-derive the ML(n)BiCGStab algorithm in[yeung and Chan,SIAM ***.,21(1999),pp.1263-1290]*** are n ways to define the ML(n)BiCGStab residual *** definition leads to a different ML(n)BiCGStab *** demonstrate this by presenting a second algorithm which requires less *** theory,this second algorithm serves as a bridge that connects the Lanczos-based BiCGStab and the Arnoldi-based FOM while ML(n)BiCG is a bridge connecting BiCG and *** also analyze the breakdown situation from the probabilistic point of view and summarize some useful properties of ML(n)*** issues are also addressed.

关键词： CGS BiCGStab ML(n)BiCGStab multiple starting Lanczos Krylov subspace iterative methods linear systems

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Optimal Design of Splitters Attached to Turbo Blower Impeller by RSM

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第3期21卷 215-222页

作者： Choon-man Jang ka-Ram Choi Environmental Engineering Research Division Korea Institute of Construction Technology

This paper describes the optimization of the impeller having splitters for a turbo *** design variables,chord of splitter and pitch of splitter,are introduced to enhance the blower *** pressure and ef-ficiency are selected as an object function,and the optimization of the blower impeller is performed by a response surface method (RSM).Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are introduced to analyze the internal flow of the blower and to find the value of the object function for each *** the shape optimization of the splitters attached to the impeller in the turbo blower,pressure and efficiency at the design flow condition are suc-cessively increased by 5.9 percent and 17.9 percent respectively based on the reference *** higher blower efficiency obtained by optimization of impeller having splitters is mainly caused by reducing the number of im-peller blades and optimal design of splitters in the blade passage while pressure increase keeps almost the same with the reference *** the object function of pressure,pressure increase is obtained at the design and off-design conditions while efficiency keeps higher compared to the reference *** enhancement of blow-er performance is due to the reduction of reverse and circulation flows in the blade passage.

关键词： Turbo Blower Splitter Numerical Simulation Optimal Design Pressure Response Surface Method

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Epac2-deficiency leads to more severe retinal swelling, glial reactivity and oxidative stress in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion induced ischemic retinopathy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 521-530页

作者： LIU Jin yeung Patrick ka Kit CHENG Lu LO Amy Cheuk Yin CHUNG Stephen Sum man CHUNG Sookja Kim Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Department of Ophthalmology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Research Centre of Heart Brain Hormone and Healthy Aging Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Division of Science and Technology United International College Zhuhai 519085 China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The University of Hong Kong

Ischemia occurs in diabetic retinopathy with neuronal loss, edema, glial cell reactivity and oxidative stress. Epacs, consisting of Epac 1 and Epac2, are cAMP mediators playing important roles in maintenance of endothelial barrier and neuronal functions To investigate the roles of Epacs in the pathogenesis of ischemic retinopathy, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （tMCAO） was performed on Epacl-deficient （Epacl-/- ） mice, Epac2-deficient （Epac2-/-） mice, and their wild type counter-parts （Epacl＋/＋ and Epac2＋/＋）. Two-hour occlusion and 22-hour reperfusion were conducted to induce ischemia/reperfusion injury to the retina. After tMCAO, the contralateral retinae displayed similar morphology between different genotypes. Neu-ronal loss, retinal edema and increase in immunoreactivity for aquaporin 4 （AQP4）, glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, peroxiredoxin 6 （Prx6） were observed in ipsilateral retinae. Epac2 / ipsilateral retinae showed more neuronal loss in retinal ganglion cell layer, increased retinal thickness and stronger immunostaining of AQP4, GFAP, and Prx6 than those of Epac2＋/＋. However, Epacl-/- ipsilateral retinae displayed similar pathology as those in Epacl＋/＋ mice. Our observations suggest that Epac2-deficiency led to more severe ischemic retinopathy after retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： Epac retina ischemia retinopathy

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siRNA, miRNA and HIV: promises and challenges

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Cell Research 2005年第Z1期15卷 935-946页

作者： man Lung yeung Yamina BENNASSER Kuan Teh JEANG Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program NCI Center for Cancer Research NCI National Institutes of Health Fredrick MD 21702 USA

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) are small RNAs of 18-25 nucleotides (nt) in length that play important roles in regulating gene expression. They are incorporated into an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and serve as guides for silencing their corresponding target mRNAs based on complementary base-pairing. The promise of gene silencing has led many researchers to consider siRNA as an anti-viral tool. However, in long-term settings, many viruses appear to escape from this therapeutical strategy. An example of this may be seen in the case of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) which is able to evade RNA silencing by either mutating the siRNA- targeted sequence or by encoding for a partial suppressor of RNAi (RNA interference). On the other hand, because miRNA targeting does not require absolute complementarity of base-pairing, mutational escape by viruses from miRNA- specified silencing may be more difficult to achieve. In this review, we discuss stratagems used by various viruses to avoid the cells’ antiviral si/mi-RNA defenses and notions of how viruses might control and regulate host cell genes by encoding viral miRNAs (vmiRNAs).

关键词： small interfering RNA microRNA RNA interference human immunodeficiency virus type-1 RNA-in- duced silencing complex suppressor of siRNA viral miRNA.

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Performance of ground penetrating radar in root detection and its application in root diameter estimation under controlled conditions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第1期59卷 145-155页

作者： yeung Shan Wing YAN Wai man HAU Chi Hang Billy Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong kadoorie Institute The University of Hong Kong

A plant is stabilized by its root system. In congested urban cities such as Hong Kong, ground trenching is frequently seen due to the installation of utility lines along the roadside. Soil nailing, which involves soil coring in slopes, is a common solution to improve the slope stability. However, both activities inevitably pose a risk to the integrity of any root sys- tems present, and thus reduce the root anchorage. To prevent or minimize such damage, a careful design of the excava- tion/drilling location is of prime importance. Ground penetrating radar （GPR） provides a non-destructive method for locating roots by examining the contrast between the dielectric properties of the roots and the surrounding soil. To examine the perfor- mance of GPR and promote its use in Hong Kong, a test bed was prepared using local materials to create a controlled envi- ronment in which to conduct a series of systematic tests evaluating the performance of a 900 MHz GPR. The reflected radar- grams were subject to the influence of the following factors： size and depth of roots, horizontal distance between roots, and contrast between the root and soil water content. Correlations between root size and a number of waveform parameters were also explored. Limiting values for root size, root embedded depth, horizontal separation distance between roots, and water content contrast between root and soil were obtained. A significant correlation was found between the root diameter and time travel parameter T2 （p〈0.001, t=0.795）. Because GPR root detection is highly site-specific, this study provides a local refer- ence for GPR performance in the Hong Kong environment. The findings demonstrate that the 900 MHz GPR is applicable in Hong Kong for the detection of main roots.

关键词： GPR Radar profile Root detection Root water content Root size

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Application of robotics in gastrointestinal endoscopy:Areview

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第5期22卷 1811-1825页

作者： Baldwin Po man yeung Philip Wai Yan Chiu Department of Surgery Prince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina

Multiple robotic flexible endoscope platforms have been developed based on cross specialty collaboration between engineers and medical doctors. However, significant number of these platforms have been developed for the natural orifice transluminal endo-scopic surgery paradigm. Increasing amount of evidence suggest the focus of development should be placed on advanced endolumenal procedures such as endoscopic submucosal dissection instead. A thorough literature analysis was performed to assess the current status of robotic flexible endoscopic platforms designed for advanced endolumenal procedures. Current efforts are mainly focused on robotic locomotion and robotic instrument control. In the future, advances in actuation and servoing technology, optical analysis, augmented reality and wireless power transmission technology will no doubt further advance the field of robotic endoscopy. Globally, health systems have become increasingly budget conscious; widespread acceptance of robotic endoscopy will depend on careful design to ensure its delivery of a cost effective service.

关键词： Robotics/instrumentation Endoscopes Endoscopic submucosal dissection Therapeuticendoscopy Robotic surgery Medical devices Naturalorifice endoscopic surgery/instrumentation

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Martin boundary and exit space on the Sierpinski gasket

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第3期55卷 475-494页

作者： LAU ka-Sing NGAI Sze-man Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Mathematical Sciences Georgia Southern University

We define a new Markov chain on the symbolic space representing the Sierpinski gasket (SG),and show that the corresponding Martin boundary is homeomorphic to the SG while the minimal Martin boundary is the three vertices of the *** addition,the harmonic structure induced by the Markov chain coincides with the canonical one on the *** suggests another approach to consider the existence of Laplacians on those self-similar sets for which the problem is still not settled.

关键词： Martin boundary Markov chain Green function harmonic function fractal Sierpinski gasket

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Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) and related fluorochemicals in chicken egg in China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第4期53卷 501-507页

作者： WANG Yuan yeung Leo Wai Yin YAMASHITA Nobuyoshi TANIYASU Sachi SO man ka Margaret B. MURPHY LAM Paul Kwan Sing Centre for Coastal Pollution and Conservation Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Tong HKSAR China National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 16-10nogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8569 Japan

The ubiquitous occurrence of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs) in environmental samples has drawn much *** human exposure studies found relatively high perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) concentrations in blood samples from several cities in China when compared with other *** objectives of the present study were:(1) to measure PFC concentrations and compositions in chicken egg samples from local markets in China;and(2) to conduct a preliminary human health risk assessment of egg *** pooled egg samples from eight locations were analyzed for 11 *** results showed that close to 100% of the PFOS in the egg was distributed in egg yolk and PFOS was not detected in egg white(<0.08 ng/g wet weight,w/w).Of the perfluoroalkylsulfonates,only PFOS was detected in all egg samples,while of the perfluoroalkylcarboxylates,perfluoroundecanoic acid(PFUnDA) was detected in all samples,followed by perfluorooctanoate(PFOA)(75% occurrence) and perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA)(50% occurrence).PFOS concentrations in egg ranged from 45.0 to 86.9 ng/g w/*** results suggested that current concentrations of PFOS in domestic chicken eggs are unlikely to cause immediate harm to Chinese populations.

关键词：中国鸡蛋人体健康风险评估污染物含氟化合物全氟辛烷磺酸

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Electromagnetic wave propagation of wireless capsule endoscopy in human body

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第10期20卷 2650-2656页

作者： LIM Eng-Gee 王炤陈瑾慧 TILLO Tammam man ka-lok Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

Wireless capsule endoscopy(WCE) is a promising technique which has overcome some limitations of traditional diagnosing tools, such as the comfortlessness of the cables and the inability of examining small intestine section. However, this technique is still far from mature and asks for the feasible improvements. For example, the relatively low transmission data rate and the absence of the real-time localization information of the capsule are all important issues. The studies of them rely on the understanding of the electromagnetic wave propagation in human body. Investigation of performance of WCE communication system was carried out by studying electromagnetic(EM) wave propagation of the wireless capsule endoscopy transmission channel. Starting with a pair of antennas working in a human body mimic environment, the signal transmissions and attenuations were examined. The relationship between the signal attenuation and the capsule(transmitter) position, and direction was also evaluated. These results provide important information for real-time localization of the capsule. Moreover, the pair of antennas and the human body were treated as a transmission channel, on which the binary amplitude shift keying(BASK) modulation scheme was used. The relationship between the modulation scheme, data rate and bit error rate was also determined in the case of BASK. With the obtained studies, it make possible to provide valuable information for further studies on the selection of the modulation scheme and the real-time localization of the capsules.

关键词： wireless capsule electromagnetic wave propagation transmission channel

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