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Individual Differences in Aging: Behavioral and Neural Analyses

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第Z1期 166-172页

作者： DAVID S.OLTON,ALIcJA MARKOWSKA,STEVEN J.BREcKLER,GARY L.WENK,kevin c.pang,VASSILISKOLIATSOS Department of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Department of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Department of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Department of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Department of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Departments of Pathology and Neurology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21205

关键词： Behavioral and Neural Analyses

Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer c.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric critical care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

Habitat selection by nestbox-breeding birds and Roe Deer are incongruent within a heterogeneous woodland landscape

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 43-48页

作者： kevin B.Briggs Mark c.Mainwaring Warton CarnforthLancashireLA59RAUK Field Research Station at Fort Missoula Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMT59812USA

conserving species relies upon acquiring an understanding of their use of habitat,yet our understanding of the use of habitat by co-existing species of different guilds at microgeographic scales remains *** particular,the use of habitat by woodland species is of conservation concern because of widespread declines in woodland *** bird declines have been ascribed,in part,to high deer densities because their browsing reduces the availability of nesting sites and *** quantify the microgeographic use of habitat by Roe Deer(capreolus capreolus)and of Great Tits(Parus major),Blue Tits(cyanistes caeruleus)and Pied Flycatchers(Ficedula hypoleuca)in a heterogenous woodland *** examined the use of habitat at microgeographic scales by the deer and the three bird species in relation to whether the local habitat was flat or wet or had a path,fence or wall within a 25-m radius of 206 randomly selected *** first examined if the occupancy rates of nestboxes in those locations were correlated with the number of Roe Deer lays and second,examined if the use of habitat by the Roe Deer and the bird species were associated with each of the habitat features that we *** begin by showing that the use of habitat by Roe Deer is incongruent with the use of habitat by Great Tits,Blue Tits and Pied Flycatchers during the breeding ***,whilst all three bird species showed no,or weak,habitat preferences,the Roe Deer preferred daytime lay sites that were in flat areas of wet woodland close to paths,whilst there were no significant effects of the presence of fences and *** findings show that the Roe Deer and the three bird species differ in the use of habitat within a heterogenous woodland landscape,meaning that their use of habitat did not overlap at microgeographic ***,the deer showed preferences for flat areas of wet woodland,whilst none of the bird species exhibited such preferences,and we discuss the implications o

关键词： capreolus capreolus cyanistes caeruleus Ficedula hypoleuca Habitat use Nestboxes Nest site selection Parus major Woodlands

Feedback control for Ecosystem Management:The case of Wolf-Elk-Hunting Dynamics in the US Mountain West

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 850-865页

作者： kevin MAcKSAMIE Jeffrey WAGNER Juan c.cOcKBURN Black River Systems company Inc. 162 Genesee Street Utica New York 13507 USA Department of Economics Rochester Institute of Technology 92 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester NY 14623 USA Department of computer Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology 83 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester NY 14623USA

The purpose of this paper is to explore the promise of utilizing some relatively new feedback control techniques in ecosystem management. First, we set forth a basic ecological-economic model of a predator-prey-hunting system in which both the predator and prey have use(flow) and non-use(stock) value and when the predator can inflict transboundary damages. We then use new data from the US Mountain West to show how a particular feedback approach—linear parameter-varying(LPV) control—can be utilized in this context. Our LPV model is able to quantify the cost of managing disturbances that inevitably arise as a manager tries to keep the actual path of the system "close" to its optimum. The results suggest management strategies in mountain ecosystems that feature large, mammalian carnivores.

关键词： Feedback control Linear parameter Optimal vontrol Robust control Predator-prey Recreational hunting

Indications of pro-inflammatory cytokines in laparoscopic and open liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 257-264页

作者： kevin Tak-Pan Ng Li pang Jia-Qi Wang Wong Hoi She Simon Hing-Yin Tsang chung Mau Lo Kwan Man Tan To cheung Department of Surgery HKU-SZH&School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Our clinical practice of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)had achieved better short-term and long-term benefits for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)over open liver resection(OLR),but the underlying mechanisms are not *** study was to find out whether systemic inflammation plays an important ***:A total of 103 patients with early-stage Hcc under liver resection were enrolled(LLR group,n=53;OLR group,n=50).The expression of 9 inflammatory cytokines in patients at preoperation,postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD7 was quantified by Luminex Multiplex *** relationships of the cytokines and the postoperative outcomes were compared between LLR and ***:Seven of the circulating cytokines were found to be significantly upregulated on POD1 after LLR or OLR compared to their preoperative *** to OLR,the POD1 levels of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-cSF),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(McP-1)in the LLR group were significantly *** POD1 levels of these cytokines were significantly correlated with longer operative time and higher volume of blood loss during *** levels of these cytokines were positively associated with postoperative liver injury,and the length of hospital ***,a high level of IL-6 at POD1 was a risk factor for Hcc recurrence and poor disease-free survival after liver ***:Significantly lower level of GM-cSF,IL-6,IL-8,and McP-1 after liver resection represented a milder systemic inflammation which might be an important mechanism to offer better short-term and long-term outcomes in LLR over OLR.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection Open liver resection Hepatocellular carcinoma Postoperative cytokines Inflammatory responses

In vivo imaging of structural,metabolic and functional brain changes in glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第3期14卷 446-449页

作者： Anisha Kasi Muneeb A.Faiq kevin c.chan NYU Langone Eye center Department of Ophthalmology NYU School of Medicine NYU Langone Health New York University Department of Radiology NYU School of Medicine NYU Langone Health New York University center for Neural Science Faculty of Arts and Science New York University

Glaucoma, the world's leading cause of irreversible blindness, is a condition for which elevated intraocular pressure is currently the only modifiable risk factor. However, the disorder can continue to progress even at reduced intraocular pressure. This indicates additional key factors that contribute to the etiopathogenesis. There has been a growing amount of literature suggesting glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disease of the visual system. However, it remains debatable whether the observed pathophysiological conditions are causes or consequences. This review summarizes recent in vivo imaging studies that helped advance the understanding of early glaucoma involvements and disease progression in the brains of humans and experimental animal models. In particular, we focused on the non-invasive detection of early structural and functional brain changes before substantial clinical visual field loss in glaucoma patients; the eye-brain interactions across disease severity; the metabolic changes occurring in the brain's visual system in glaucoma; and, the widespread brain involvements beyond the visual pathway as well as the potential behavioral relevance. If the mechanisms of glaucomatous brain changes are reliably identified, novel neurotherapeutics that target parameters beyond intraocular pressure lowering can be the promise of the near future, which would lead to reduced prevalence of this irreversible but preventable disease.

关键词： glaucoma intraocular pressure eye-brain-behavior relationship irreversible blindness magnetic resonance imaging metabolic brain changes sensitivity disease progression

Glymphatic imaging and modulation of the optic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 937-947页

作者： Anisha Kasi crystal Liu Muneeb A.Faiq kevin c.chan Department of Ophthalmology NYU Grossman School of MedicineNYU Langone HealthNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Radiology NYU Grossman School of MedicineNYU Langone HealthNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Neuroscience Institute NYU Grossman School of MedicineNYU Langone HealthNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA center for Neural Science College of Arts and ScienceNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Optic nerve health is essential for proper function of the visual ***,the pathophysiology of certain neurodegenerative disease processes affecting the optic nerve,such as glaucoma,is not fully ***,it was hypothesized that a lack of proper clearance of neurotoxins contributes to neurodegenerative *** ability to clear metabolic waste is essential for tissue homeostasis in mammals,including *** the brain lacks the traditional lymphatic drainage system identified in other anatomical regions,there is growing evidence of a glymphatic system in the central nervous system,which structurally includes the optic *** to acknowledge the supportive role of astroglial cells,this perivascular fluid drainage system is essential to remove toxic metabolites from the central nervous ***,we review existing literature describing the physiology and dysfunction of the glymphatic system specifically as it relates to the optic *** summarize key imaging studies demonstrating the existence of a glymphatic system in the optic nerves of wild-type rodents,aquaporin 4-null rodents,and humans;glymphatic imaging studies in diseases where the optic nerve is impaired;and current evidence regarding pharmacological and lifestyle interventions that may help promote glymphatic function to improve optic nerve *** conclude by highlighting future research directions that could be applied to improve imaging detection and guide therapeutic interventions for diseases affecting the optic nerve.

关键词： aquaporin-4 cerebrospinal fluid glaucoma glymphatic system hydrocephalus imaging metabolic waste clearance optic nerve perivascular pharmacological and lifestyle interventions

Investigation on the effectiveness of pretreatment in stormwater management technologies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1824-1830页

作者： Marla c.Maniquiz-Redillas Franz kevin F.Geronimo Lee-Hyung Kim Dept.of civil and Environmental Engineering Kongju National UniversityCheonanChungnamdoSouth Korea

The effectiveness of presettling basins as component of stormwater best management practice （BMP） technologies was investigated. Storm event monitoring and sediment collection were conducted from May 2009 to November 2012 on the presettling basins of the three BMP technologies designed to capture and treat stormwater runoff from highly impervious roads and parking lots. Data on captured runoff and sediment, total suspended solids （TSS） loadings, rainfall and runoff rate, sediment accumulation rate, as well as particle distribution and pollutant concentrations of sediment were gathered and analyzed along with the physical design characteristics of the presettling basins such as surface area and storage volume. Regression models were generated to determine significant relationships between design parameters. Results revealed that the storage volume ratio （ratio of storage volume of presettling basin to BMP） was an important parameter in designing the presettling basin of the BMP. For practicality, optimizing the design of the presetfling basin means that the storage volume ratio should be determined based on the desired captured amount of runoff and sediment from runoff to limit the frequency of maintenance caused by the accumulation of sediment. It was recommended that pretreatment of runoff should be employed when the site in which the BMP is to be sited has high TSS loading and runoff rate, and is subjected to high intensity rainfall.

关键词： Best management practicePresettling basinPretreatmentSedimentStormwater runoff

Thouless pumping in disordered photonic systems

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 295-301页

作者： Alexander cerjan Mohan Wang Sheng Huang kevin P.chen Mikael c.Rechtsman Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Thouless charge pumping protocols provide a route for one-dimensional systems to realize topological ***,using arrays of evanescently coupled optical waveguides,we experimentally demonstrate bulk Thouless pumping in the presence of *** degree of pumping is quite tolerant to significant deviations from adiabaticity as well as the addition of system disorder until the disorder is sufficiently strong to reduce the bulk mobility gap of the system to be on the scale of the modulation frequency of the ***,we show that this approach realizes near-full-unit-cell transport per pump cycle for a physically relevant class of localized initial system ***,temporally pumped systems can potentially be used as a design principle for a new class of modulated slow-light devices that are resistant to system disorder.

关键词： pumping pumped pump