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Modulatory Effect of Distillate of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract (Tulsi) on Human Lymphocytes Against Genotoxicants

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第3期20卷 226-234页

作者： DIPANWITA DUTTA S.SARAVANA DEVI K.KRISHNAMURTHI koel kumar PRIYANKA VYAS P.L.MUTHAL P.NAOGHARE T.CHAKRABARTI Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)Nehru MargNagpur–440020India

Objective To study the modulatory effect of distillate of Ocimum sanctum （traditionally known as Tulsi） leaf extract （DTLE） on genotoxicants. Methods In the present investigation, we studied the antigenotoxic and anticlastogenic effect of distillate of Tulsi leaf extract on （i） human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by evaluating the DNA strand break without metabolic activation against mitomycin C （MMC） and hexavalent chromium （Cr^＋6） and （ii） human peripheral lymphocytes （in vitro） with or without metabolic activation against mitomycin C （MMC）, hexavalent chromium （Cr^＋6） and B[a]P by evaluating chromosomal aberration （CA） and micronucleus assay （MN）. Three different doses of DTLE, 50 μL/mL, 100 μL/mL, and 200 μL/mL were selected on the basis of cytotoxicity assay and used for studying DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus emergence. The following positive controls were used for inducing genotoxicity and clastogenicity MMC （0.29 μmol/L） for DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and 0.51 μmol/L for micronucleus assay; Potassium dichromate （Cr^＋6） 600 μmol/L for DNA strand break and 5 μmol/L for chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay; Benzo[a]pyrene （30 μmol/L） for chromosomal aberration and 40 μmol/L for micronucleus assay. The active ingredients present in the distillate of Tulsi leaf extract were identified by HPLC and LC-MS. Results Mitomycin C （MMC） and hexavalent chromium （Cr^＋6） induced statistically significant DNA strand break of respectively 69% and 71% （P〈0.001） as revealed by fluorometric analysis of DNA unwinding. Furthermore, the damage could be protected with DTLE （50 μL/mL, 100 μL/mL, and 200 μL/mL） on simultaneous treatment. Chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation induced by MMC, Cr^＋6 and B[a]P were significantly protected （P〈0.001） by DTLE with and without metabolic activation. Conclusion Distillate of Tulsi leaf extract possesses antioxidants contributed mainly by eugenol, luteolin and apigenin as identified by

关键词： Distillate of Tulsi leaf extract(DTLE) Cytotoxicity DNA strand break Chromosomal aberration(CA) Micronucleus(MN) Hexavalent chromium(Cr^+6) Mitomycin C(MMC) Benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P)

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Geomorphometric Characterization of Upper South koel Basin, Jharkhand: A Remote Sensing &GIS Approach

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第12期4卷 1042-1050页

作者： Reshma Parveen Uday kumar Vivek kumar Singh Department of Geology & Mining CIAL Abhijeet Group Nagpur India Department of Geology Ranchi University Ranchi India

The quantitative analysis of drainage system is an important aspect of characterization of watersheds. Morphometry is measurement and mathematical analysis of landforms. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the drainage morphometrics of Upper South koel Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS approach. A morphometric analysis was carried out to describe the topography and drainage characteristics of Upper South koel watershed. The stream numbers, orders, lengths and other morphometric parameters like bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, shape parameters etc. were measured. The drainage area of Upper South koel watershed is 942.4 sq km and the drainage pattern is dentritic. The watershed was classified as 6th order drainage basin. The low values of bifurcation ratio and drainage density suggest that the area has not been much affected by structural disturbances. The study reveals that the different geomorphic units in the study area i.e. Structural hills, Pediments, Valley fills, Pediplains formed under the influence of permeable geology, are moderate to nearly level plains, with medium to low drainage density (<2.0) & low cumulative length of higher order streams . Such studies can be of immense help in planning and management of river basins.

关键词： Morphometry Watershed Remote Sensing GIS

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Integrated Approach of Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Soil Loss Risk Assessment in Upper South koel Basin, Jharkhand

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2012年第6期4卷 588-596页

作者： Reshma Parveen Uday kumar University Department of Geology Ranchi University Ranchi India

Soil erosion is a growing problem especially in areas of agricultural activity where soil erosion not only leads to decreased agricultural productivity but also reduces water availability. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is the most popular empirically based model used globally for erosion prediction and control. Remote sensing and GIS techniques have become valuable tools specially when assessing erosion at larger scales due to the amount of data needed and the greater area coverage. The present study area is a part of Chotanagpur plateau with undulating topography, with a very high risk of soil erosion. In the present study an attempt has been made to assess the annual soil loss in Upper South koel basin using Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) in GIS framework. Such information can be of immense help in identifying priority areas for implementation of erosion control measures. The soil erosion rate was determined as a function of land topography, soil texture, land use/land cover, rainfall erosivity, and crop management and practice in the watershed using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (for Indian conditions), remote sensing imagery, and GIS techniques. The rainfall erosivity R-factor of USLE was found as 546 MJ mm/ha/hr/yr and the soil erodibility K-factor varied from 0.23 - 0.37. Slopes in the catchment varied between 0% and 42% having LS factor values ranging from 0 - 21. The C factor was computed from NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetative Index) values derived from Landsat-TM data. The P value was computed from existing cropping patterns in the catchment. The annual soil loss estimated in the watershed using USLE is 12.2 ton/ha/yr.

关键词： Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) Remote Sensing & GIS Soil Loss

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