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Perioperative"remote"acute lung injury:recent update

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第3期31卷 197-212页

作者： Zhaosheng Jin ka chun suen Daqing Ma Anaesthetics Pain Medicine and intensive CareDepartment of Surgery and CancerFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonChelsea&Westminster HospitalLondon SW10 9NHUK

Perioperative acute lung injury（ALI） is a syndrome characterised by hypoxia and chest radiograph *** is a serious post-operative complication,associated with considerable mortality and *** addition to mechanical ventilation,remote organ insult could also trigger systemic responses which induce ***,there are limited treatment options available beyond conservative respiratory ***,increasing understanding of the pathophysiology of ALI and the biochemical pathways involved will aid the development of novel treatments and help to improve patient outcome as well as to reduce cost to the health *** this review we will discuss the epidemiology of peri-operative ALI;the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved on the pathological process;the clinical considerations in preventing and managing perioperative ALI and the potential future treatment options.

关键词： acute lung injury intraoperative care/adverse effects postoperative complications inflammation,anesthetics general fluid therapy

A prospective cohort of men with localized prostate cancer on active surveillance protocol in Hong Kong,China:what did we learn?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 245-249页

作者： Xiaobo Wu Ivan Ching-Ho Ko Cindy Yeuk-Lam Hong Samuel Chi-Hang Yee Jeremy Yuen-chun Teoh Samson Yun-Sang Chan Ho-Man Tam Chi-Kwok Chan Chi-Fai Ng Peter ka-Fung Chiu SH Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

This study aimed to report the outcomes of active surveillance(AS)in the management of low-risk prostate cancer(PCa).It recruited87 men who were prospectively followed up according to the Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance(PRIAS)protocol with local adaptation at SH Ho Urology Centre,Prince of Wales Hospital,Hong Kong,*** investigated the predictorsof disease progression and found that baseline prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD)and the presence of the highest ProstateImaging-Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)score 5 lesion on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are significantly correlatedwith disease ***,men with PSAD>0.2 ng ml^(−2)or PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions had significantly worse upgradingfree survival compared to those with PSAD≤0.2 ng ml−2 and PI-RADS 2 or 3 *** study concludes that AS is a safe andeffective management strategy for selected patients to defer radical treatment and that most disease progression can be detectedafter the first repeated *** combination of PSAD>0.2 ng ml^(−2)and PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions may serve as a useful predictorof early disease progression and provide a guide to optimize follow-up protocols for men in different risk groups.

关键词： active surveillance cohort localized prostate cancer

Effectiveness of post-COVID-19 primary care attendance in improving survival in very old patients with multimorbidity:a territory-wide target trial emulation

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 25-35页

作者： Cuiling Wei Vincent ka chun Yan Camille Maringe Wenxin Tian Rachel Yui Ki Chu Wenlong Liu Boyan Liu Yuqi Hu Lingyue Zhou Celine Sze Ling Chui Xue Li Eric Yuk Fai Wan Ching Lung Cheung Esther Wai Yin Chan William Chi Wai Wong Ian Chi Kei Wong Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Health Services Research and Policy Faculty of Public Health and PolicyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK School of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong KongHong Kong Advanced Data Analytics for Medical Science(ADAMS)Limited Hong KongHong Kong Department of Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenPeople's Republic of China Aston Pharmacy School Aston UniversityBirminghamUK School of Pharmacy Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipaMacao

Objectives Older individuals with multimorbidity are at an elevated risk of infection and complications from *** of post-COVID-19 interventions or care models in reducing subsequent adverse outcomes in these individuals have rarely been *** study aims to examine the effectiveness of attending general outpatient within 30 days after discharge from COVID-19 on 1-year survival among older adults aged 85 years or above with *** Retrospective cohort study emulating a randomised target trial using electronic health *** We used data from the Hospital Authority and the Department of Health in Hong Kong,which provided comprehensive electronic health records,COVID-19 confirmed case data,population-based vaccination records and other individual characteristics for the *** Adults aged 85 years or above with multimorbidity who were discharged after hospitalisation for COVID-19 between January 2020 and August *** Attending a general outpatient within 30 days of last COVID-19 discharge defined the exposure,compared to no outpatient *** outcome measures Primary outcome was all-cause mortality within one *** outcomes included mortality from respiratory,cardiovascular and cancer *** A total of 6183 eligible COVID-19 survivors were included in the *** all-cause mortality rate following COVID-19 hospitalisation was lower in the general outpatient visit group(17.1 deaths per 100 person-year)compared with non-visit group(42.8 deaths per 100 person-year).After adjustment,primary care consultations within 30 days after discharge were associated with a significantly greater 1-year survival(difference in 1-year survival:11.2%,95%CI 8.1%to 14.4%).We also observed significantly better survival from respiratory diseases in the general outpatient visit group(difference in 1-year survival:6.3%,95%CI 3.5%to 8.9%).In a sensitivity analysis for different grace period lengths

关键词： morbidity visit records

Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by chemical genetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 4028-4044页

作者： Chris chun-Yiu Chan Qian Guo Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan kaiming Tang Jian-Piao Cai Kenn ka-Heng Chik Yixin Huang Mei Dai Bo Qin Chon Phin Ong Allen Wing-Ho Chu Wan-Mui Chan Jonathan Daniel Ip Lei Wen Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang Tong-Yun Wang Yubin Xie Zhenzhi Qin Jianli Cao Zi-Wei Ye Hin Chu Kelvin kai-Wang To Xing-Yi Ge Tao Ni Dong-Yan Jin Sheng Cui Kwok-Yung Yuen Shuofeng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Carol Yu Centre for InfectionDepartment of MicrobiologySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518000China Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong SAR 999077China Academician Workstation of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University-the University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious DiseasesHaikou 571100China School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China College of Biology Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical VirologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

There are only eight approved small molecule antiviral drugs for treating *** them,four are nucleotide analogues(remdesivir,JT001,molnupiravir,and azvudine),while the other four are protease inhibitors(nirmatrelvir,ensitrelvir,leritrelvir,and simnotrelvir-ritonavir).Antiviral resistance,unfavourable drug‒drug interaction,and toxicity have been reported in previous *** there is a dearth of new treatment options for *** this work,a three-tier cell-based screening was employed to identify novel compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 *** compound,designated 172,demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple human pathogenic coronaviruses and different SARS-CoV-2 variants of *** studies validated by reverse genetics showed that compound 172 inhibits the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease(3CLpro)by binding to an allosteric site and reduces 3CLpro dimerization.A drug synergistic checkerboard assay demonstrated that compound 172 can achieve drug synergy with nirmatrelvir in *** vivo studies confirmed the antiviral activity of compound 172 in both Golden Syrian Hamsters and K18 humanized ACE2 ***,this study identified an alternative druggable site on the SARS-CoV-23CLpro,proposed a potential combination therapy with nirmatrelvir to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance and shed light on the development of allosteric protease inhibitors for treating a range of coronavirus diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 High throughput screening Broad-spectrum antiviral treatment 3CLpro inhibitor Allosteric-site inhibitor Animal models Chemical genetics Reverse genetics

Recovery of silica from sodium silicate solution of calcined boron mud

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Rare Metals 2016年第2期35卷 204-210页

作者： Zhi-Qiang Ning Yu-chun Zhai Hong-Wei Xie Qiu-Shi Song ka Yu School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University

The effect of several parameters on the recovery of silicon dioxide from calcined boron mud（CBM）such as stirring speed, temperature, sodium silicate concentration, and carbonation time was studied. The recovery of silicon dioxide is 88 % when the stirring speed is450 r min-1, temperature is 60 °C, sodium silicate concentration is 1 mol L-1, and the carbonation time is 6 *** effect of carbonation time on the recovery of silicon dioxide is divided into three kinetic regimes, and the carbonation process of sodium silicate solution follows a second-order reaction based on the double-film theory model. The apparent rate constant of the three kinetic regimes is 0.064, 3.178, and 1.130 L h mol-1, *** amorphous SiO_2 products obtained by carbonating the purified solution have 99.6 % purity and are spherical with diameters of about 100 nm.

关键词： Boron mud Carbonation Recovery Silicon dioxide

Molecular Evidence for the Hybrid Origin of Bauhinia blakeana(Caesalpinioideae)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第1期50卷 111-118页

作者： chun Yin Mak ka Shing Cheung Pui Ying Yip Hoi Shan Kwan Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina

Bauhinia blakeana Dunn is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region emblem and a popular horticultural species in many Asian countries. It was first described as a new species from Hong Kong almost a century ago. This plant is sterile and has long been considered a hybrid, possibly from two related species, B. purpurea and B. variegata. However, not much evidence based on molecular methods was available to support this hypothesis. In this study, sequences of internal transcribed spacer I （ITS1）, rbcL and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer for five Bauhinia species and two varieties of one of the species were determined and compared. There were two types of ITS1 sequences in B. blakeana, one indistinguishable from that of B. purpurea and the other one identical to that of B. variegata. This confirmed that B. blakeana was a hybrid of these two species. Chloroplast atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer sequence of B. blakeana was identical to that of B. purpurea, indicating that B. purpurea was the female parent. The hybridization event seemed to occur only recently and was a rare incident. Its occurrence was likely facilitated by interspecific pollen competition. It appeared that human efforts played a crucial role in the preservation and ubiquity of B. blakeana.

关键词： atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer Bauhinia internal transcribed spacer 1 interspecific hybrid interspecific pollen competition.

Reactions’Descriptors Selection and Yield Estimation Using Metaheuristic Algorithms and Voting Ensemble

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4745-4762页

作者： Olutomilayo Olayemi Petinrin Faisal Saeed Xiangtao Li Fahad Ghabban ka-chun Wong Department of Computer Science City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR Information Systems Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringTaibah UniversityTaybaMedina42353Saudi Arabia Hong Kong Institute for Data Science City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR

Bioactive compounds in plants,which can be synthesized using N-arylationmethods such as the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction,are essential in drug discovery for their pharmacological *** descriptors are necessary for the estimation of yields in these *** study explores ten metaheuristic algorithms for descriptor selection and model a voting ensemble for *** algorithms were evaluated based on computational time and the number of selected *** show that robust performance is obtained with more descriptors,compared to cases where fewer descriptors are *** essential descriptor was deduced based on the frequency of occurrence within the 50 extracted data subsets,and better performance was achieved with the voting ensemble than other algorithms with RMSE of 6.4270 and R^(2) of *** results and deductions from this study can be readily applied in the decision-making process of chemical synthesis by saving the computational cost associated with initial descriptor selection for yield *** ensemble model has also shown robust performance in its yield estimation ability and efficiency.

关键词： Buchwald-Hartwig reaction descriptor selection machine learning metaheuristic algorithm palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction voting ensemble

The parallel tetrameric DNA G-quadruplex formed by the two-repeat C9orf72 GGGGCC sequence in solution Dedicated to Professor Chaohui Ye on the occasion of his 80th birthday

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2022年第4期2卷 196-204页

作者： Changdong Liu Bo Zhou Naining Xu chun Po Fung Bing Yan Monica Ching suen Zeguo Huang Guang Zhu Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR00000China HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute Hi-Tech ParkNanshanShenzhen518057China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Stomatological CenterPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhen518036China Hong Kong Branch of Guangdong Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory(Guangzhou) Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR00000China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR00000China

The abnormal expansion of G-rich hexanucleotide repeat,GGGGCC(G4C2),in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72(C9orf72)is known to be the prevailing genetic cause of two fatal degenerative neurological diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD).It is well known that the DNA G4C2 repeat expansion with different lengths can form G-quadruplexes which affect gene transcription related to ALS/FTD,therefore it is crucial to understand DNA G4C2 G-quadruplex ***,by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,we examined DNA G-quadruplex structure adopted by two G4C2 hexanucleotide repeats with an inosine substitution at position 4,d(G4C2)*** show that d(G4C2)2-I4 folds into an eight-layer parallel tetrameric G-quadruplex containing two parallel dimeric G-quadruplexes stacking together through p-p interaction via 50-to-50 mode in *** dimeric G-quadruplex unit involves two propeller loops composed of two cytosine *** result is consistent with the observation in the crystal structure of d(G4C2)*** work not only sheds light on the structural diversity of G-quadruplexes adopted by d(G4C2)n but also provides a structural basis for drug design in treatment of ALS and FTD.

关键词： Hexanucleotide repeat G4C2 expansion G-quadruplex Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) Frontotemporal dementia(FTD) Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome caused by the c.2678C>T mutation in the androgen receptor gene:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第35期9卷 11036-11042页

作者： ka-Na Wang Qing-Qing Chen Yi-Lin Zhu chun-Lin Wang Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Androgen insensitivity syndrome is an X-linked recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the androgen receptor gene(AR).However,the underlying molecular mechanisms for the majority of AR variants remain *** this study,we identified a point variant in three patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome(CAIS),summarized the correlation analysis,and performed a literature *** SUMMARY The proband was raised as a *** infancy,she was first referred to hospital with a right inguinal *** revealed the absence of a uterus and ovaries,and a testis-like structure located at the inguinal *** diagnostic workup detected a 46,XY karyotype,and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed the presence of the SRY *** analysis revealed the excised tissue to be *** years later,she was admitted to our hospital with a lack of breast *** pubic hair and breasts were Tanner stage *** had normal female external *** hormone tests showed normal testosterone levels,low estradiol levels,and high gonadotropin *** two siblings underwent similar examinations,and all three had a rare hemizygous missense mutation in AR:c.2678C>*** vitro functional analyses revealed decreased nuclear translocation in AR-c.2678C>T mutation *** This case of CAIS was caused by an AR variant(c.2678C>T).Functional studies showed impaired nuclear translocation ability of the mutant protein.

关键词： Androgen insensitivity syndrome 46 XY disorders of sex development Variants Androgen receptor gene Ligand-binding domain Case report