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Novel Elastomeric Fabrics for the Treatment of Hypertrophic Burn Scars Using Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Antimicrobial Agents

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第5期30卷 410-415页

作者： VARAN Nilufer Y king W martin Department of Textile Engineering Istanbul Technical University Textile Engineering Chemistry and Science North Carolina State University

In burn treatments,microorganisms on pressure garments during pressure therapy can prevent rehabilitation by causing functional,hygienic,and aesthetic difficulties. As bacterium is one of the most trouble-causing organisms,they can threaten patients causing infection during the long period of use of these *** burn pressure garments having durable antimicrobial property were developed using polyhexamethylene biguanide( PHMB)antimicrobial agent procedure on highly elastic nylon 66 /spandex fabrics in powernet,flat warp and weft knitted structures using paddry-cure method. Commercial wireless pressure sensors were used to control pressures at an acceptable medical range. Antimicrobial activity,wash durability,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analyses were conducted for the treated samples. Antimicrobial test results following AATCC 100 Test Method showed 99% reduction of bacteria for the fabric samples treated with PHMB. A small but significant decrease in antimicrobial activity was observed even after50 launderings. These treatments also yield good results to prevent odor,decrease infection by preventing and /or blocking microbial growth according to the antimicrobial mechanism and support reducing of scarring by providing a hygienic environment around the scar.

关键词： pressure garments burn hypertrophic scars antimicrobial polyhexamethylene biguanide(PHMB) wireless pressure sensors

Preparation and Mechanical Performance of Blended Polyester/Silk Small Diameter Arterial Prostheses

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第5期30卷 356-358页

作者：杨小元王璐关国平关颖 king W martin Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology Ministry of EducationDonghua University College of Textiles Donghua University College of Textiles North Carolina State University

Small diameter arterial prostheses were required to treat coronary and cerebrovascular arterial diseases. The diameters of the artificial blood vessels should match the diameters of the host arteries. Besides,the mechanical properties of the arterial prostheses should be strong enough to endure the forces in the body after implantation. In this study,silk and polyester were woven into small diameter arterial prostheses and the dimensional and mechanical properties,as well as the water permeability,were investigated. The woven samples had an inner diameter ranging from 3. 65 to 3. 94mm. The wall thickness of the samples ranged from 0. 26 to 0. 28mm. Compared with polytetrafiuoroethylene( ePTFE) commercial devices,whose probe bursting strength was measured to be 15. 64 N /mm2,the woven samples had superior strength values ranging from20. 53 to 28. 97 N /mm2. In addition,the radial compliance of the woven samples was found to lie between the ePTFE sample and the pig's carotid artery,and the water permeability of all the woven samples was less than 300 mL /( cm2·min) which indicated that these woven samples could be implanted without preclotting.

关键词： silk polyester woven arterial prostheses mechanical properties

β-Chitin/Chitosan Obtained from Loligo and Humboldt Squids Effectiveness as Wound Dressing Material

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第5期30卷 406-409页

作者： JINDAN Rahim ZALAL Rahim HUDSON Samuel king W martin College of Textiles North Carolina State University College of Textiles Donghua University

A number of materials are utilized to develop wound care dressing materials with metallic treatments such as ionic silver and zinc. Metallic ions if used for a prolonged time may lead to toxicity. Alternatively chitin,a natural polysaccharide found in nature, is utilized. It is found in fungi, crabs, mushrooms,squids, octopus, and many other living organisms. Chitin has similar structure to cellulose but its deacetylated derivate chitosan has amine groups that provide potential antibacterial properties along with a number of other advantages. Chitin in its natural form is found in three different structural forms,namely α,β,and γ.The β-chitin and chitosan are mostly found in the exoskeleton of squids. Loligo and Humboldt squids were studied. It is anticipated that Humboldt chitin is more effective in serving as antibacterial material and can be utilized for wound care. Differences in steriochemical structure were observed among β-chitin structures obtained and amine group's presences were found along with ability of materials to swell.

关键词： β-chitin chitosan wound dressing material

Fabrication and Tissue Anchoring Performance of Nylon and Polypropylene Barbed Surgical Sutures

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第5期30卷 391-393页

作者：丛慧 ROE Simon MENTE Peter RUFF Gregory king W martin College of Textiles North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University Vilcom Circle Chapel Hill College of Textiles Donghua University

Barbed surgical sutures have attracted worldwide attention in recent years. The plurality of barbs projecting out and penetrating into surrounding tissue eliminates the need for tying a knot. In the current study,nylon and polypropylene( PP) barbed sutures with two different barb geometries designed to anchor in porcine skin and tendon tissues were fabricated by a specially designed mechanical cutting machine. The tensile properties were compared between the barbed and unbarbed control sutures. The in vitro tissue anchoring ability was measured by two tissue /suture pullout tests,one for skin and the other for tendon tissue. Regardless of the type of tissue,the PP barbed suture with its higher modulus had a superior anchoring ability. Given the same suture material,improved anchoring performance was shown in tendon tissue.

关键词： barbed surgical sutures nylon polypropylene(PP) barb configuration skin and tendon

It Was 50 Years Ago Today： Reading the Beatles as a Challenge to Discourses of Hegemonic Masculinity

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Sociology Study 2014年第1期4卷 44-51页

作者： martin king Manchester Metropolitan University UK

This paper explores the notion of the Beatles as a text through which to explore representations of hegemonic masculinity in ＂the sixties＂. It will argue that the Beatles produced an anti-hegemonic masculine discourse through a number of aspects of their work, challenging ideas about men and masculinities prevalent at the time of their existence as a working group and beyond. Rooted in the literature on men and masculinities the paper draws together a number of authors＇ work and presents ideas from the author＇s own work, using discourse analysis of the Beatles＇ live action films, based on a framework suggested by Foucault, Van Dijk, Hall, and McKee. An exploration of the ways in which the Beatles challenged and subverted traditional ideas about masculinity and the way in which their global fame provided a vehicle for representations of alternative versions of masculinity is the basis of the resultant discussion.

关键词： The Beatles masculinities subversive feminized global

Physical Characteristics of Knitted Polyester Vascular Prostheses:Can the Wall Be Considered as a Scaffold for Tissue Regeneration?

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2010年第1期27卷 6-13页

作者：籍晓萍王璐赵荟菁姜华许琭 king martin W GUIDOIN Robert Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology Ministry of EducationDonghua University College of Textiles North Carolina State University Department of Surgery Laval Universityand Quebec Biomaterials InstituteCHUQ

Recent developments in endovascular surgery （EVAR） have opened new avenues to successfully treat aneurysms with percutaneous deployment of stent-grafts. Manufacturers have preferred to use woven fabrics or microporous tubes which are supported by metallic frames or stents. Woven fabrics are much thinner than knits and this permits the use of a smaller delivery catheter. However, since woven constructions are stiffer and have little porosity, the tissue ingrowth is poor or absent. On the other hand, knitted constructions can be considered as a scaffold for tissue ingrowth, and hence they represent an attractive alternative because of their open structure and better conformability in the case of balloon deployment. The present study was undertaken to analyze the properties of two knitted and crimped polyester arterial prototype prostheses, one with and the other without a gelatin coating as sealant. Two commercial controls were also included in the study, namely the uncoated knitted polyester vascular prosthesis VP1200K, and its sealed version, the gelatin coated polyester knitted Gelsoft device, manufactured by Vascutek Ltd., Scotland, UK. In vitro testing consisted of analyzing the and marphology of the yam and fabric structures, and measuring the physical and mechanical properties of the grafts, including the water ***, the longitudinal and radial campliance, and the suture retention strength. In order to the different properties of the four samples, tests were performed on the gelatin coated of sealed devices before and after gelatin removal. The results provided a useful comparison between the prototypes and the commercial contorl devices. The latter used ten times the amount of gelatin which had been applied as a coating in order to achieve the same low level of impemeability to water. The different amounts of gelatin also explained the different mechanical performance, such as compliance, for these prototype and control prostheses

关键词： arterial prosthesis polyester knitted gelatin in vitro mechanical properties compliance

腔内隔绝术用人造血管移植物(SG)织物覆膜的疲劳性能研究

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中国生物医学工程学报 2009年第4期28卷 637-640,F0004页

作者：赵荟菁王璐李毓陵刘肖燕 king martin W 东华大学纺织学院纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室上海201620 北卡罗来纳州立大学纺织学院美国罗利27695

对腔内隔绝术用人造血管移植物(stent-graft(SG))的织物覆膜进行动态疲劳性能研究,分析影响其疲劳性能的因素。利用加速疲劳测试仪,对4种覆膜样品进行疲劳性能的测试。实验以覆膜承受的脉动次数为时间点,分别是0次、2.6×107次以及1×10... 详细信息

对腔内隔绝术用人造血管移植物(stent-graft(SG))的织物覆膜进行动态疲劳性能研究,分析影响其疲劳性能的因素。利用加速疲劳测试仪,对4种覆膜样品进行疲劳性能的测试。实验以覆膜承受的脉动次数为时间点,分别是0次、2.6×107次以及1×108次(即相当于植入体内0、10个月以及38.5个月)。选择覆膜试样的管径,织物周向和轴向密度以及水渗透性在疲劳试验前后的变化作为疲劳性能的特征指标,这些指标在疲劳试验前后都有不同程度的变化。脉动压力在织物覆膜周向的作用比在轴向的作用要大;织物覆膜在最初阶段疲劳表现明显,而后趋于稳定;组成织物覆膜的纱线越粗,其疲劳表现越明显;复丝织物的疲劳表现比单丝织物更明显。

关键词： SG织物覆膜疲劳性能纺织结构参数加速测试脉动

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中国民众如何看待当前的社会不平等

社会学研究 2009年第1期24卷 96-120页

作者：怀默霆哈佛大学社会学系

社会大众对于当前中国不平等的状况和趋势的不满程度如何?近年来,许多研究者和一些中国政府官员都提出,中国自1978年以来的市场改革造成的不平等状况不断加剧,普通民众对资源分配的不公非常不满、甚至愤懑。通常认为,那些从改革中获益... 详细信息

社会大众对于当前中国不平等的状况和趋势的不满程度如何?近年来,许多研究者和一些中国政府官员都提出,中国自1978年以来的市场改革造成的不平等状况不断加剧,普通民众对资源分配的不公非常不满、甚至愤懑。通常认为,那些从改革中获益甚微的弱势群体,特别是农民,应该对当前的不平等心存怨怒。为了考察这些看法是否属实,我们对一项于2004年在全国范围内收集的调查数据进行了分析,结果发现:首先,尽管中国受访者对当前不平等的一些方面确有微词,但是他们总体上仍倾向于认为,目前产生各种社会不平等的资源分配模式是比较公平的,尤其是在社区内部。其次,与其他一些国家的类似调查结果的比较发现,中国受访者相对而言对社会不平等批评较少,同时更容易对个人通过教育、天分和勤奋努力来实现向上流动的机会持乐观态度。再次,总体而言,农村居民受访者,尤其是从事农业的农民,相对于城市居民和职业地位较高的受访群体,反而对社会不平等状况的反应要来得和缓,他们不太认为当前的情况是过分和不公平的。由此可见,民众的客观社会经济地位并不一定能代表他们对社会不平等的主观态度,而仅仅知道基尼系数或其他一些衡量收入分配的指标,也未必就能预测社会大众对这些问题的看法。基于这些发现,本文在结论部分讨论了中国今后在社会稳定方面可能出现的问题。

关键词：社会不平等分配不公市场改革

ePTFE人工血管管壁结构及其体外性能的试验研究

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东华大学学报（自然科学版） 2014年第4期40卷 424-429页

作者：陈晓洁籍晓萍王璐王富军关国平 king martin 东华大学纺织学院上海201620 东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室上海201620 北卡罗来纳州立大学纺织学院罗利市27695

对国内外两组膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)人工血管从管壁结构、理化性能和生物力学性能进行对比研究.通过试验研究两组人造血管管壁的宏观及微观结构、表面润湿性、结晶度和融熔温度、周/轴向拉伸、顶破拉伸以及手术线固位强力,对比两组样品... 详细信息

对国内外两组膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)人工血管从管壁结构、理化性能和生物力学性能进行对比研究.通过试验研究两组人造血管管壁的宏观及微观结构、表面润湿性、结晶度和融熔温度、周/轴向拉伸、顶破拉伸以及手术线固位强力,对比两组样品的性能差异,并分析了导致差异的可能原因,讨论了管壁结构、理化性能与力学特性之间的关系.研究结果表明,国产和进口ePTFE人工血管试样均为双层结构,两者都有良好的疏水性表面和抗水渗透性.但进口试样具有更加规整均匀的节点和纤维形态结构,有利于人工血管的生物耐久性.

关键词：膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE) 人工血管微观结构理化性能生物力学性能