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Comparison of Body Mass Index with Body Fat Percentage in the Evaluation of Obesity in Chinese

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2010年第3期23卷 173-179页

作者： CHEN WANG Xu-HONG HOU MING-LIANG ZHANG Yu-QIAN BAO Yu-HUA ZOU WEN-HONG ZHONG kun-san xiang WEI-PING JIA Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital Shanghai Diabetes Institute Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes Shanghai 200233 China Caoyang Health Center Shanghai 200062 China CHuayang Health Center Shanghai 200442 China

Objective To evaluate the present Chinese body mass index （BMI） criteria with body fat percentage （BF%） in determining obesity in Chinese population. Methods A total of 4 907 subjects （age： 20-90 yrs） were enrolled in the baselirie survey of a longitudinal epidemiological study, and 2 638 of them were reevaluated in 5.5 years later. The Chinese BMI and WHO BF% were used to define obesity, respectively. Results The diagnostic agreement between the Chinese BMI and WHO BF% definitions for obesity was poor for both men （kappa： 0.210, 95% CI： 0.179-0.241） and women （kappa： 0.327, 95% CI： 0.296-0.358）. However, BMI had a good correlation with BF% both in men （r： 0.785, P〈0.01） and women （r： 0.864, P〈0.01）. The age and sex-adjusted relative risks （RR） for incidence of type 2 diabetes （T2DM） were significantly higher in subjects with intermediate BF% （BF%：20.1%-25% for men, 30.1%-35% for women）（RR： 2.35, 95% CI： 1.23-4.48） and high BF%（BF%〉25% for men and 〉35% for women）（RR： 2.89, 95% CI： 1.43-5.81）, or in subjects with high BMI （BMI≥ 28 kg/m2）（RR： 2.46, 95% CI： 1.31-4.63） when compared to those with low BF% （BF%≤20% for men ands〈30% for women） or low BMI （BMI〈24 kg/m^2） respectively. No difference in risk could be found in those with intermediate BMI （BMI： 24-27.9 kg/m^2）（RR： 1.44, 95% CI： 0.86-2.40）, as compared to those with low BMI （BMI〈24 kg/m^2）, whose BF% ranged widely from 7.8 to 50.3%. Conclusion BMI was correlated with BF%. Both BMI and BF% were associated with high risk for T2DM. However, BMI had its limitations in the interpretation of subjects with BMI between 24 and 27.9 kg/m^2.

关键词： BMI BF% Obesity

Intracellular Retention of Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor:A Molecular Mechanism Underlying Early-onset Obesity in F261S Pedigree of Chinese

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期21卷 280-285页

作者： QI-CHEN FANG WEI-PING JIA SHU-BING CAI XIN-YU SHAO RONG ZHANG CONG-RONG WANG YU-QIAN BAO kun-san xiang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center of DiabetesShanghai 200233China

Objective To investigate how F261S mutation identified from Chinese obese patients affects the function of melanocorfin 4 receptor (MC4R) and to analyze the obesity-related phenotypes in subjects carrying the F261S mutation. Methods F261S mutant of MC4R was generated by site-directed mutagenesis. Plasmids encoding wild-type or F261S mutant of MC4R were transfected into HEK293 and COS-7 cells to examine their functional characteristics. Signaling properties of F261S MC4R were assessed by measuring intracellular cAMP levels in response to α-MSH stimulation. Cell surface expression of F261S MC4R was compared with that of wild-type MC4R. Clinical examinations were performed in subjects carrying F261S mutation and in non-mutated controls. Results The a-MSH-stimulated reporter gene activity was significantly reduced in cells expressing F261S MC4R, with a maximal response equal to 57% of wild-type MC4R. The F261S mutation also led to a significant change in the EC50 value compared with the wild-type receptor (P〈0.01). Immunofluorescent assay revealed a marked reduction in plasma membrane localization of the MC4R in cells expressing the F261S mutant receptor. The resting metabolic rate and fat composition of the mutant carriers were not significantly different from those of the non-mutated obese controls. Conclusions The decreased response to α-MSH due to the intracellular retention of MC4R may cause early-onset obesity in the F261S pedigree of Chinese.

关键词： Obesity Melanocortin 4 receptor Mutation Chinese

Efficient dynamic pruning on largest scores first (LSF) retrieval

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016年第1期17卷 1-14页

作者： kun JIANG Yue-xiang YANG College of Computer National University of Defense Technology

Inverted index traversal techniques have been studied in addressing the query processing performance challenges of web search engines, but still leave much room for improvement. In this paper, we focus on the inverted index traversal on document-sorted indexes and the optimization technique called dynamic pruning, which can efficiently reduce the hardware computational resources required. We propose another novel exhaustive index traversal scheme called largest scores first(LSF) retrieval, in which the candidates are first selected in the posting list of important query terms with the largest upper bound scores and then fully scored with the contribution of the remaining query terms. The scheme can effectively reduce the memory consumption of existing term-at-atime(TAAT) and the candidate selection cost of existing document-at-a-time(DAAT) retrieval at the expense of revisiting the posting lists of the remaining query terms. Preliminary analysis and implementation show comparable performance between LSF and the two well-known baselines. To further reduce the number of postings that need to be revisited, we present efficient rank safe dynamic pruning techniques based on LSF, including two important optimizations called list omitting(LSF_LO) and partial scoring(LSF_PS) that make full use of query term importance. Finally, experimental results with the TREC GOV2 collection show that our new index traversal approaches reduce the query latency by almost 27% over the WAND baseline and produce slightly better results compared with the Max Score baseline, while returning the same results as exhaustive evaluation.

关键词： Inverted index, Index traversal, Query latency, Largest scores first (LSF) retrieval, Dynamic pruning

Improved delayed detached-eddy simulation of massive separation around triple cylinders

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第6期31卷 799-816页

作者： Zhi-xiang Xiao kun-Yu Luo School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University

The massively separated flow past triple cylin- ders （TriC） in tandem arrangement is simulated using the improved delayed detached-eddy simulation （IDDES） method based on the shear stress transport （SST） model, coupled with the high order adaptive dissipation scheme. The spacing between adjacent cylinders is sub-critical （1.435D）. IDDES prediction of two cylinders （TC） with the same spacing is compared to experimental data for validation, and the numerical results agree well with the available measurements, except for the asymmetry in the gap region. The flow past TriC is investigated using the same method. Generally, the mean flow quantities past TriC, such as the velocity, pressure, and vorticity, are similar to the corresponding components of TC. However, the pressure fluctuations on the TriC surface are uniformly larger than those on TC. Meanwhile, the instantaneous flows past TriC are much more complex. The periodical blockage in the first gap region is found in the TriC case and leads to the up-and-down movement of shear layer in the second gap region.

关键词： Triple cylinders - Massive separation. IDDES ·Hybrid RANS/LES methods

A survey of heavy–heavy hadronic molecules

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第12期73卷 86-104页

作者： xiang-kun Dong Feng-kun Guo Bing-Song Zou CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The spectrum of hadronic molecules composed of heavy-antiheavy charmed hadrons has been obtained in our previous *** potentials are constants at the leading order,which are estimated from resonance *** experimental candidates of hadronic molecules,say X(3872),Y(4260),three P_(c)states and P_(cs)(4459),fit the spectrum *** success in describing the pattern of heavy-antiheavy hadronic molecules stimulates us to give more predictions for the heavy-heavy cases,which are less discussed in literature than the heavy-antiheavy *** that the heavy-antiheavy hadronic molecules,several of which have strong experimental evidence,emerge from the dominant constant interaction from resonance saturation,we find that the existence of many heavy-heavy hadronic molecules is *** these predicted heavy-heavy states we highlight the DD;molecule and the D^(*)∑_(c)^(*)molecules,which are the partners of the famous X(3872)and Pc *** recently,LHCb collaboration reported a doubly charmed tetraquark state,T_(cc),which is in line with our results for the DD^(*)*** the first experimental signal of this new kind of exotic states,the upcoming update of the LHCb experiment as well as other experiments will provide more chances of observing the heavy-heavy hadronic molecules.

关键词： hadronic molecules heavy-heavy systems Bethe-Salpeter equation constant interaction resonance saturation

Treatment of coke plant wastewater by SND fixed biofilm hybrid system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第2期19卷 153-159页

作者： QI Rong YANG kun YU Zhao-xiang Department of Chemistry Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

In this article, coke plant wastewater was treated by a simultaneous nitrifying and denitrifying （SND） fixed biofilm hybrid system. The results showed that suitable parameters of the system were important for the performance of the bio-degradation system. The chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency in this system was satisfactory, higher than 94%, and ammonia nitrogen was higher than 95%. The effluent COD concentration could meet the discharge standard, except for very few situations. The results showed that a sufficient carbon source was important for making ammonia nitrogen concentration meet the discharge standard. Then the TiN removal efficiency in this system can be brought higher than 94%. Dissolved oxygen （DO） is very important to the performance of the SND bio-degradation system, and the suitable DO is about 3.5-4.0 mg/L at the forepart of reactor. In addition, the performance of the system was almost not affected by pH value. The results show that the system is feasible to treat coke plant wastewater.

关键词： coke plant wastewater SND fixed biofilm ammonia nitrogen COD carbon source

Excitation spectral microscopy for highly multiplexed fluoresce nee imagi ng and quantitative biose rising

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第6期10卷 1041-1052页

作者： kun Chen Rui Yan Limin xiang Ke Xu College of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA. Division of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA. Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCAUSA

The multiplexing capability of fluorescence microscopy is severely limited by the broad fluorescence spectral *** imaging offers potential solutions,yet typical approaches to disperse the local emission spectra notably impede the attain able *** we show that using a sin gle,fixed fluoresc ence emission detection band,through frame-synchronized fast seanning of the excitation wavelength from a white lamp via an acousto-optic tun able filter,up to six subcellular targets,labeled by common fluorophores of substantial spectral overlap,can be simultaneously imaged in live cells with low(〜1%)crosstalks and high temporal resolutions(down to~10 ms).The dem on strated capability to quantify the abundances of different fluorophores in the same sample through unmixing the excitation spectra next enables us to devise novel,quantitative imaging schemes for both bi-state and Forster resonance energy transfer fluorescent biosensors in live *** thus achieve high sensitivities and spatiotemporal resolutions in quantifying the mitochondrial matrix pH and intracellular macromolecular crowding,and further demonstrate,for the first time,the multiplexing of absolute pH imaging with three additional target organelles/proteins to elucidate the complex,Parkin-mediated mitophagy ***,excitation spectral microscopy provides exceptional opportunities for highly multiplexed fluorescence *** prospect of acquiring fast spectral images without the need for fluorescence dispersion or care for the spectral response of the detector offers tremendous potential.

关键词： spectral excitation exceptional

High energy storage performance in AgNbO_(3) relaxor ferroelectric films induced by nanopillar structure

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 160-166页

作者： xiang Li Jing Wang Xingyuan san Ning Wang Lei Zhao Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory of Hebei Province College Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding 071002 China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Huangpu Hydrogen Energy Innovation Center School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China

Inspired by the increasing demand for energy-storage capacitors in electrical and electronic systems, dielectrics with high energy-storage performance have attracted more and more attention. AgNbO_(3) -based lead-free ceramics serve as one of the most promising environmental-friendly candidates. However, their energy storage optimization is seriously limited by the low breakdown strength. Fortunately, thin film as a form of AgNbO3 materials can effectively improve the breakdown strength. In this work, AgNbO_(3)film with ∼550 nm in thickness was deposited on SrRuO_(3 )/(001)SrTiO_(3) using pulsed laser deposition. The AgNbO_(3) film reveals typical relaxor ferroelectric hysteresis loops due to the new nanopillar structure, which contributes to high breakdown strength of up to 1200 kV cm^(-1) . Benefiting from the high breakdown strength, a recoverable energy storage density of 10.3 J cm^(-3) and an energy efficiency of 72.2% are obtained in the AgNbO_(3) film, which demonstrates the promising prospect of AgNbO_(3) film for energy storage applications.

关键词： AgNbO3 film Relaxor ferroelectrics Energy storage performance Nanopillar structure

On all-propulsion design of integrated orbit and attitude control for inner-formation gravity field measurement satellite

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第12期54卷 3233-3242页

作者： JI Li LIU kun xiang JunHua Institute of Aerospace and Material Engineering National Universitry of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

The inner-formation gravity field measurement satellite （IFS） is a novel pure gravitational orbiter. It aims to measure the Earth＇s gravity field with unprecedented accuracy and spatial resolution by means of precise orbit determination （POD） and relative state measurement. One of the key factors determining the measurement level is the outer-satellite control used for keeping the inner-satellite flying in a pure gravitational orbit stably. In this paper the integrated orbit and attitude control of IFS during steady-state phase was investigated using only thrusters. A six degree-of-freedom translational and rotational dynamics model was constructed considering nonlinearity resulted from quaternion expression and coupling induced by community thrusters. A feasible quadratic optimization model was established for the integrated orbit and attitude control using con- strained nonlinear model predictive control （CNMPC） techniques. Simulation experiment demonstrated that the presented CNMPC aigorithm can achieve rapid calculation and overcome the non-convexity of partial constraints. The thruster layout is rational with low thrust consumption, and the mission requirements of IFS are fully satisfied.

关键词： gravity field measurement satellite inner-formation integrated orbit and attitude control model predictive techniques