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Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期 67-73页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.J.Gu n.Cao Q.Kong m.Büscher S.m.Weng m.Chen Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory of nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (mo E) Institute of Modern Physics Department of Nuclear Science and Technology Fudan University State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences SAnKEn (Institute of Scienti?c and Industrial Research) Osaka University Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6) Forschungszentrum Jülich Institut für Laser- und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universit?t Düsseldorf Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (mo E) School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong University Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell simulations. The evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±Bargm.n.±michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection, and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection schemes. In the case of transverse self-injection, as found typically in the bubble regime, the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the wakefield. However, in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime (for example, F. Y. Li et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 135002 (2013)), the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser field. Since the electrons move around the laser axis, the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ignored. Finally, an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm supports antitumor imm.n.ty

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Cellular & molecular Imm.n.logy 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda mackenzie m.Lieberm.n.Caitlin m.James Shivana m.Lightm.n.Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emm.n. Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi Teresa W.m.Fan Andrew n.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Departm.n. of Imm.n.logy Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Departm.n. of medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Hum.n.Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environm.n.al Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Departm.n. of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:melvin and Bren Sim.n.Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determ.n.nt of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitm.n. to pre-m.n.s and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm2,a key determ.n.nt of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKm alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Imm.n.metabolism m.n. splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm2

Effects of site preparation methods on soil physical properties and outplanting success of coniferous seedlings in boreal forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 70-80页

作者： Aleksey S.Ilintsev Elena n.nakvasina Alexander P.Bogdanov northern Research Institute of Forestry 13 Nikitova Str.Arkhangelsk 163062Russian Federation Departm.n. of Silviculture and Forest m.n.gem.n. Northern(Arctic)Federal University Named After M.V.LomonosovSevernoy Dviny Emb.17Arkhangelsk 163002Russian Federation

This study assessed the effect of patch scarification and mounding on the physical properties of the root layer and the success of tree planting in various types of *** study was conducted on 12 forest sites in taiga forests of the European part of Russia.A total of 54 plots were set up to assess seedling survival;root collar diameter,height,and heigh increm.n. were measured for 240 seedlings to assess *** the rooting layer,240 soil samples were taken to determ.n. physical *** study showed that soil treatm.n. methods had no effect on bulk density and total porosity in Cladina ***,reduced soil moisture was noted,particularly in mounds,resulting in increased *** myrtillus sites,there were increased bulk density,reduced soil moisture,and total porosity in the *** treatm.n. in Polytrichum sites resulted in reduced soil moisture and increased aeration *** the myrtillus and Polytrichum sites,patch scarification had no effects on physical *** Polytrichum sites,survival rates,heights,and heigh increm.n.s of bareroot norway spruce seedlings in mounds were higher than in patches;however,the same did not apply to *** Cladina and myrtillus sites,there was no difference in growth for bareroot and containerised seedlings with different soil *** conditions and soil types should be considered when applying different soil treatm.n. methods to ensure high survival rates and successful seedling growth.

关键词： Boreal forests mechanical site preparation Patch scarification mounding Soil properties Containerised seedlings Bareroot seedlings

Effects of multiple shapes for steady flow with transformer oil+Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2) between two stretchable rotating disks

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第2期45卷 373-388页

作者： m.RAHm.n.m.TURKYILmAZOGLU Z.mUSHTAQ Departm.n. of mathematics Mirpur University of Science and TechnologyMirpur 10250Pakistan Departm.n. of mathematics Hacettepe UniversityBeytepeAnkara 06532Turkiye

In this study,we exam.n. the effects of various shapes of nanoparticles in a steady flow of hybrid nanofluids between two stretchable rotating *** steady flow of hybrid nanofluids with transformer oil as the base fluid and Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)as the hybrid nanofluid is *** shapes of Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)hybrid nanofluids,including sphere,brick,blade,cylinder,and platelet,are *** shape exists in the same volume of a *** leading equations(partial differential equations(PDEs))are transformed to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs)with the help of similarity *** system of equations takes the form of ODEs depending on the boundary conditions,whose solutions are computed numerically by the bvp4c mATLAB *** outputs are compared with the previous findings,and an intriguing pattern is discovered,such that the tangential velocity is increased for the rotation parameter,while it is decreased by the stretching values because of the lower *** the reaction rate parameter,the concentration boundary layer becomes shorter,and the activation energy component increases the rate at which mass transfers come to the higher disk but have the opposite effect on the bottom *** ranges of various parameters taken into account are Pr=6.2,Re=2,m=1.0,φ_(1)=φ_(2)=0.03,K=0.5,S=-0.1,Br=0.3,Sc=2.0,α_(1)=0.2,γ=0.1,E_(n)=2.0,and q=1.0,and the rotation factor K is within the range of 0 to 1.

关键词： transformer oil Brinkm.n.number skin friction coefficient double rotating disk nusselt number Sherwood number

Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable mg alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.V.nadaraia D.V.mashtalyar m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.m.Imshinetskiy m.S.Gerasim.n.o E.A.Belov V.V.Kumeiko D.n.Kozyrev K.A.Fom.n.o V.V.mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.S.Osmushko S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.V.Zhirm.n.ky national Scientific Center of marine Biology FEB RAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia nmIC“Treatm.n. and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a mg-mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatm.n. of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were *** to SEm,EDS,XRD and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirm.n. the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experim.n.,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin

Cognitive function am.n. military veterans with STEm occupations

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military medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.mcDaniel Kevin n.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Am.n.a m.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David L.Albright Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and trEatm.n.(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEm Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Departm.n. of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is limited research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(STEm)occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially am.n. military veterans,who may be at greater risk for later-life cognitive *** study exam.n.s a nationally representative sample of military veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and mathematics(STEm) Animal fluency test Dem.n.ia

Investigating Stability Properties for Transition metal Carbonate Precursors Using Universal Cluster Expansion Technique(UnCLE)as Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第1期14卷 26-33页

作者： mogahabo Tebogo morukuladi n.L.Lethole m.C.masedi n.n.ngoepe P.E.ngoepe materials modelling Centre University of LimpopoPrivate Bag x1106Sovenga 0727South Africa Departm.n. of Physics University of Fort HareAlice 5700South Africa

The universal cluster expansion technique was used in this study to determ.n. the binary phase diagrams for the transition metal carbonate precursors mCO3(m:mn,ni,Co).The use of mixed cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries such as nmC(ni,mn and Co)formulations,is a strategic approach to optimize perform.n.e,enhance safety and address cost and environm.n.al considerations in the rapidly evolving field of energy *** study focuses on the cost issue related to lithium ion batteries by investigating the m.n.anese rich nmC since m.n.anese is more abundant and *** doped mnCO3 with nickel and doped mnCO3 with cobalt then ran cluster expansion calculations to generate binary *** binary phase diagrams generated indicated that doping mnCO3 with nickel favours the mn-rich side,while doping mnCO3 with cobalt favours 50%mn-rich and 50%*** further extracted the most stable structures from both binary diagrams and determ.n.d their electronic,mechanical and vibrational stabilities using DFT(density functional theory)calculations within the LDA(local gradient approximation)with Hubbard parameter(U).The electronic properties revealed that both materials are semiconductors due to their narrow energy band gap obtained while the mechanical properties showed that structures are mechanically stable since their necessary conditions for trigonal and triclinic systems were satisfied.

关键词： Binary phase diagrams mechanical properties electronic conductivity phonon dispersion curves.

Rainfall Sensitivity to microphysics and Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations in Convection-Permitting Simulations over northwestern South America

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Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 805-825页

作者： K.Santiago HERnAnDEZ Sebastian GOmEZ-RIOS Juan J.HEnAO Vanessa ROBLEDO Alvaro RAmiREZ-CARDOnA Angela m.REnDOn Geolimna Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Grupo de Ingenieria y Gestion Ambiental(GIGA) Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

Convection-permitting modeling allows us to understand mechanisms that influence rainfall in specific ***,microphysics parameterization(mP) and planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes remain an important source of uncertainty,affecting rainfall intensity,occurrence,duration,and ***,we study the sensitivity of rainfall to three mP [Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) Single-mom.n. 6-class(WSm6),Thompson,and morrison] and two PBL [the Yonsei University(YSU) and mellor–Yamada nakanishi niino(m.n.)] schemes with a convection-permitting resolution(4 km) over northwestern South America(nWSA).Simulations were performed by using the WRF model and the results were evaluated against soundings,rain gauges,and satellite data,considering the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall over diverse regions prone to deep convection in *** and PBL schemes largely influenced simulated rainfall,with better results for the less computationally expensive WSm6 mP and YSU PBL *** rain gauges and satellite estimates,simulations with morrison mP overestimated rainfall,especially westward of the Andes,whereas the m.n. PBL underestimated precipitation in the Amazon–Savannas *** found that the uncertainty in the rainfall representation is highly dependent on the region,with a higher influence of mP in the Colombian Pacific and PBL in the Amazon–Savannas *** analyzing rainfall-related processes,the selection of both mP and PBL parameterizations exerted a large influence on the simulated lower tropospheric moisture flux and moisture *** schemes significantly influenced the downward shortwave radiation,with m.n. simulating a greater amount of low clouds,which decreased the radiation ***,latent heat fluxes were greater for YSU,favoring moist convection and *** schemes had a marked impact on vertical ***,morrison mP showed stronger convection and higher precipitation rates,which is assoc

关键词： sensitivity microphysics planetary boundary layer(PBL) Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) processes

Auxin signaling gets oxidative to promote root hair growth

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molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 696-698页

作者： Victoria Berdion Gabarain miguel A.Ibeas Hernan Salinas-Grenet Jose m.Estevez Fundación Instituto Leloir&IIBBA-COnICET Av.Patricias Argentinas 435Buenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile AnID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants(MN-SAP)SantiagoChile AnID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology(iBio)SantiagoChile

Root hairs(RHs)emerge as cylindrical cell protrusions from the root epidermis in a polar m.n.er,and these outgrows increase the rhizosphere space to acquire water and nutrients,anchor the plant,and interact with various soil *** is one of the key horm.n.s to promote RH growth,and high levels of auxin are directly promoted by low levels of macronutrients in the soil,such as phosphate(Bhosale et al.,2018)and nitrates(Jia et al.,2023).The nutritional signals for roots,which rapidly change in both time and place within the soil,are tightly linked to signaling pathways that execute swifts on cellular processes to adjust to a challenging *** rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs)are peptides that are released outside the cell and act as peptide-horm.n. *** attach to the extracellular domains of members of the Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KInASE 1-LIKE family,specifically FEROnIA(FER)in conjunction with its co-receptor LORELEI-LIKE-GPIAnCHORED PROTEIn 1.

关键词： soil outside alkali