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Characterization of lattice parameters gradient of Cu(In1-xGax)Se2 absorbing layer in thin-film solar cell by glancing incidence X-ray diffraction technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第16期47卷 193-201页

作者： Yong-Il kim Ki-Bok kim Miso kim Department of Nano Science University of Science and Technology217GajeongYuseongDaejeon34113Republic of Korea Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science 267GajeongYuseongDaejseon34113Republic of Korea

In or Ga gradients in the Cu(In1-xGax)Se2(CIGS)absorbing layer lead to change the lattice parameters of the absorbing layer,giving rise to the bandgap grading in the absorbing layer which is directly associated with the degree of absorbing ability of the CIGS solar *** tried to characterize the depth profile of the lattice parameters of the CIGS absorbing layer using a glancing incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXRD)technique,and then investigate the bandgap grading of the CIGS absorbing *** the glancing incident angle increased from 0.50 to 5.00°,the a and c lattice parameters of the CIGS absorbing layer gradually decreased from 5.7776(3)to 5.6905(2)?,and 11.3917(3)to 11.2114(2)?,*** depth profile of the lattice parameters as a function of the incident angle was consistent with vertical variation in the compositionof In or Ga with depth in the absorbing *** variation of the lattice parameters was due to the difference between the ionic radius of In and Ga co-occupying at the same crystallographic *** to the results of the depth profile of the refined parameters using GIXRD data,the bandgap of the CIGS absorber layer was graded over a range of 1.222-1.532 *** approach allows to determine the In or Ga gradients in the CIGS absorbing layer,and to nondestructively guess the bandgap depth profile through the refinement of the lattice parameters using GIXRD data on the assumption that the changes of the lattice parameters or unit-cell volume follow a good approximation to Vegard’s law.

关键词： Cu(In1-xGax)Se2 absorbing layer Depth profile Glancing incidence X-ray diffraction technique Bandgap grading Vegard’s law

Silicone-coated polyimide films deposited by surface dielectric barrier discharges

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第1期21卷 93-99页

作者： Junggil kim Yunjung kim Sangjin kim Guangsup CHO Department of Electrical and Biological Physics Kwangwoon University

Hybrid dielectric barrier discharges are investigated for plasma generated on the surface of a dielectric layer, where two conducting electrodes of high voltage and ground are formulated on the upper and bottom surfaces. Using a flexible thin polyimide-film of a thickness ranging from 25 to 125 μm, a plasma is generated with a voltage of about 1 kV and a frequency of 40 ***, the surface of the dielectric layer was etched through a chemical reaction involving plasma oxygen radical species, and thus the polyimide films failed readily, resulting in dielectric breakdown within short operating time ranging from a few minutes to several tens of minutes,based on the film thicknesses of 25 μm and 125 μm, respectively. These plasma erosions were prevented by coating the polyimide surface with a 25 μm thick silicone paste. The siliconecoated film surface was then reinforced remarkably against plasma erosion as the organic polymer was vulnerable to chemical reaction of the plasma species, while the inorganic silicone exhibited a high chemical resistance against plasma erosion.

关键词： plasma discharge atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasma polyimide film plasma erosion

Hyperreflective photonic crystals created by shearing colloidal dispersions at ultrahigh volume fraction

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 161-173页

作者： Minji kim Jong Bin kim Shin-Hyun kim Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Colloidal crystallization serves as one of the most economic and scalable production methods for photonic ***,insufficient optical performance,nonuniformity and low reproducibility remain challenges for advanced high-value *** this study,we optimally formulate a photocurable dispersion of silica particles and apply shear flow to unify the orientation of the colloidal crystals,ensuring high optical performance and *** silica particles experience strong repulsion at ultrahigh volume fractions of 50%but demonstrate low mobility,leading to polycrystalline *** shear flow to the dispersions allows the silica particles to rearrange into larger crystalline domains with a unidirectional orientation along the *** shear-induced structural change produces absolute reflectivity at the stopband as high as 90%and a high transparency of 90%at off-resonant wavelengths with minimal diffusive ***,the strong interparticle repulsion ensures a uniform volume fraction of particles throughout the dispersion,reducing deviations in the optical *** intricately micropattern the photocurable dispersions using ***,the photonic films and patterns can be stacked to form multiple layers,displaying mixed structural colors and multiple reflectance peaks without sacrificing *** superior photonic materials hold promise for various optical applications,including optical components and anticounterfeiting patches.

关键词： properties. dispersion reflectivity

NOR logic function of a bendable combination of tunneling field-effect transistors with silicon nanowire channels

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Nano Research 2016年第2期9卷 499-506页

作者： Yoonjoong kim Youngin Jeon Minsuk kim Sangsig kim Department of Electrical Engineering Korea University 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-701 Republic of Korea

In this study, we propose a novel combination of tunneling field-effect transistors （TFETs） with asymmetrically doped p^＋-i-n^＋ silicon nanowire （SiNW） channels on a bendable substrate. The combination of two n-channel SiNW-TFETs （NWTFETs） in parallel and two p-channel NWTFETs in series operates as a two-input NOR logic gate. The component NWTFETs with the n- and p-channels exhibit subthreshold swings （SSs） of 69 and 53 mV·dec^-1, respectively, and the on/off current ratios are -106. The NOR logic operation is sustainable and reproducible for up to 1,000 bending cycles with a narrow transition width of -0.26 V. The mechanical bendability of the bendable NWTFETs shows that they are stable and have good fatigue properties. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the electrical and mechanical characteristics of a bendable NOR logic gate composed of NWTFETs.

关键词： silicon nanowire array field-effect transistor tunneling NOR logic gate bendable substrate

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常山根水提物在大鼠肝脏中的抗炎作用

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2003年第2期24卷 127-132页

作者： CHOI Byung-Tae LEE Jun-Hyuk KO Woo-Shin kim Young-Hee CHOI yung-Hyun KANG Ho-Sung kim Han-Do Department of Anatomy College of Oriental Medicaine dongEui Universtity Busan 614-052 Kore. Department of Oriental Medicine College of Oriental Medicine Research Institute of Oriental Medicine Dong-Eui University Busan 614-052 Department of Oriental Medicine College of Oriental Medicine Research Institute of Oriental Medicine Dong-Eui University Busan 614-052 Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea

AIM: To study the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract from Dichroafebrifuga root (AEDF) for suppression in the process of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in the rat liver. METHODS: The inhibitory effect of AEDF on the alteration of inflammatory proteins was investigated by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: Western blot analysis showed that the level of nuclear factor (NF)-κBp65 was markedly up-regulated and (Ⅰ)κBα was down-regulated by LPS (8 mg/kg) challenge. However, AEDF 100 mg/kg inhibited induction of NF-κBp65 and degradation of Ⅰ-κBα in the liver of LPS-challenged rats. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that while the expression of the NF-κBp65, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) tended to increase, that of Ⅰ-κBα was decreased in the hepatocytes of rats challenged with LPS. A slight decline of NF-κBp65, TNF-α, and iNOS, but an increase of Ⅰ-κBα were observed in the hepatocytes of the rats pretreated with AEDF. CONCLUSION: AEDF may act as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory disease through a regulation of inflammation-related proteins.

关键词：常山炎症脂多糖类核因子-кB IкB 肿瘤坏死因子一氧化氮合酶

Probabilistic Distribution of the Maximum Wave Heigh

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China Ocean Engineering 2014年第5期28卷 579-586页

作者： Dong Hyawn kim Taerim kim Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Kunsan National University

A new method of treating maximum wave height as a random variable in reliability analysis of breakwater caissons isproposed. The maximum wave height is expressed as the significant wave height multiplied by the so-called wave height *** proposed wave height ratio is a type of transfer function from the significant wave height to the maximum wave *** the condition of a breaking wave, the ratio is intrinsically nonlinear. Therefore, the probability density function for thevariable cannot be easily defined. In this study, however, it can be derived from the relationship between the maximum andsignificant waves in a nonbreaking environment. Some examples are shown to validate the derived probability density functionfor the wave ratio parameter. By introducing the wave height ratio into reliability analysis of caisson breakwater, the maximumwave height can be used as an independent and primary random variable, which means that the risk of caisson failure during itslifetime can be evaluated realistically.

关键词： maximum wave height wave height ratio reliability caisson breakwater wave breaking

Liquid crystal-powered Mie resonators for electrically tunable photorealistic color gradients and dark blacks

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1098-1108页

作者： Trevon Badloe Joohoon kim Inki kim Won-Sik kim Wook Sung kim Young-Ki kim Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Taking inspiration from beautiful colors in nature,structural colors produced from nanostructured metasurfaces have shown great promise as a platform for bright,highly saturated,and high-resolution *** plasmonic and dielectric materials have been employed to produce static colors that fulfil the required criteria for high-performance color printing,however,for practical applications in dynamic situations,a form of tunability is *** of the additive color palette of red,green,and blue enable the expression of further colors beyond the three primary colors,while the simultaneous intensity modulation allows access to the full color ***,we demonstrate an electrically tunable metasurface that can represent saturated red,green,and blue pixels that can be dynamically and continuously controlled between on and off states using liquid *** use this to experimentally realize ultrahigh-resolution color printing,active multicolor cryptographic applications,and tunable pixels toward high-performance full-color reflective displays.

关键词： saturated printing colors

Hydrodynamics and modeling of a ventilated supercavitating body in transition phase

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第5期27卷 763-772页

作者： kim Seon-Hong kim Nakwan Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Seoul National University

Compared to other underwater vehicles, supercavitating vehicles can attain a high speed because they eliminate drag by creating a large cavity, thus establishing the so-called ＂supercavitating condition.＂ Such a cavity is difficult to develop under normal conditions, hence, ventilation is used to attain the supercavitating condition in the initial phase of flight. In this paper, we focus on the hydrodynamic characteristics of a ventilated supercavitating vehicle. First, dynamic modeling of the supercavitating vehicle is performed to calculate the hydrodynamic force/moment acting on the vehicle for a given size of cavity. We then define the relationship between the ventilation rate and the cavitation number based on an air entrainment model of the ventilated cavity. Numerical simulations were performed to analyze the physical feasibility and characteristics of the modeling. The results show that the cavity length/radius increases with the ventilation rate, proving that ventilation can be used to attain the supercavitating condition.

关键词： entilated supercavity hydrodynamical modeling supercavitating body transition phase cavity closure mode dynamics modeling

Atomic layer deposition for nanoscale oxide semiconductor thin film transistors:review and outlook

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2023年第1期5卷 153-180页

作者： Hye-Mi kim Dong-Gyu kim Yoon-Seo kim Minseok kim Jin-Seong Park Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Since the first report of amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O based thin film transistors,interest in oxide semiconductors has *** offer high mobility,low off-current,low process temperature,and wide flexibility for compositions and ***,depositing oxide semiconductors using conventional processes like physical vapor deposition leads to problematic issues,especially for high-resolution displays and highly integrated memory *** approaches have limited process flexibility and poor conformality on structured *** layer deposition(ALD)is an advanced technique which can provide conformal,thickness-controlled,and high-quality thin film ***,studies on ALD based oxide semiconductors have dramatically increased *** so,the relationships between the film properties of ALD-oxide semiconductors and the main variables associated with deposition are still poorly understood,as are many issues related to *** this review,to introduce ALD-oxide semiconductors,we provide:(a)a brief summary of the history and importance of ALD-based oxide semiconductors in industry,(b)a discussion of the benefits of ALD for oxide semiconductor deposition(in-situ composition control in vertical distribution/vertical structure engineering/chemical reaction and film properties/insulator and interface engineering),and(c)an explanation of the challenging issues of scaling oxide semiconductors and ALD for industrial *** review provides valuable perspectives for researchers who have interest in semiconductor materials and electronic device applications,and the reasons ALD is important to applications of oxide semiconductors.

关键词： atomic layer deposition(ALD) oxide semiconductor thin film transistor(TFT)