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Development of a field enhanced photocatalytic device for biocide of coliform bacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期28卷 38-44页

作者： Jeff M.Huber krista l.Carlson Otakuye Conroy-Ben Mano Misra Swomitra K.Mohanty Departments of Civil Engineering University of Utah Departments of Metallurgical Engineering University of Utah Departments of Chemical Engineering University of Utah

A field enhanced flow reactor using bias assisted photocatalysis was developed for bacterial disinfection in lab-synthesized and natural waters. The reactor provided complete inactivation of contaminated waters with flow rates of 50 ml/min. The device consisted of titanium dioxide nanotube arrays, with an externally applied bias of up to 6 V. light intensity, applied voltage, background electrolytes and bacteria concentration were all found to impact the device performance. Complete inactivation of Escherichia coli W3110（- 8 × 10^3CFU/ml） occurred in 15 sec in the reactor irradiated at 25 mW/cm^2 with an applied voltage of 4 V in a 100 ppm NaCl solution. Real world testing was conducted using source water from Emigration Creek in Salt lake City, Utah. Disinfection of natural creek water proved more challenging, providing complete bacterial inactivation after 25 sec at 6 V. A reduction in bactericidal efficacy was attributed to the presence of inorganic and organic species, as well as the increase in robustness of natural bacteria.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Nanotubes Immobilized Photocatalysis Escherichia coli Inactivation

An open-label multiyear study of sargramostim-treated Parkinson’s disease patients examining drug safety,tolerability,and immune biomarkers from limited case numbers

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 529-545页

作者： Katherine E.Olson Mai M.Abdelmoaty krista l.Namminga Yaman lu Helen Obaro Pamela Santamaria R.lee Mosley Howard E.Gendelman Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience Center for Neurodegenerative DisordersUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198USA Great Plains Center for Clinical and Translational Research Nebraska MedicineOmahaNEUSA Neurology Consultants of Nebraska PC and Nebraska MedicineOmahaNEUSA

Background The clinical utility and safety of sargramostim has previously been reported in cancer,acute radiation syndrome,autoimmune disease,inflammatory conditions,and Alzheimer’s *** safety,tolerability,and mecha-nisms of action in Parkinson’s disease(PD)during extended use has not been *** As a primary goal,safety and tolerability was assessed in five PD patients treated with sargramostim(leukine®,granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)for 33 *** goals included numbers of CD4+T cells and monocytes and motor ***,metabolic,immune,and neurological evaluations were assessed during a 5-day on,2-day off therapeutic regimen given at 3μg/*** 2 years,drug use was discon-tinued for 3 *** was then followed by an additional 6 months of *** Sargramostim-associated adverse events included injection-site reactions,elevated total white cell counts,and bone *** drug,blood analyses and metabolic panels revealed no untoward side effects linked to long-term *** Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale scores remained stable throughout the study while regulatory T cell number and function were *** the initial 6 months of treatment,transcriptomic and proteomic mono-cyte tests demonstrated autophagy and sirtuin *** finding paralleled anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities within both the adaptive and innate immune profile *** Taken together,the data affirmed long-term safety as well as immune and anti-inflammatory responses reflecting clinical stability in PD under the sargramostim *** in larger patient populations is planned in a future phase II evaluation.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Regulatory T cells Neuroprotection Sargramostim therapy

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冀东太古代岩石的Rb-Sr同位素年代

科学通报 1986年第22期31卷 1725-1728页

作者：孙荣圭,Richard lee Armstrong,krista l. scott 北京大学地质学系加拿大不列颠·哥伦比亚大学地质科学系加拿大不列颠·哥伦比亚大学地质科学系

冀东太古代岩石分为下部迁西群(含上川组和三屯营组)和上部八道河群(含王厂组、湾杖子组和三门店组)。上川组以辉石麻粒岩为主;三屯营组为斜长片麻岩,含斜长角闪岩包体;王

关键词：太古代太古宙地质年代 Rb-Sr 等时线年龄片麻岩变质岩麻粒岩相变质相变质事件等时线图全岩角闪岩闪岩区域变质岩辉石麻粒岩上川组三屯营组 Sr 冀东岩石

Influence of deficit irrigation on nutrient indices in wine grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>l.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 268-273页

作者： krista Shellie Brad Brown Parma Research and Extension Center University of Idaho Parma USA U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory Parma USA

Deficit irrigation is widely used in wine grape production (Vitis vinifera l.) to meet wine quality goals yet its influence on tissue nutrient indices has not been well studied. The objective of this research was to determine whether response to water deficit compromised the prescriptive usefulness of tissue nutrient analyses. Tissue macro and micronutrient composition at bloom and veraison were evaluated over multiple seasons in nine wine grape cultivars grown under well-watered or deficit-irrigated conditions. Deficit-irrigated vines sampled at veraison had 2 to 12-fold higher petiole nitrate-nitrogen concentration, 6% lower blade nitrogen concentration and 13% lower blade copper concentration compared to well-watered vines. Water deficit influenced blade potassium concentration at veraison differently according to cultivar and was lower (cv. Malbec, Petite syrah, Viognier, lemberger and Sangiovese), higher (cv. Merlot, Cabernet franc and Cabernet Sauvignon) or similar (cv. Grenache) to well-watered vines. Results from this study indicate that nutrient analysis of petiole or blade tissue sampled at veraison has limited diagnostic and prescriptive usefulness when vines are grown under a water deficit.

关键词： Nitrate Nitrogen Potassium Plant Water Status leaf Water Potential Evapotranspiration

Hepatitis B Virus Screening Patterns amongst Physicians in Hawaii: Changes in a Decade

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第10期5卷 139-145页

作者： Chuong T. Tran krista K. Kiyosaki linda l. Wong California Pacific Medical Center San Francisco CA USA Department of Surgery John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu HI USA University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI USA

Purpose: Hawaii had the highest incidence of liver cancer in the US and had a unique patient population with many immigrants from the Pacific and Asia where Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was endemic. HBV screening in high risk populations was a recommended measure of preventative medicine, thus we sought to examine physician screening patterns for HBV in Hawaii. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed billing claims from 1999 to 2009 from the largest healthcare coverage provider in the state of Hawaii. We identified all patients (>18 years) who underwent HBV screening based on Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) billing codes. We collected data on age, gender and specialty of physicians ordering the screening tests. Analysis was done in 2013 and 2014. Results: Of an estimated 700,000 covered lives, 125,576 patients underwent HBV screening. We stratified the patients into two eras from 1999-2004 (N = 52,245) and 2005-2009 (N = 73,331) to examine temporal trends. In the first era, 30,975 women (59.3%) underwent HBV screening, compared to 49,950 women (69.1%) screened in the 2005-2009 era. There absolute number of tests increased, but the proportion done by primary care MDs decreased from 55.6% to 44.9%. OB/GYN screened 15.6% in the early era and 26.9% in later era. Conclusions: There was an increase in women aged 18 - 40 years screened in the 2005-2009 era compared to 1999-2004, most likely due to OB/GYN physicians’ screening of prenatal women. Physician education on HBV vaccination/treatment or appropriate referral should include OB/GYN as well as primary care physicians.

关键词： CPT Codes Hepatitis B HBV Screening Patterns Hawaii

Resampling Simulator for the Probability of Detecting Invasive Species in large Populations

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2014年第6期7卷 498-505页

作者： David E. legg Jeffrey G. Fidgen krista l. Ryall Department of Ecosystem Science and Management University of Wyoming Laramie USA Great lakes Forestry Centre Sault Ste. Marie Canada

This paper proposes a resampling simulator that will calculate probabilities of detecting invasive species infesting hosts that occur in large numbers. Different methods were examined to determine the bias of observed cumulative distribution functions (c.d.f.s), generated from prototype resampling simulators. One involved seeing if they matched theoretical c.d.f.s, which were generated using formulae for calculating the probability of the union of many events (union formulae), which are known to be correct. Others involved assessing the bias of observed c.d.f.s, generated from using prototype resampling simulators operating on much larger simulated populations, when computation of theoretical c.d.f.s from the union formulae was not practical. Examples are given for using the proposed resampling simulator for detecting an invasive insect pest within the context of an invasive species management system.

关键词： Resampling Simulator Detection of Invasive Species Invasive Species Management System large Populations

Socioeconomic Variables Effecting Female Sexual Function in an Urban, Community Setting

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第4期5卷 195-202页

作者： krista l. Neal Stephanie Teng Mazvita Nyamukapa Victoria Greenberg Alexis Braverman Brett Worly Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Philadelphia USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus USA

Introduction: Female sexual dysfunction is a common problem affecting 12% - 63% of the population, and its relationship with demographic factors, depression, and urinary incontinence needs to be more clearly identified. Aims: To determine demographic and clinical conditions associated with female sexual dysfunction in an urban population of women seeking routine gynecologic care. Methods: A cross-sectional, IRB approved study with a convenience sample was performed of 238 sexually-active, non-pregnant women reporting to two urban gynecology clinics: a private practice (n = 168) and a publicly funded ambulatory clinic (n = 70). Main Outcome Measures: The participants completed informed consent and a demographic questionnaire, plus validated questionnaires that measured sexual function with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), depression with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and urinary incontinence with the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID). Results: The mean FSFI score for those with public insurance and private insurance was 29.5 ± 4.2 and 27.8 ± 5.1 (OR 0.746, p = 0.0005, 95% CI 0.633, 0.881) respectively. In comparing “private” and “public” patient groups, age, weight, race, education, employment, exercise, household income, smoking, alcohol frequency,?and sex frequency were all significantly different (p ltivariate logistic regression analysis?found that female sexual dysfunction correlated with less education (OR 1.379, p = 0.0346, 95% CI 1.024, 1.858), and worsening depression identified by CES-D score (OR 1.088, p lusions: Female sexual dysfunction was associated with decreased household income, urinary incontinence, less education, and depression.

关键词： Sexual Dysfunction Socioeconomic Factors Depression Education Urinary Incontinence

State level correlations between high heart attack and stroke symptomology knowledge scores and CVD risk factors and mortality rates

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Health 2013年第10期5卷 1634-1640页

作者： Mary Nawal lutfiyya krista l. Huot Maria l. Amaro Michael F. Akers Michael Swanoski College of Pharmacy Ambulatory Care Residency Program University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA Essentia Health System Ambulatory Care Pharmacy Services Duluth USA Essential Institute of Rural Health Duluth USA

Introduction: In 2008, cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounted for one in three deaths in the United States. Epidemiological analyses suggest that two or more risk factors are the indicator of high risk and/or poor CVD outcomes. Knowledge of heart attack and stroke symptomology has been the focus of much research based on the assumption that accurate identification of an event is critical to reducing time to treatment. There is a paucity of research showing a clear association between knowledge of heart attack and stroke symptomology, risk factors, and mortality rates. In this study, we hypothesized that high stroke and heart attack symptomology knowledge scores would correspond to lower stroke or CVD mortality rankings as well as to a lower prevalence of two or more CVD risk factors. Methods: State was the unit of analysis used to examine data from two different sources and combined into a customized database. The first source was a multiyear Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) heart attack and stroke symptom knowledge module database. CVD and stroke mortality data used came from the American Heart Association’s (AHA) 2012 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics Update. Spearman’s Rho was the test statistic. Results: A moderate negative correlation was found between high heart attack and stroke symptom knowledge scores and the percentage of adults with two or more CVD or stroke risk factors. likewise, a similar correlation resulted from the two variables, high heart attack and stroke symptoms knowledge score and CVD mortality rank. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a significant relationship between high heart attack and stroke symptom knowledge and lower CVD mortality rates and lower prevalence of two or more CVD risk factors at the state level. Our findings suggest that it is important to continue education efforts regarding heart attack and stroke symptom knowledge. Pharmacists are one group of health care providers who could enhance the needed publ

关键词： Knowledge of Heart Attack and Stroke Symptomology CVD Risk Factors Stroke Mortality CVD Mortality

The Effect of Adrenal Replacement Therapy on Rates of Fungal Colonization and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Awaiting liver Transplantation

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2013年第1期1卷 2-8页

作者： Stephanie G. Yi Archana R. Sadhu Stephen l. Jones krista Turner Howard Monsour Kevin Donahue Xuefeng Xia A. Osama Gaber R. Mark Ghobrial Sherilyn Gordon Burroughs Department of Surgery The Methodist Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College Houston TX Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine The Methodist Hospital Houston TX Department of Surgery University of New Mexico at Albuquerque Albuquerque NM Hepatology and Transplant Medicine Department of Medicine The Methodist Hospital Houston TX Department of Pharmacy The Methodist Hospital Houston TX The Methodist Hospital Research Institute The Methodist Hospital Houston TX liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of Surgery The Methodist Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College Houston TX

Background: The effect of adrenal replacement therapy (ART) with hydrocortisone on critical endpoints such as infection and mortality in critically ill patients with cirrhosis remains unclear. We evaluated our indications for ART in patients with cirrhosis with clinical symptoms of adrenal insufficiency (AI), and examined the rate of peri-transplant fungal colonization and mortality associated with ART. Methods: Seventy-eight patients with cirrhosis admitted to our institution's surgical intensive care unit (ICU) over a 4-year period met criteria for AI by vasopressor requirement and baseline cortisol levels. Outcomes included disposition at 90-days, fungal colonization, and fungal infection in the presence or absence of ART. Results: In total, 56 patients received hydrocortisone (HC+) while 22 did not (HC-). The HC+ and HC- groups had comparable median Model for End-stage liver Disease (MElD) scores (26.5 vs. 25, respectively;p=0.93), median ICU lengths of stay (23 vs. 20 days, respectively;p=0.54) and median cortisol levels (18μg/dl for both, p=0.87). Fungal cultures (FC) from blood, urine or bronchoalveolar lavage/sputum were positive for 44% of HC+, and 40.9%of HC-(p=0.77) had mortality rates between HC+and HC-groups that were not significantly different (60.7%vs. 50%, respectively;p=0.39;α=0.05). The 90-day outcomes for HC+ vs. HC- (39.3% vs. 50% discharged, respectively;p=0.39;α=0.05) and those surviving to transplant (17.9%vs. 36.4%, respectively;p=0.08;α=0.05) were not signifi-cantly different between the two ***:In this small single-center series, we found that steroid administration for AI does not affect the rate of fungal colonization/infection or mortality. Further prospective stu-dies are required to determine the utility of ART and factors affecting the rate of FC and mortality in these patients.

关键词： Sepsis Hydrocortisone Antifungal Transplant