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Tracing suspended and bed sediments during high and low water periods using geochemical characteristics-Case study:Vazrood watershed,northern Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 470-483页

作者： KARIMI Nabiyeh GHOLAMI Leila KAVIAN Ataollah khaledi darvishan abdulvahed Department of Watershed Management Faculty of Natural ResourcesSari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources UniversitySari ***Iran Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor ***Iran

Complete and comprehensive information about sediment dynamic and identification of hotspots of sediment production and transport are necessary for understanding the erosion processes and increasing the efficiency of soil and water conservation *** studies used the sediment fingerprint techniques to investigate the contribution of different sources in suspended and bed sediment yield of the ***,the contribution of various land use/land covers in suspended and bed sediment yield for the great Caspian Sea basin is in an aura of ambiguity and the present study was conducted to gather information about an important part of this area in northern Iran,where rangelands are located upstream of Hyrcanian forests and dense agricultural lands are located *** surface soil of different land use/land covers including forest,rangeland,agriculture and streambank lands were sampled in 30 *** and bed sediments were sampled in the watershed outlet in two high and low water *** characteristics of soil and sediment samples containing 59 elements were measured using ICP-OES GBC *** reliable and suitable tracers from 59 elements were then selected using Range test,Kruskal-Wallis and Discriminant Function Analysis,respectively,in FingerPro package of R *** results showed that for suspended sediment,streambank and rangeland had the highest contributions of 86.2%and 47.5%,respectively,in two high and low water *** bed sediment,in two high and low water periods,rangeland and streambank had the highest contributions of 73.8%and 84.4%,*** use change and especially human activities such as agriculture,road construction and development of residential areas along the main river riparian zone has led to a significant increase in suspended and bed sediments.

关键词： Caspian Sea basin FingerPro Geochemistry Sediment transport Tracer combination

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Spatial distribution and source identification of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu and Ni) at sub-watershed scale using geographically weighted regression

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第3期7卷 308-315页

作者： Maziar Mohammadi abdulvahed khaledi darvishan Nader Bahramifar Department of Watershed Managerment Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares University***Mazandaran Provincelran Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares University***Mazandaran ProvinceIran

Heavy metals are among the most important sources of water and soil *** elements accumulate in the agricultural soil through using contaminated water for irrigation,fertilizers,pesticide and enter to the river systems by water ***,land use plays a serious role in water and sediment *** this regards,geographically weighted regression was used to investigate the spatial correlation between sediment heavy metals and land uses in a highland *** landuse map was used to calculate the area percentage of landuse types in sub-watersheds,followed by geographically weighted regression method to investigate the spatial correlation of As,Cr,Cu and Ni versus three types of land *** highest correlation was observed for irrigated plots versus As and Ni in upstream and for rainfed plots versus AS,Ni and Cr in the *** relationship between heavy metals and developed lands was more complicated and the highest correlation was found for Ni and As at outlet (R2 =0.52-0.89),for Cr in the upstream (R2 =0.50-0.76),and for Cu in the upstream and downstream (R2 =0.36-0.60).The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between heavy metals and land uses which varies with the level of agricultural and urbanization development at *** on the findings,appropriate policies and decisions should be taken on agricultural land to prevent the transfer of heavy metals by sediment to aquatic environments.

关键词： Land use Sediment pollution GWR Talar watershed

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Spatiotemporal dynamic of environmental indices of watershed sustainability in connection with land-use change

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 11-25页

作者： Fahimeh Mirchooli Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi abdulvahed khaledi darvishan Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Exploring spatial and temporal land-use changes is valuable for local governments to address issues of sustainability and planning policy where urbanization and industrialization are taking *** anthropogenic effects,natural driving forces like climate change may also affect ***,such relationships have not been studied ***,this study first investigates the land-use changes and their relationship with land surface temperature(LST)for the Shazand Watershed,Iran,in 1986,1998,2008,and 2016 coincided with supplementary industrialization ***,the relations among LST and other biophysical parameters,including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),Normalized Difference Buildup Index(NDBI),and Normalized Difference Water Index(NDWI),were analyzed,and corresponding variations were *** results indicated that the mean LST of the study watershed has an increasing trend from 1986 to 2008 due to land-use change and drought ***,LST decreased in *** LST was associated with irrigation farming and orchard,and higher LST was related to sparse oak forest *** was also a negative correlation between LST and *** a result,it was inferred that greenery declined ***,a positive correlation was found between LST and NDBI resulting from the built-up *** LST could influence biological,physical,chemical processes,it can therefore be supported as an effective index for environmental sustainability assessment.

关键词： Temperature–emissivity separation algorithm land surface temperature Shazand Watershed sustainability index sustainability trend Watershed monitoring

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Spatio-temporal suspended sediment fingerprinting under different land management practices

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 481-493页

作者： Maziar Mohammadi abdulvahed khaledi darvishan Nader Bahramifar Seyed Jalil Alavi Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University Department of Geography University of Zurich Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University

Understanding spatio-temporal suspended sediment dynamics is more important in large watersheds due to the decisive role of local source apportionment in sediment transport and yield. The Talar River with a large mountainous watershed in northern Iran, which plays a vital role in water supply for agriculture and drinking, recently has faced quality degradation. The current study explores the relative contribution of suspended sediment sources using geochemical tracers and fingerprinting techniques in high and low flow periods along this river. Soil samples were collected from four major land uses including rangeland, forest, rainfed agriculture, and irrigated agriculture, as well as riverbanks and riparian zones along the main river. Furthermore, suspended sediment was sampled at four sampling points along the main river in two seasons. Land use apportionment in suspended sediment yield was calculated using an unmixing model included in a newly developed package(Finger Pro) in high flow and low flow, separately. The fingerprinting results showed a highly spatio-temporal dynamic for sediment source contribution along the main river in high and low flow periods. Natural land uses(forest and rangeland) in upstream reaches and agricultural land uses and riverbank sources in downstream reaches showed higher contributions to suspended sediment yield. The mean contribution of various land uses for both high and low flow periods indicated substantial contributions from forest(34%-41%) and riverbanks(31%-33%). The significant difference in sediment geochemical properties for the two flow seasons highlights the important role of the prevailing climatic-hydrologic condition on river ***, this issue indicates that sediment source contributions and transfer mechanisms are highly dynamic in Talar River watershed. The current study outcomes provide essential knowledge to create a robust strategy for mitigation of river sediment pollution.

关键词： Land use River water quality Sediment fingerprinting Sustainability Unmixing model

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Country-scale spatio-temporal monitoring of soil erosion in Iran using the G2 model

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第8期14卷 1019-1039页

作者： Shahin Mohammadi Fatemeh Balouei Khadijeh Haji abdulvahed khaledi darvishan Christos G.Karydas Department of Remote Sensing and GIS Faculty of Earth SciencesShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran Department of Range and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural ResourcesIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahanIran Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoorIran dRemote Sensing Engineer EpanomiGreece

The aim of this study was the spatial and temporal monitoring of soil erosion patterns in *** G2 model was used,as an appropriate tool to provide the required month-time step country-wide soil loss maps and statistical *** input parameters were derived with field surveys and remote sensing imagery(MODIS,SRTM,SPOT,and Sentinel-2 scenes).An innovation for G2 was the consideration of the snow cover effect on the rainfall *** was also the first time G2 was used to map such a big country like Iran on a country *** mean annual soil erosion in Iran was found to be 16.5 t ha−1,which is equal to about 2.7 billion tons of soil *** spatial terms,the highest soil loss values were found in the north,west and southwest part of Iran,in the steep slopes in Alborz and Zagros *** temporal terms,the highest and lowest monthly erosion values of 3.2 and 0.09 t ha−1 correspond to January and July,respectively.

关键词： Digital earth Land degradation Sediment yield Sentinel-2 Snow cover effect

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Effects of type, level and time of sand and gravel mining on particle size distributions of suspended sediment

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第2期6卷 184-193页

作者： Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi Sudabeh Gharemahmudli Hossein Kheirfam abdulvahed khaledi darvishan Mahboobeh Kiani Harchegani Pari Saeidi Leila Gholami Mehdi Vafakhah Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor***Mazandaran ProvinceIran Department of Environmental Sciences Urmia Lake Research InstituteUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor46417-76489Iran Department of Range and Watershed Management Sari Agriculture and Natural Resources UniversitySariMazandaran ProvinceIran

Monitoring the sediment transport behavior induced by different interventions, particularly sand mining from rivers, is needed to adaptively manage the watersheds. The particle size distribution of the sus-pended sediment in up and downstream of rivers is one of the main indicators to know about fate of sediments, which may be varied in different conditions. We investigated the effect of some types of sand and gravel (i.e., manual and low, semi-heavy, and heavy machinery) mining on particle size distribution of suspended sediment in the Vaz-e-Owlya, Vaz-e-Sofla and Alesh-Roud riverine mines located in Ma-zandaran Province, northern Iran. The study was conducted on a monthly basis from February, 2012 to January, 2013. Laser granulometry was used to analyze the particle size distribution of suspended se-diment samples taken from up and downstream sections of the study mines. The results revealed that the level and intensity of mining activity affected particle size distribution of suspended sediments. Further statistical assessments in up and downstream sections of the mines proved that sorting, D50, mean, D90, kurtosis, skewness and D10 of the suspended sediment were not significantly influenced by mining activities at levels of 0.09, 0.11, 0.12, 0.15 to 0.69, 0.15–0.69, 0.77, 0.87, 0.97, respectively. While it was not statistically significant, we found that the type of mine and the level of the exploitation changed the particle size distribution of the suspended sediment.

关键词： Mine exploitation Particle size distribution Sediment granulometry Sediment temporal variations

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Effect of storm pattern on soil erosion in damaged rangeland;field rainfall simulation approach

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第3期18卷 706-715页

作者： Leila GHOLAMI Abdulavahed khaledi darvishan Veliber SPALEVIC Artemi CERDà Ataollah KAVIAN Department of Watershed Management Faculty of Natural ResourcesSari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University(SANRU)Sari 48181-66996Iran Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor 46417-76489Iran Department of Geography Faculty of Philosophy of the University of MontenegroNiksic 81400Montenegro Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group Departament de Geografia.Universitat de València.Blasco Ibà?ez 28 Valencia 46010Spain

Raindrop size,rainfall intensity and runoff discharge affect the detachment and transportation of soil *** these three factors,the rainfall intensity seems to be more important because it can change other two *** patterns can be determined by changing the rainfall intensity during the ***,the objective of this research is to test the influence of storm pattern on runoff,soil erosion and sediment concentration on a rangeland soil slope under field rainfall *** storm rainfall intensity patterns were selected for examining the effects of variations in storm event characteristics on soil erosion *** selected storm patterns were:I(45,55 and 70 mm h-1);II(45,70 and 55 mm h-1);III:(70,55 and 45 mm h-1);and IV(55,45 and 70 mm h1).The last pattern is a new one instead of the uniform pattern which has been sufficiently studied in previous *** experiments were conducted in field plots(in Kojour watershed,Mazandaran Province,Iran)with an area of one square meter and an constant slope gradient of 18%,surrounded by galvanised *** the nonuniform prioritization of the storm patterns for the studied variables,time to runoff(I>II>IV>III),runoff volume(III>IV>II>I),sediment concentration(IV>III>I>II)and soil erosion(III>IV>II>I)),it can be generally inferred that each pattern has specific effect on soil erosion processes during a *** results of the general linear model(GLM)test indicated that the effects of storm pattern on time to runoff,total runoff volume,runoff coefficient and soil erosion were significant at a level of 99%.The Duncan test showed that the storm patterns can be divided into three groups of III,IV;II;I(for time to runoff),I,II;IV,III(for runoff coefficient),and I;II;IV,III(for runoff volume and soil erosion).

关键词： Plot scale Runoff coefficient Soil erosion Storm patterns Time to runoff

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Assessing the health and ecological security of a human induced watershed in central iran

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 421-435页

作者： Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi Mehdi Vafakhah Vahid Moosavi Sanaz Pourfallah Asadabadi Padideh Sadat Sadeghi abdulvahed khaledi darvishan Reza Bagheri Fahraji Seyed Hossein Mosavinia Abdolghasem Majidnia Sudabeh Gharemahmudli Hamidreza Moradi Rekabdarkolaei Department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoorMazandaranIran General Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management YazdIran Watershed Management Engineering and Science Gorgan University of Agricultural SciencesGorganGolestanIran

Assessment of the watershed health and associated ecological security is crucial for the proper land resources management,notably when sufficient money and time have *** present study aimed to prepare health and ecological security for the Pishkuh Watershed in Yazd Province,central *** prepare the health atlas of the Pishkuh Watershed,the conceptual framework of pressure,state,response(PSR)was *** pressure index was investigated by analyzing the driving forces of natural and human-induced ***,the existing conditions of the natural environment and the watershed performance were analyzed using the state ***,the response index was also calculated as a criterion for expressing the degree of community response or different watershed outcomes to the driving forces imposed on the watershed *** study results revealed that some 91 and 9%of the watershed were classified as moderately healthy and relatively *** results of the ecological security index further showed that some 41%of the area was categorized as relatively poor *** results of the current study can be used by local managers and decision-makers to adaptively designate appropriate,economic,and goal-targeted solutions for the resources management in the region.

关键词： Adaptive management Integrated watershed management Land management Sustainable development Watershed sustainability

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