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Enhanced biological nutrient removal by the alliance of a heterotrophic nitrifying strain with a nitrogen removing ecosystem

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期20卷 216-223页

作者： Naeem ud din Ahmad XU Haiying CHEN Liping LIU Zhipei LIU Shuangjiang State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated in an airlift bioreactor （ALB）, augmented with a novel heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T under organic carbon to nitrogen ratios （Corg/N） ranging from 0 to 12. Effect of the inoculated strain was also determined on the settling properties and the removal of chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Two laboratory scale reactors were set up to achieve a stable nitrifying state under the same physicochemical conditions of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen （DO）, and operated under the sequencing batch mode. The level of DO was kept at 0.5- 1.5 mg/L by periodic stirring and aeration. Each specific Corg/N ratio was continued for duration of 3 weeks. One of the reactors （BR2） was inoculated with P ammonioxydans H9^T periodically at the start of each Corg/N ratio. Sludge volumetric index （SVI） improved with the increasing Corg/N ratio, but no significant difference was detected between the two reactors. BR2 showed higher levels of nitrogen removal with the increasing heterotrophic conditions, and the ammonia removal reached to the level of 82%-88%, up to10% higher than that in the control reactor （BR1） at Corg/N ratios higher than 6; however, the ammonia removal level in experimental reactor was up to 8% lower than that in control reactor at Corg/N ratios lower than 2. The COD removal efficiency progressively increased with the increasing Corg/N ratios in both of the reactors. The COD removal percentage up to peak values of 88%-94% in BR2, up to 11% higher than that in BR1 at Corg/N ratio higher than 4. The peak values of ammonia and COD removal almost coincided with the highest number （18%-27% to total bacterial number） of the exogenous bacterium in the BR2, detected as colony forming units （CFU）. Furthermore, the removal of ammonia and COD in BR2 was closely related to the number of the inoculated strain with a coefficient index （R2） up to 0.82 and 0.85 for ammonia

关键词： air-lift bioreactor (ALB) bioaugrnentation Corg/N ratio COD and ammonia removal sequencing batch mode heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T

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Stability analysis of a fractional-order cancer model with chaotic dynamics

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2021年第6期14卷 239-261页

作者： Parvaiz Ahmad Naik Jian Zu Mehraj-ud-din Naikt School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’anShaanxi 710049P.R.China Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Jazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia

In this paper,we develop a three-dimensional fractional-order cancer *** proposed model involves the interaction among tumor cells,healthy tissue cells and activated effector *** detailed analysis of the equilibrium points is ***,the existence and uniqueness of the solution are *** fractional derivative is considered in the Caputo *** simulations are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical *** outcome of the study reveals that the order of the fractional derivative has a significant effect on the dynamic ***,the calculated Lyapunov exponents give the existence of chaotic behavior of the proposed ***,it is observed from the obtained results that decrease in fractional-order p increases the chaotic behavior of the model.

关键词： Cancer model Caputo fractional derivative chaos stability analysis.

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Object Detection and Recognition Techniques for Indoor Scene Using Deep ConvNets

Object Detection and Recognition Techniques for Indoor Scene...

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作者： IMAD ud din 华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

Object detection is one of the most classical computer vision task that is used to detect objects from an *** and accurate object detection plays a vital role in the advancement of computer vision that makes it able to detect the objects in real time applications with more accuracy and less processing *** recent advancement in machine learning and deep learning techniques,the accuracy for object detection has significantly *** Convolutional Neural Network（CNN）based object detection techniques achieve much better accuracy than classical detection algorithms but it suffers from more training and testing time that limits the overall performance of system and make it impractical for real time *** order to deal with the aforementioned issues,we have proposed two techniques that not only increase the accuracy of system but also reduce the training and testing time which makes it practical for real time object detection ***,we have created two indoor datasets which have never been created by anyone before and then data augmentation is applied to one indoor dataset which increase the data size that results better accuracy and avoids the issue of ***,we do transfer learning in Faster R-CNN and SSD techniques from layer 7 by setting different learning rates and weights along with different mini batch size of 64,128 and so *** addition,we have used data reduction techniques to our proposed *** to this,our proposed methods take less training and testing time（with very slight reduction in accuracy）while consume less memory and power that makes it more efficient than existing Faster R-CNN and SSD *** results validates that our proposed methods achieve better accuracy and take less training and testing time than existing ***,it can be concluded that our proposed framework is applicable for real time indoor object detection.

关键词： Deep-ConvNets 室内场景目标检测特征识别

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An Intelligent Forwarding Strategy in SDN-Enabled Named-Data IoV

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 2949-2966页

作者： Asadullah Tariq Irfan ud din Rana Asif Rehman Byung-Seo Kim Department of Computer Science The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Chiniot-Faisalabad Campus35400Pakistan Department of Software and Communications Engineering Hongik UniversitySejong City30016Korea

Internet of Vehicles(IoV),a rapidly growing technology for efficient vehicular communication and it is shifting the trend of traditional Vehicular Ad Hoc Networking(VANET)towards *** centralized management of IoV endorses its uniqueness and suitability for the Intelligent Transportation System(ITS)safety *** Data Networking(NDN)is an emerging internet paradigm that fulfills most of the expectations of *** of the current IP internet architecture are the main motivation behind ***-Defined Networking(SDN)is another emerging networking paradigm of technology that is highly capable of efficient management of overall networks and transforming complex networking architectures into simple and manageable *** combination of the SDN controller,NDN,and IoV can be revolutionary in the overall performance of the *** storm,due to the broadcasting nature of NDN,is a critical issue in NDN based on *** speed and rapidly changing topology of vehicles in IoV creates disconnected link problem and add unnecessary transmission *** order to cop-up with the above-discussed problems,we proposed an efficient SDN-enabled forwarding mechanism in NDN-based IoV,which supports the mobility of the vehicle and explores the cellular network for the low latency control *** IoV environment,the concept of Edge Controller(EC)to maintain and manage the in-time and real-time vehicular topology is being introduced.A mathematical estimation model is also proposed in our work that assists the centralized EC and SDN to find not only the shortest and best path but also the most reliable and durable *** naming scheme and in-network caching property of the NDN nodes reduce the *** used ndnSIM and NS-3 for the simulation experiment along with SUMO for the environment *** results of NDSDoV illustrate significant performance in terms of availability with limited routing overhead,minimized delay,retransmissions,and in

关键词： Software-defined networking named-data networking internet of vehicles routing

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Suppression of inner energy dissipation in Yb-doped NaErF_(4)upconversion nanocrystals through an energy cycling strategy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第7期41卷 975-980,I0001页

作者： Yunfeng Bai Xiaoxi Liu Shaojian Zhang Haili Jiang Lu Liu Isam ud din Jianzhong Zhang Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Optoelectronic Devices and Intelligent Perception Systems School of Electronic Information and EngineeringYangtze Normal UniversityChongqing 408100China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

Suppression of the inner energy dissipation,related to the lattice phonons and inner defects,in lanthanide doped upco nversion luminescent materials remains a formidable ***,we reveal an energy cycling strategy capable of suppressing the inner energy dissipation in lanthanide doped upconversion ***^(3+)ions were introduced in Er^(3+)heavily doped nanocrystals as an energy reservoir to compete with the inner energy *** detailed energy cycling processes between Er^(3+)activator and Yb^(3+)reservoir,responsible for the enhancement of Er^(3+)upconversion intensity,are proposed and further verified on the basis of spectral *** energy cycling strategy,with unique merits like facile and cost-effective preparation as well as broad scope of application,is highly valuable in lanthanide luminescent nano materials.

关键词： Upconversion Er^(3+) 1530 nm excitation Inner energy dissipation Energy cycling Rare earths

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WordNet Based Multi Aspects Sentimental Summarization of Institution’s Reviews

WordNet Based Multi Aspects Sentimental Summarization of Ins...

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作者： NIZAM ud din 北京理工大学

学位级别：硕士

People always desire to find educational institutions that fulfill their ***’s very hard to know different features of institutions and especially from the perspective of students and their parents,who have real life experience with the *** Institutions have their websites and many other online sources like Wikipedia has *** media and blogs where people share their experiences about these *** it is still hard to get all the information at one *** that data is not from students and their parent’s perspective,so it can’t be 100 % valid or true about *** online different sources made it *** websites,educational online repositories and people generated content have enough data to find institutions and their characteristics.I propose a solution for educational institutions evaluation,in which Data（student’s reviews）will be collected from different *** Stanford dependency parser and defined rules,aspects and sentiments expressed for these aspects of the institutions will be extracted from collected reviews,and will be clustered using Word Net Synonyms for five seed words for each *** for TEACHING（lecturer,professor,stud,class,course）,Staff,Facilities,opportunities *** sentiments will be calculated for each aspects category using Afinn dictionary,sentiment analysis will be done,rating for each category will be calculated,and summarization will be performed using top 10 common most words for sentence creating using *** will also be drawn on graphs like ratings of all aspects categories via Bar chart,number and percentage of people mentioned each category will be drawn on Pie chart using *** will give evaluation of the institution,and will help to explain the institution in a short summary from different aspects a user always focus on.

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Energy Efficient and Intelligent Mosquito Repellent Fuzzy Control System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 699-715页

作者： Aaqib Inam Zhu Li Salah-ud-din Khokhar Zubia Zafar Muhammad Imran School of Software Institute of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering Qilu Institute of TechnologyJinan250200China Department of Medicine Islam Medical CollegeSialkotPakistan Department of Electronics G.C.UniversityLahorePunjab54000Pakistan

Mosquitoes are of great concern for occasionally carrying noxious diseases(dengue,malaria,zika,and yellow fever).To control mosquitoes,it is very crucial to effectively monitor their behavioral trends and *** mosquito repellent works by heating small pads soaked in repellant,which then diffuses a protected area around you,a great alternative to spraying yourself with *** they have limitations,including the range,turning them on manually,and then waiting for the protection to kick in when the mosquitoes may find *** research aims to design a fuzzy-based controller to solve the above issues by automatically determining a mosquito repellent’s speed and active *** speed and active time depend on the repellent cartridge and the number of *** Mamdani model is used in the proposed fuzzy system(FS).The FS consists of identifying unambiguous inputs,a fuzzification process,rule evaluation,and a defuzzification process to produce unambiguous *** input variables used are the repellent cartridge and the number of mosquitoes,and the speed of mosquito repellent is used as the output *** whole FS is designed and simulated using MATLAB Simulink *** proposed FS is executed and verified utilizing a microcontroller using its pulse width modulation *** simulations of the proposed model are performed in many nonlinear ***,a comparative analysis of the outcomes under similar conditions confirms the higher accuracy of the FS,yielding a maximum relative error of 10%.The experimental outcomes show that the root mean square error is reduced by 67.68%,and the mean absolute percentage error is reduced by 52.46%.Using a fuzzy-based mosquito repellent can help maintain the speed of mosquito repellent and control the energy used by the mosquito repellent.

关键词： Fuzzy logic mosquito repellent relative error root mean square error

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Bandgap engineering to tune the optical properties of Be_xMg_(1-x)X(X=S, Se, Te) alloys

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第1期27卷 415-423页

作者： B Sabir N A Noor M Rashid Fasih ud din Shahid M Ramay Asif Mahmood Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics Government College University Department of Physics School of Science University of Management and TechnologyLahore Pakistan Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Physics and Astronomy Department College of Science King Saud University Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering King Saud University

Structural, electronic, and optical properties of alloys BexMgl-xX （X = S, Se, Te） in the assortment 0 〈 x 〈 1 were theoretically reported for the first time in zinc-blende （ZB） phase. The calculations were carried out by using full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals （FP-LAPW＋lo） formalism contained by the framework of density functional theory （DFT）. Wu--Cohen （WC） generalized gradient approximation （GGA）, based on optimization energy, has been applied to calculate these theoretical results. In addition, we used Becke and Johnson （mBJ-GGA） potential, modified form of GGA functional, to calculate electronic structural properties up to a high precision degree. The alloys were composed with the concentrations x = 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 in pursuance of ＇special quasi-random structures＇（SQS） approach of Zunger for the restoration of disorder around the observed site of alloys in the first few shells. The structural parameters have been predicted by minimizing the total energy in correspondence of unit cell volume. Our alloys established direct band gap at different concentrations that make their importance in optically active materials. Furthermore, density of states was discussed in terms of the contribution of Be and Mg s and chalcogen （S, Se, and Te） s and p states and observed charge density helped us to investigate the bonding nature. By taking into consideration of immense importance in optoelectronics of these materials, the complex dielectric function was calculated for incident photon energy in the range 0--15 eV.

关键词： BexMgl-xX (X = S Se Te) alloys zinc-blende (ZB) phase density functional theory (DFT),electronic and optical properties

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Assessment of parameters effectiveness in the reserve estimation methods applicable to coal bed methane reservoirs

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Petroleum Research 2023年第1期8卷 44-53页

作者： Farzain ud din Kirmani Arshad Raza Muhammad Sarfraz Akram Raoof Gholami Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Department of Petroleum Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsSaudi Arabia Department of Energy Resources University of StavangerStavangerNorway

The reserve estimation of coal bed methane(CBM)reservoirs is ascertained through the analytical methods(volumetric method,material balance equation and decline curve analysis).However,the adoption of reserve estimation methods depends on exploration stage and availability of the required *** study deals with the analytical assessment of parameters that participate in effecting the reserve estimation of CBM reservoirs through the analytical *** accurate measurement challenges always exist for the parameters which participate in the reserve estimation of the conventional and unconventional reservoirs because of the inclusion of limitations while ***,the impact of that measurement challenge must be *** study specifies the impact of parametric change on the reserve estimation of CBM reservoirs so that the degree of parametric effectiveness is *** values are adopted which are associated during the evaluation of input parameters for each method to determine the overall impact on potential of CBM *** reveal that change in specific parameters considering each method provide relatively more effect on estimation of ***,the measurement of parameters must be done accurately for assessing reserves of CBM reservoirs based on available methods.

关键词： Reserve estimation Coal bed methane Parameters effectiveness Analytical methods Numerical simulation

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Flexible Global Aggregation and Dynamic Client Selection for Federated Learning in Internet of Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1739-1757页

作者： Tariq Qayyum Zouheir Trabelsi Asadullah Tariq Muhammad Ali Kadhim Hayawi Irfan ud din College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain17551UAE Department of Computing School of EECSNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityAbu Dhabi144534UAE Department of Computer Science The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

Federated Learning(FL)enables collaborative and privacy-preserving training of machine learning models within the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)*** FL effectively tackles privacy concerns,it also imposes significant resource *** traditional FL,trained models are transmitted to a central server for global aggregation,typically in the *** approach often leads to network congestion and bandwidth limitations when numerous devices communicate with the same *** need for Flexible Global Aggregation and Dynamic Client Selection in FL for the IoV arises from the inherent characteristics of IoV *** include diverse and distributed data sources,varying data quality,and limited communication *** employing dynamic client selection,we can prioritize relevant and high-quality data sources,enhancing model *** address this issue,we propose an FL framework that selects global aggregation nodes dynamically rather than a single fixed *** global aggregation ensures efficient utilization of limited network resources while accommodating the dynamic nature of IoV data *** approach optimizes both model performance and resource allocation,making FL in IoV more effective and *** selection of the global aggregation node is based on workload and communication speed ***,our framework overcomes the constraints associated with network,computational,and energy resources in the IoV environment by implementing a client selection algorithm that dynamically adjusts participants according to predefined *** approach surpasses Federated Averaging(FedAvg)and Hierarchical FL(HFL)regarding energy consumption,delay,and accuracy,yielding superior results.

关键词： IoT Federated Learning sensors IoV OMNeT++ edge computing

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