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Resistance to Aspergillus flavus in maize and peanut:Molecular biology, breeding, environmental stress,and future perspectives

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The Crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 229-237页

作者： Jake C.Fountain pawan khera Liming Yang Spurthi N.Nayak Brian T.Scully Robert D.Lee Zhi-Yuan Chen Robert C.Kemerait Rajeev K.Varshney Baozhu Guo Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia Tifton GA USA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad Telangana India USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA USA Huaiyin Normal University School of Life Sciences USDA-ARS US Horticultural Laboratory Fort Pierce FL USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton GA USA Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

The colonization of maize(Zea mays L.) and peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus flavus results in the contamination of kernels with carcinogenic mycotoxins known as aflatoxins leading to economic losses and potential health threats to humans. The regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis in various Aspergillus spp. has been extensively studied, and has been shown to be related to oxidative stress responses. Given that environmental stresses such as drought and heat stress result in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) within host plant tissues, host-derived ROS may play an important role in cross-kingdom communication between host plants and A. flavus. Recent technological advances in plant breeding have provided the tools necessary to study and apply knowledge derived from metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic studies in the context of productive breeding populations. Here, we review the current understanding of the potential roles of environmental stress, ROS, and aflatoxin in the interaction between *** and its host plants, and the current status in molecular breeding and marker discovery for resistance to A. flavus colonization and aflatoxin contamination in maize and peanut. We will also propose future directions and a working model for continuing research efforts linking environmental stress tolerance and aflatoxin contamination resistance in maize and peanut.

关键词： Host resistance Molecular breeding Aflatoxin contamination Reactive oxygen species ROS

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Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China,India and the US using simple sequence repeat markers

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第5期58卷 452-465页

作者： Hui Wang pawan khera Bingyan.Huang Mei Yuan Ramesh Katam Weijian Zhuang Karen Harris-Shultz Kim M.Moore Albert K.Culbreath Xinyou Zhang Rajeev K.Varshney Lianhui Xie Baozhu Guo Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University College of Plant ProtectionFuzhou 350002China Department of Plant Pathology University of GeorgiaTiftonGA 31794USA USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research UnitTiftonGA 31794USA Shandong Peanut Research Institute qingdao 266100China International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324India Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Cash Crops Research InstituteZhengzhou 450002China Department of Biological Sciences Florida A&M UniversityTallahasseeFL 32307USA Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University College of Crop ScienceFuzhou 350002China USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research UnitTiftonGA 31794USA AgResearch Consultants Shingler Little River RoadSumnerGA 31789USA

Cultivated peanut is grown worldwide as rich- source of oil and protein. A broad genetic base is needed for cultivar improvement. The objectives of this study were to develop highly informative simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers and to assess the genetic diversity and popuJation structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from different breeding programs in China, India and the US. A total of 111 SSR markers were selected for this study, resulting in a total of 472 alleles. The mean values of gene diversity and polymorphic information content （PIC） were 0.480 and o.429, respectively. Country-wise analysis revealed that alleles per locus in three countries were similar. The mean gene diversity in the US, China and India was 0.363, o.489 and 0.47 with an average PIC of 0.323, 0.43 and o.412, respectively. Genetic analysis using the STRUCTURE divided these peanut lines into two populations （P1, P2）, which was consistent with the dendro- gram based on genetic distance （G1, G2） and the clustering of principal component analysis. The groupings were related to peanut market types and the geographic origin with a few admixtures. The results could be used by breeding programs to assess the genetic diversity of breeding materials to broaden the genetic base and for molecular genetics studies.

关键词： Arachis hypogaea breeding genetic diversity populationstructure simple sequence repeat

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SSR分子标记在花生杂种鉴定中的应用

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福建农林大学学报（自然科学版） 2015年第4期44卷 350-354页

作者：王辉 khera pawan 李双铃任艳袁美庄伟建 VARSHNEY Rajeev K 郭宝珠谢联辉福建农林大学植物保护学院福建福州350002 Department of Plant Pathology University of GeorgiaTiftonGA 31793USA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics PatancheruAndhra Pradesh 502324India 山东省花生研究所山东青岛266100 福建农林大学作物科学学院福建福州350002 Crop Protection and Management Research Unit USDA-ARSTiftonGA 31793USA

以24份花生材料为亲本,配制22个杂交组合,并利用40对SSR引物对24份亲本材料进行多态性筛选,运用多态性引物鉴定92个F1代杂种的真伪.结果表明,不同组合亲本间多态性差异较大,差异最大的两亲本(GT-C20-D和Tamrun OL07)的多态性引物比例为6... 详细信息

以24份花生材料为亲本,配制22个杂交组合,并利用40对SSR引物对24份亲本材料进行多态性筛选,运用多态性引物鉴定92个F1代杂种的真伪.结果表明,不同组合亲本间多态性差异较大,差异最大的两亲本(GT-C20-D和Tamrun OL07)的多态性引物比例为65%.SSR标记法鉴定出49个单株为真杂种;而田间表型鉴定出62个单株为真杂种,与标记鉴定结果差异较大.本研究证实利用分子标记鉴定真假杂种非常必要,且准确可行.同时,本试验证明40对SSR引物具有较高的多态性,可直接用于花生遗传多样性、杂种鉴定以及遗传图谱构建等的研究.

关键词：花生 SSR 杂种鉴定分子标记

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