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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2674-2685页

作者： Gensheng Zhang Mudi Sun Xinyao Ma Wei Liu Zhimin Du zhensheng kang Jie Zhao State Key Laboratory of Crop Resistance and High-Efficiency Production College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Wheat stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis ***(Pst),is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of wheat,and seriously threatens safe production of the crop *** China,new races historically appeared and rapidly developed to be predominant races and have resulted in ineffectiveness and replacement of wheat resistance cultivars as well as massive reduction in *** the present study,the relative parasitic fitness of the two newlyemerged Yr5-virulent races(TSA-6 and TSA-9)were compared with those of four currently predominant Chinese races(CYR31,CYR32,CYR33,and CYR34)based on evaluation on 10 Chinese wheat *** a result,there were significant differences in the relative parasitic fitness parameters among overall tested races based on multiple comparison(LSD)analysis(PTSA-9(0.95)>TSA-6(0.92)>CYR34(0.29)>CYR31(–1.54)>CYR33(–1.77).The results indicated that two Yr5-virulent races TSA-9 and TSA-6 possessed relative parasitic fitness higher than races CYR34,CYR31,and CYR33,but lower than race CYR32,and have potential risks in developing to be predominant ***,continual monitoring of both Yr5-virulent races,and their variants is *** use of wheat cultivars(lines)with Yr5 resistance gene singly in wheat breeding is essential for being avoided,and is suggested to combine with other effective stripe rust resistance genes.

关键词： wheat stripe rust Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici parasitic fitness Yr5 new race

Pan-genome analysis reveals a highly plastic genome and extensive secreted protein polymorphism in Puccinia striformis ***

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 574-577页

作者： Jierong Wang Yuxi Peng Yiwen Xu Zhiru Li Gangming Zhan zhensheng kang Jing Zhao College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China College of Life Science Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The obligate biotrophic basidiomycete fungus Puccinia striformis ***(Pst)is the causative agent of wheat stripe(yellow)rust,a disease that results in severe damage to global wheat production(Chen and kang,2017).This pathogen has a mixed reproductive mode encompassing both asexual and sexual *** asexual stage is accomplished by reinfecting wheat with urediniospores,while the sexual cycle involves five different spore types and two phylogenetically unrelated plant hosts wheat,which is the primary host,and barberry,which is the alternate host(Zhao et al.,2016).This extremely complex lifecycle facilitates large genetic variation among Pst populations,which is conducive to the emergence of new virulent races that can overcome wheat resistance genes,resulting in epidemics(Chen and kang,2017).Secreted effector proteins,the key virulence factors in fungal pathogens,can not only suppress plant immune systems but also trigger host immune responses following recognition by plant receptors(Toruno et al.,2016).

关键词： Puccinia overcome wheat

Transcriptomic Analysis of Wheat Reveals Possible Resistance Mechanism Mediated by Yr10 to Stripe Rust

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Wheat Reveals Possible Resistance...

中国植物病理学会2024年学术年会

作者： ZHANG Gaohua kang zhensheng WANG Xiaojing State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University

Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis ***(Pst),is a catastrophic disease that threatens global wheat ***10 is a race-specific all-stage disease resistance gene in ***,the resistance mechanism of Yr10 is poorly ***,to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism mediated by Yr10,transcriptomic sequencing was performed at 0,18,and 48 h post-inoculation(hpi) of compatible wheat Avocet S(AvS) and incompatible near-isogenic line(NIL) AvS+Yr10 inoculated with Pst race ***,227,208,and 4050 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified at 0,18,and 48 hpi between incompatible and compatible *** response of Yr10 to stripe rust involved various processes and activities,as indicated by the results of Gene Ontology(GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway ***,the response included photosynthesis,defense response to fungus,metabolic processes related to salicylic acid(SA) and jasmonic acid(JA),and activities related to reactive oxygen species(ROS).Ten candidate genes were selected for qRT-PCR verification and the results showed that the transcriptomic data was *** the functional analysis of candidate genes by the virus-inducted gene silencing(VIGS) system,it was found that the gene TaHPPD(4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) negatively regulated the resistance of wheat to stripe rust by affecting SA signaling,pathogenesis-related(PR) gene expression,and ROS *** study provides insight into Yr10-mediated resistance in wheat.

关键词： Transcriptome Yr10 Virus-induced gene silencing system (VIGS) system 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase HPPD

Hybridization between Puccinia striiformis *** Races,Virulence Variation and Population Heterozygosity

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Hybridization between Puccinia striiformis *** Races,Virulen...

中国植物病理学会2024年学术年会

作者： Xinzhi Liuma MA Xinyao LI Zejian kang zhensheng ZHAO Jie State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F University

Wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis *** is an extremely destructive fungal disease in China and many parts of the *** disease can result in massive yield reduction in severe epidemic *** emergence of new races is responsible for the breakdown of genetic resistance of wheat cultivars being susceptible and subsequent expansion leading to epidemics due to rapid accumulation on susceptible ***,sexual hybridization between races in the roles of resulting in pathogenicity variation to produce new races and the level of population genetic diversity is still ***,F,,and F progenies,derived from crossing two races on alternate host barberry seedlings,were established,and phenotyped on the set of Chinese differentials,and 28 single-Yr gene lines.F2 progenies was genotyped using the 20 K-SNP chip to scan whole *** variation,phenotypic and genotypic diversity,and population heterozygosity were analyzed with *** a result,85 F2 progenies were identified as 50 different races（var.100%） on the Chinese differentials,which were new races distinguishable from the parental races,and 57 various virulence patterns on the Yr lines ***-eight of overall F progenies showed increased *** and virulence segregation of the F progenies were observed at 13 Yr loci,at each of which avirulence was controlled by one gene or two genes with interaction effect,showing complicated *** data analyses,based on ～77 000 SNPs,indicated that the F progenies displayed high heterozygosity（ranged 0-100%,mainly at 0-10%）,with heterozygosity index（0.07-0.64）,and high genotypic diversity（Hexp=0.428;G=82;lambda=0.988）.Our results showed that sexual hybridization between races is a new and important way for generating new races,and maintaining population genetic diversity of the strip *** approach can be used to account for the origin of new races.

关键词： Hybridization between Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici Races,Virulence Variation and Population Heterozygosity

A Fully Haplotype-resolved and Nearly Gap-free Genome Assembly of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus

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A Fully Haplotype-resolved and Nearly Gap-free Genome Assemb...

中国植物病理学会2024年学术年会

作者： WANG Jierong XU Yiwen PENG Yuxi WANG Yiping kang zhensheng ZHAO Jing State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F University

Stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis ***(Pst) is a destructive pathogen of wheat *** has a macrocyclic-heteroecious lifecycle,in which one-celled urediniospores are dikaryotic,each nucleus containing one haploid ***,we successfully generated the first fully haplotype-resolved and nearly gap-free chromosome-scale genome assembly of Pst by combining PacBio HiFi sequencing technology and a trio-binning *** genome size of the two haploid assemblies was 75.59 Mb and 75.91 Mb with contig N50 of 4.17 Mb and 4.60 Mb,and both had 18 *** high consensus quality values of 55.57 and 59.02 for both haplotypes confirmed the correctness of the *** the total 18 chromosomes,15 and 16 were gapless while there were only five and two gaps for the remaining chromosomes of the two haplotypes,*** total,15 046 and 15 050 protein-coding genes were predicted for the two haplotypes,and the complete BUSCO scores achieved 97.7% and 97.9%,*** genome will lay the foundation for further research on genetic variations and the evolution of rust fungi.

关键词： Puccinia striiformis haplotype-resolved genome assembly genomic diversity

The Puccinia striiformis Effector Pst11215 Manipulates Mitochondria to Suppress Host Immunity by Promoting TaVDIP1-mediated Ubiquitination of TaVDAC1

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The Puccinia striiformis Effector Pst11215 Manipulates Mitoc...

中国植物病理学会2024年学术年会

作者： PAN Qinglin ZHANG Yueyang YANG Yang WANG Jinmian WANG Xiaojie kang zhensheng LIU Jie State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University

Mitochondria-induced cell death is closely correlated with plant immune responses against ***,the molecular mechanisms by which pathogens manipulate mitochondria to suppress host resistance remain poorly *** this study,we identified a haustorium-specific effector Pst11215 with a signal peptide from the wheat stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis ***(Pst).Silencing of Pst11215 resulted in attenuated virulence of Pst and limited hyphal extension in ***11215 was confirmed to interact with the wheat voltage-dependent anion channel TaVDAC1 in ***-induced gene silencing(VIGS) analysis showed that TaVDAC1 negatively regulated wheat resistance to stripe *** addition,the interplay between TaVDAC1 and the wheat E3 ubiquitin ligase TaVDIP1 was verified by yeast two hybrid,luciferase complementation assay and ***1 is capable of ubiquitinating TaVDAC1,which can be significantly promoted by *** is worth noting that TaVDIP1-meidated ubiquitination of TaVDAC1 does not lead to its *** down TaVDIP1 using VIGS enhanced wheat resistance to *** contrast,overexpression of TaVDIP1 facilitated susceptibility of wheat to stripe rust,accompanied by lower reactive oxygen species(ROS) accumulation and abnormal ***,TaVDIP1-mediated wheat susceptibility to stripe rust is dependent on *** together,these results indicate that Pst 11215 functions as an important pathogenicity factor secreted to the host mitochondria to compromise wheat resistance to Pst possibly by boosting TaVDIP1-mediated ubiquitination of *** research unveils a novel regulation mode of effectors hijacking host mitochondria to contribute to pathogen infection and pathogenicity.

关键词： The Puccinia striiformis Effector Pst11215 Manipulates Mitochondria to Suppress Host Immunity by Promoting TaVDIP1-mediated Ubiquitination of TaVDAC1

小麦E3泛素连接酶TaRING1互作靶标筛选与验证

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西北植物学报 2024年第9期44卷 1411-1419页

作者：王金棉韩璐昕康振生刘杰西北农林科技大学生命科学学院陕西杨凌712100 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院陕西杨凌712100 西北农林科技大学作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室陕西杨凌712100

【目的】为探究TaRING1在小麦与条锈菌互作过程中的作用,解析其作用机理,为小麦条锈病的绿色防控提供理论依据。【方法】利用酵母双杂交技术筛选TaRING1的互作靶标蛋白,并通过荧火素酶互补实验(LCA)及双分子荧光互补(BiFC)验证互作,通... 详细信息

【目的】为探究TaRING1在小麦与条锈菌互作过程中的作用,解析其作用机理,为小麦条锈病的绿色防控提供理论依据。【方法】利用酵母双杂交技术筛选TaRING1的互作靶标蛋白,并通过荧火素酶互补实验(LCA)及双分子荧光互补(BiFC)验证互作,通过泛素化实验对TaRING1的泛素功能进行验证,通过烟草瞬时表达及小麦原生质体转化分析靶标TaRIP92的亚细胞定位。【结果】以TaRING1作为诱饵,利用酵母双杂交技术筛选到互作靶标TaRIP92,并通过LCA及BiFC验证TaRING1与TaRIP92互作,通过体外泛素化实验证明TaRING1可以泛素化底物TaRIP92,烟草瞬时表达及小麦原生质体转化发现TaRIP92蛋白定位于线粒体。【结论】TaRING1通过与线粒体蛋白TaRIP92互作并对其进行泛素化。

关键词：小麦条锈病 E3泛素连接酶 TaRING1 TaRIP92

青海省2014—2016年小麦条锈菌越夏菌源群体毒性结构分析

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植物病理学报 2024年第3期54卷 561-570页

作者：陈建雄詹刚明郭青云康振生姚强青海大学农林科学院青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站西宁810016 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室杨凌712100

为探明青海省不同地区小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis ***)越夏菌源之间的相互关系,于2014—2016年小麦秋苗期,从青海省不同地区采集发病初期的小麦条锈菌样本,利用近等基因系和辅助鉴别寄主进行毒性鉴定,在此基础上对不同年份和地区... 详细信息

为探明青海省不同地区小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis ***)越夏菌源之间的相互关系,于2014—2016年小麦秋苗期,从青海省不同地区采集发病初期的小麦条锈菌样本,利用近等基因系和辅助鉴别寄主进行毒性鉴定,在此基础上对不同年份和地区亚群的小麦条锈菌毒性多样性进行分析。结果表明,青海省小麦条锈菌群体毒性类型丰富,在106份条锈菌标样中共鉴定出65种毒性类型。其中,供试条锈菌群体对Yr25、Yr29和YrA抗条锈病基因的毒性频率最高,均为100%;其次是Yr44,为99.07%;对Yr5和Yr15的毒性频率均为0;除YrTr1基因(1.76%)外,对其余抗条锈基因的毒性频率在45.56%~97.78%之间,表明除Yr5、Yr15和YrTr1这3个基因外,其余24个抗条锈基因的抗性已减缓或丧失。不同采样年份小麦条锈菌系毒性多样性分析结果表明:2016年菌系毒性多样性最高,其次为2014年,2015年最低。不同采样地区小麦条锈菌系毒性多样性分析结果表明:化隆县群体的毒性基因多样性最高,其次为贵德县,民和县的毒性基因多样性最低。2014—2016三年中供试条锈菌群体对Yr5、Yr15和YrTr1基因的毒性频率在0~2.8%,表明这3个基因是当前青海省有效的抗条锈病基因,可进一步加以利用。本研究明确了青海省小麦条锈菌群体毒性类型以及不同地区间条锈菌群体毒性强弱,为该省小麦抗病品种合理布局提供了理论依据。

关键词：小麦条锈病毒性抗条锈基因

Wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr24/Yr26：A retrospective review

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The Crop Journal 2018年第4期6卷 321-329页

作者： Robert McIntosh Jingmei Mu Dejun Han zhensheng kang Plant Breeding Institute Cobbitty University of Sydney Private Bag 4011 Narellan NSW 2567 Australia State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 Shaanxi China College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 Shaanxi China

The objective of this review is to describe events in China and elsewhere that are related to the discovery, genetic identification, use, and ultimate break-down of a single wheat gene for resistance to stripe rust, namely Yr24/Yr26. In our retrospective analysis there was an early assumption of at least three genes at or near the locus, which caused an erroneous presumption of genetic diversity for resistance. It is an example of another boom and bust cycle in plant breeding with races virulent to Yr26(V26 races) now being the majority race group in the Chinese Pst population. We have attempted to present our story in a historical and personal context demonstrating research inputs from different national and international groups, as well as some significant contemporary side issues. It covers the period from the late 1980 s to 2017, during which significant rapid advances in the molecular biology of host: pathogen genetics occurred. We attempt to describe both successes and drawbacks in our work.

关键词： Puccinia striiformis Resistance genes Triticum aestivum Virulence Yellow rust

Understanding the lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms of obligate biotrophic fungi in wheat:The emerging genomics era

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The Crop Journal 2018年第1期6卷 60-67页

作者： Chunlei Tang Qiang Xu Mengxin Zhao Xiaojie Wang zhensheng kang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University

Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be cultured in vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi parasitizing wheat are the rust and powdery mildew pathogens, but their obligate biotrophic lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood at the molecular level. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, increasing numbers of pathogen genomes are becoming available. Research in plant pathology has entered a new genomics era. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of biotrophic fungal pathogens attacking wheat based on pathogen genomics. We particularly focus on the three wheat rust and the powdery mildew fungi in regard to genome sequencing, avirulence gene cloning, effector discovery, and pathogenomics. We predict that coordinated study of both wheat and its pathogens should reveal new insights in biotrophic adaptation, pathogenicity mechanisms,and population dynamics of these fungi that will assist in development of new strategies for breeding wheat varieties with durable resistance.

关键词： Common wheat Biotrophic fungus Pathogenicity Pathogenomics Powdery mildew Rust