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Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for acute esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with band ligation: A large observational study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 238-251页

作者： Chikamasa Ichita sayuri Shimizu Tadahiro Goto Uojima Haruki Naoya Itoh Masao Iwagami Akiko Sasaki Gastroenterology Medicine Center Shonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakura 247-8533KanagawaJapan Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027KanagawaJapan TXP Research TXP Medical Co.Ltd.Chiyoda-ku 101-0042TokyoJapan Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics School of Public HealthThe University of TokyoBunkyo-ku 113-0033TokyoJapan Department of Genome Medical Sciences Project Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineIchikawa 272-8516ChibaJapan Division of Infectious Diseases Aichi Cancer CenterNagoya 464-8681AichiJapan Department of Health Services Research Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8575IbarakiJapan

BACKGROUND Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication associated with liver cirrhosis and typically necessitates endoscopic *** current standard treatment is endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL),and Western guidelines recom-mend antibiotic prophylaxis following ***,given the impro-vements in prognosis for variceal bleeding due to advancements in the management of bleeding and treatments of liver cirrhosis and the global concerns regarding the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria,there is a need to reassess the use of routine antibiotic prophylaxis after *** To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients treated for *** We conducted a 13-year observational study using the Tokushukai medical database across 46 *** were divided into the prophylaxis group(received antibiotics on admission or the next day)and the non-prophylaxis group(did not receive antibiotics within one day of admission).The primary outcome was composed of 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,and 4-wk spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP).The secondary outcomes were each individual result and in-hospital mortality.A logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used.A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the Child-Pugh classification to determine its influence on the primary outcome measures,while sensitivity analyses for antibiotic type and duration were also *** Among 980 patients,790 were included(prophylaxis:232,non-prophylaxis:558).Most patients were males under the age of 65 years with a median Child-Pugh score of *** composite primary outcomes occurred in 11.2%of patients in the prophylaxis group and 9.5%in the non-prophylaxis *** significant differences in outcomes were observed between the groups(adjusted odds ratio,1.11;95%confidence interval,0.61-1.99;P=0.74).Individual outcomes such as 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,4-wk onset of SBP,and in-hospital mo

关键词： Esophageal varices Endoscopic hemostasis Antibiotic prophylaxis Liver cirrhosis Inverse probability of treatment weighting

Starch Orodispersible Film Loaded with Melatonin for Human Supplementation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1343-1354页

作者： Fabio Tamanini Tatiane Zucchini de Souza Creusa sayuri Tahara Amaral Antônio JoséFelix Carvalho Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological Sciences University of Araraquara(UNIARA)São Paulo14801-340Brazil Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo13563-120Brazil

An innovative pharmaceutical form for administering melatonin,based on starch orodispersibleﬁlm(ODF),was designed and *** composition of the ODF included starch as the polymer matrix,the active drug melatonin,and a ***,a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain,can be absorbed by passive diffusion across the mucous membrane,resulting in improved bioavailability when compared to conventional oral *** study shows a simple and efﬁcient method for preparing melatonin-loaded orodispersibleﬁlms with a physically stable and commercially viable matrix,suitable for use in the pharmaceutical ***ﬁlms were prepared by treating the starch with microwave irradiation,followed by plasticization with glycerol,melatonin loading and drying by solvent *** tests showed theﬁlms’robustness,with a modulus of approximately 97 MPa,indicating good handling *** uptake analysis showed fast water absorption,reaching about 150%within 2 min,indicating its fast oral disintegration *** tests in artiﬁcial saliva and dissolution studies indicated the release of the drug in min-utes,indicating the potential properties of theﬁlm for oral drug *** the best of our knowledge,there is no melatonin ODF based on starch described in the literature.

关键词： Starch orodispersibleﬁlm melatonin drug delivery

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安第斯山热带竹类的防冰冻措施

世界竹藤通讯 2012年第4期10卷 46-46页

作者： Francisca Ely sayuri kiyota Fermin Rada 洛斯安第斯大学理学院梅里达植物园研究所洛斯安第斯大学理学院环境科学与生态研究所

本文比较了不同生活型的新热带丘斯夸竹属（Chusquea）的5种竹类的抗冻性。这5类竹子生长在委内瑞拉安第斯山脉间海拔梯度2250～4010m之间的云雾高山稀疏林地（cloudforest—paramo）。***和***是这片山区上云雾林线群落交错林带的似藤... 详细信息

本文比较了不同生活型的新热带丘斯夸竹属（Chusquea）的5种竹类的抗冻性。这5类竹子生长在委内瑞拉安第斯山脉间海拔梯度2250～4010m之间的云雾高山稀疏林地（cloudforest—paramo）。***和***是这片山区上云雾林线群落交错林带的似藤生竹种（vinybamboos），海拔分别为（2200-2700m，2450-2900m）。而***，***和***3种竹子属于灌木竹类，集中分布在高寒带的低海拔沼泽区（2525m），这属于第1种情况。第2种情况是范围广阔的高山稀疏草地生态系统（2670～3600m），第3种情况是干燥的高海拔的高寒带（3800～4010m）。在实验室条件下估计这5个竹种的细胞间冰核化和50％的组织损伤温度以确定其抗冻机制。观察显示，这5个竹种的冰核化和组织损伤温度之间没有显著的差异，这种现象表明这5个竹种通过过冷能力（-12．3到-10．1℃）避免了细胞间的冰核化。我们可以得出以下结论，过冷能力的变化和冻害与生活型、栖息地和海拔没有关联，冰冻温度不是安第斯热带竹子的垂直分布的决定因素。

关键词：过冷能力安第斯山热带 Chusquea 竹亚科海拔梯度

Recent advances in prostate cancer: WNT signaling, chromatin regulation, and transcriptional coregulators

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第2期25卷 158-165页

作者： sayuri Takahashi Ichiro Takada Department of Urology The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoShirokanedaiMinato-kuTokyo 108-8639Japan Department of Urology The Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8655Japan

Prostate cancer is one of the most common diseases in men ***,radiation therapy,and hormonal therapy are effective treatments for early-stage prostate ***,the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer has increased the mortality rate of prostate *** develop novel drugs for castration-resistant prostate cancer,the molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer progression must be *** the signaling pathways regulating prostate cancer development,recent studies have revealed the importance of noncanonical wingless-type MMTV integration site family(WNT)signaling pathways,mainly that involving WNT5A,in prostate cancer progression and metastasis;however,its role remains ***,chromatin remodelers such as the switch/sucrose nonfermentable(SWI/SNF)complex and chromodomain helicase DNA-binding proteins 1 also play important roles in prostate cancer progression through genome-wide gene expression ***,we review the roles of noncanonical WNT signaling pathways,chromatin remodelers,and epigenetic enzymes in the development and progression of prostate cancer.

关键词： chromatin remodeling histone-modifying enzymes prostate cancer WNT5A

Deformation and localisation behaviours of reinforced gravelly backfill using shaking table tests

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第1期12卷 102-111页

作者： H.Munoz T.kiyota Institute of Industnial Science The University of TokyoTokyoJapan

To understand the deformational behaviours of geosynthetics-reinforced soil retaining walls(GRS RWs),a series of plane-strain shaking table tests was conducted on retaining wall *** backfill of the models was made of poorly graded *** and strains in the gravelly backfill induced by seismic loading are recorded in real time,which are of importance to understand the seismic strength and stability of the GRS RW systems,as strain localisation development in the backfill and foundation is related to the degree of strength degradation of the *** the present study,we aimed at quantifying the induced deformations of the GRS RW models due to *** image correlation(DIC)technique was then employed to analyse and provide full-field deformation and motion images with the *** is demonstrated that,unlike conventional contact devices that are yet limited to provide quantities of a singular and fixed location,DIC provides deformation and motion of the area of interests to reveal the evolution of localisation.

关键词： Geosynthetic-reinforced soil(GRS) Retaining wall(RW)model Shaking table test Digital image correlation(DIC) Localisation

Clinical features of acute esophageal mucosal lesions and reflux esophagitis Los Angeles classification grade D: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第3期15卷 408-419页

作者： Chikamasa Ichita Akiko Sasaki sayuri Shimizu Department of Gastroenterology Medicine Center Shonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakura 247-8533KanagawaJapan Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236–0027KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND Acute esophageal mucosal lesions(AEMLs)are an underrecognized and largely unexplored *** findings are similar,and a higher percentage of AEML could be misdiagnosed as reflux esophagitis Los Angeles classification grade D(RE-D).These diseases could have different pathologies and require different *** To compare AEML and RE-D to confirm that the two diseases are different from each other and to clarify the clinical features of *** We selected emergency endoscopic cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with circumferential esophageal mucosal injury and classified them into AEML and RE-D groups according to the mucosal injury’s shape on the oral *** examined patient background,blood sampling data,comorbidities at onset,endoscopic characteristics,and outcomes in each *** Among the emergency cases,the AEML and RE-D groups had 105(3.1%)and 48(1.4%)cases,*** variables exhibited significantly different results,indicating that these two diseases are *** clinical features of AEML consisted of more comorbidities[risk ratio(RR):3.10;95%confidence interval(CI):1.68–5.71;P<0.001]and less endoscopic hemostasis compared with RE-D(RR:0.25;95%CI:0.10–0.63;P<0.001).Mortality during hospitalization was higher in the AEML group(RR:3.43;95%CI:0.82–14.40;P=0.094),and stenosis developed only in the AEML *** AEML and RE-D were clearly distinct diseases with different clinical *** may be more common than assumed,and the potential for its presence should be taken into account in cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with comorbidities.

关键词： Acute esophageal mucosal lesion Comorbidities Esophageal reflux Black esophagus Acute necrotizing esophagitis

Evaluation of Care Quality Related to Dietary Intake and Swallowing Functions of Residents at Long-Term Facilities in Japan

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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第7期11卷 610-619页

作者： sayuri Kaneko Department of Nursing Administration Miyagi University Miyagi Japan

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of healthcare services pertaining to the dietary intake and swallowing functions of residents, nutrition management practices, and performance of residents at long-term care facilities. We investigated outcome indicators, such as changes in dietary intake and swallowing function levels of residents, and clarified which structural and process indicators were associated with the outcome indicators. This was a retrospective study, analyzing information on healthcare services from 1067 long-term care facilities during the fiscal year 2012, sampled from among those registered with the Welfare, Health and Medical Care Information Network of the Welfare and Medical Service Agency in Japan. Five outcome indicators were identified. Next, we examined the relationships between the outcome indicators and structural or process indicators using a multivariate linear regression model, adjusting for facility type. The findings showed how the five outcome indicators were used in long-term care facilities over a period of one year and determined the independent predictors of these outcome indicators. The amplification of dietary function 1 was associated with “assessment of oral functions using a feeding and swallowing assessment checklist every three months”, “holding care conferences related to ingestion and swallowing every three months”, and “maintaining a 1:2 ratio for meal-time assistants to residents”. To improve the quality of care, it is necessary to increase the number of staff (e.g., to provide meal assistance to residents) and to understand changes in the residents’ status through accurate assessment and monitoring.

关键词： Dietary Intake Long-Term Care Facility Nutrient Intake Quality Indicators Swallowing Functions

Safety and Quality of Care Evaluation in Japanese Long-Term Facilities Focused on the Activity Condition and Cognitive Function of Residents

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Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第2期10卷 131-142页

作者： sayuri Kaneko Department of Nursing Administration and Nursing Education Nagano College of Nursing Nagano Japan

Objective: Currently, standards for evaluating long-term care facilities do not exist in Japan. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of healthcare services in Japan’s long-term care facilities and identify the structural and process indicators associated with the facilities’ outcome indicators. Methods: This retrospective study assessed changes in residents’ abilities to participate in physical activities, their cognitive function, and their vulnerability to injuries. From 2012 to 2013, we collected information on the healthcare services at 1067 long-term care facilities registered with Japan’s Welfare, Health and Medical Care Information Network in the Welfare and Medical Service Agency. We examined 12 structural indicators, 26 process indicators, and 7 outcome indicators. We used multivariate linear regression models adjusted to analyze relationships between outcome indicators and structural or process indicators. Results: Residents’ activity and cognitive function indicators either improved by 80% - 90% or were maintained for one year. The Geriatric Functional Independence Measures, the Barthel Index, and holding conferences related to care were all considered activities of daily living. Three adverse events—tumbles and falls, behavioral problems, and aimless wandering or leaving the facility without permission—were factors that restricted residents’ behavior and number of residents per care staff member. Conclusions: Maintaining or improving levels of independence and cognition in daily living requires a care process system that enables ongoing monitoring of residents’ activities of daily living and cognitive functioning. Ensuring the safety of residents and improving the quality of care in long-term care facilities without securing adequate care staff are not possible.

关键词： Activity Condition Cognitive Function Long-Term Care Facility Safety Quality of Care

Hydrogen gas and preservation of intestinal stem cells in mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第12期14卷 1329-1339页

作者： Ryo Yamamoto sayuri Suzuki Koichiro Homma Shintaro Yamaguchi Tomohisa Sujino Junichi Sasaki Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Keio University School of MedicineTokyo 1608582Japan Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyo 1608582Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyo 1608582Japan

BACKGROUND Patients with mesenteric ischemia frequently suffer from bowel necrosis even after *** gas has showed promising effects for ischemiareperfusion injury by reducing reactive oxygen species in various animal and clinical *** examined intestinal tissue injury by ischemia and reperfusion under continuous initiation of 3%hydrogen *** To clarify the treatment effects and target cells of hydrogen gas for mesenteric *** Three rat groups underwent 60-min mesenteric artery occlusion(ischemia),60-min reperfusion following 60-min occlusion(reperfusion),or ischemiareperfusion with the same duration under continuous 3%hydrogen gas inhalation(hydrogen).The distal ileum was *** staining with caspase-3 and leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled 5(LGR5),a specific marker of intestinal stem cell,was conducted to evaluate the injury location and cell types protected by *** expressions of LGR5,olfactomedin 4(OLFM4),hairy and enhancer of split 1,Jagged 2,and Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 were measured by quantitative polymerase chain *** oxidative stress was analyzed with immunostaining for 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG).Systemic oxidative stress was evaluated by plasma *** Ischemia damaged the epithelial layer at the tip of the villi,whereas reperfusion induced extensive apoptosis of the cells at the crypt base,which were identified as intestinal stem cells with double immunofluorescence *** mitigated such apoptosis at the crypt base,and the LGR5 expression of the tissues was higher in the hydrogen group than in the reperfusion ***4 was also relatively higher in the hydrogen group,whereas other measured RNAs were comparable between the groups.8-OHdG concentration was high in the reperfusion group,which was reduced by hydrogen,particularly at the crypt *** 8-OHdG concentrations were relatively higher in both reperfusion and

关键词： Hydrogen molecule Intestinal ischemia Ischemia-reperfusion injury Tissue protection Nonoperative management Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled 5