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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. this study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective lewis number.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid oscillating curved stretchable sheet gyrotactic microorganism Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux chemical reaction analytical solution O368

A cceleration of Ionospheric Out-Flowing Ions in the Substorm in Geo-magnetotail

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Chinese Physics letters 1999年第12期16卷 908-910页

作者： SHI Jian-kui lIU Zhen-Xing t.l.Zhang k.torkar Center for Space Science&Applied Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8010 GrazAustria

Using dynamics equation, acceleration of out-flowing ion during dipolarization in a substorm in the magneto-tail is simulated. the main results show that: (1) the ion distribution function that is initially exponentially decreasing with increasing speed is turned into a single peak distribution, and with time the peak moves towards higher speed. (2) the peak moves along V⊥ faster than that along V||, and the ion acceleration mainly occurs in the middle of the dipolarization. (3) the higher the initial energy, the faster the peak moves, and the more energy is obtained by the ions. the ion energy theoretically calculated is as high as about 102 keV, this is consistent with the observation.

关键词： storm faster acceleration

Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William J.Flerlage Mark l.Dell’Acqua Brian M.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

there is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AkAPs).

关键词： function supporting

Vickers and knoop Micro-hardness Behavior of Coarse-and Ultrafine-grained titanium

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2010年第10期26卷 904-907页

作者： k.P.Sanosh A.Balakrishnan l.Francis t.N.kim Department of Information and Electronic Materials Engineering College of EngineeringPaichai University laboratoire SIMAP GPM2 Grenoble-INPUJFCNRS 101 Rue de la PhysiqueBP46 38402 Saint Martin d'He' res CedexFrance University of Genova Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry

the present study focuses on the relationship of hardness with grain size for commercially pure titanium （Cpti） and ultra fine grained titanium （UFG-ti） produced by equal channel angular process （ECAP） of Cp-ti）.Vickers and knoop indentations of UFG-ti at different loads was ～2.5 times harder than those of *** diffraction （XRD） analysis showed peak broadening in UFG-ti due to reduced grain size and micro-lattice *** electron microscopy （SEM） revealed that ECAP had reduced the grain size of Cp-ti by ～10 *** statistics showed UFG-ti with lower dispersion in hardness values compare to Cp-ti indicating a more uniform microstructure.

关键词： Vickers knoop Hardness Ultrafine-grained titanium

transport of Nitrogen Assimilation in Xylem Vessels of Green tea Plants Fed with NH_4-N and NO_3-N

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Pedosphere 2008年第2期18卷 222-226页

作者： k. OH t. kAtO H. l. XU Center for Environmental Science in Saitama Saitama 347-0115 （Japan） Jinenjou-no-kai NPO Shizuoka 421-0302 （Japan） International Nature Farming Research Center 5632 Hata Nagano 390-1401 （Japan）

An experiment was carried out to study the transport process of nitrogen （N） assimilation from tea roots by monitoring the dynamic composition of N compounds in xylem sap after 15^N-NO3 and 15^N-NH4 were fed to the root of tea plants （Camellia sinensis l.）. Results showed that the main amino acids were glutamine, theanine, axginine, asparic acid and glutamic acid, which accounted for 49%, 17%, 8%, 7%, and 4%, respectively, of the total amino acids in the xylem sap. After the tea plants were fed with 15^N-NO3 and 15^N-NH4 for 48 h, the amount of total amino acids in xylem sap significantly increased and those fed with 15^N-NH4 had higher increment than those with 15^N-NOa. two hours after 15^N- NO3 and 15^N-NH4 were fed, 15N abundance in glutamine, asparagine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were detected and increased quickly over time. this indicated that it took less than 2 h for NO3-N and NH4-N to be absorbed by tea roots, incorporated into the above amino acids and transported to the xylem sap. Rapid increase in 15^N-NO3 in the xylem sap of tea plants fed with 15^N-NO3 indicated that nitrate could be directly transported to the xylem sap. Glutamine, theanine, and alanine were the main amino acids transported in xylem sap of tea plants fed with both 15^N-NO3 and 15^N-NH4.

关键词： amino acid 15^N nitrogen assimilation tea plant xylem sap

Pro-resolving lipid mediator reduces amyloid-β42–induced gene expression in human monocyte–derived microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 873-886页

作者： Ying Wang Xiang Zhang Henrik Biverstål Nicolas GBazan Shuai tan Nailin li Makiko Ohshima Marianne Schultzberg Xiaofei li Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences&SocietyDivision of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Neuroscience Center of Excellence Louisiana State UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Medicine SolnaClinical Pharmacology GroupKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β maresin microglia monocyte neuroinflammation resolution RNA-sequencing specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator

Continuity Adjustment for Control Charts for Attributes

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2003年第3期19卷 397-404页

作者： l.k.Chan t.k.Mak B.tao Department of Management Sciences City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongDepartment of Decision Sciences & M.I.S.Concordia University 1445 De Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontrealH3G 1M8 CanadaAcademy of Mathematics and System SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100081China

A unified approach is proposed for making a continuity adjustment on some control charts for attributes, e.g., np-chart and c-chart, through adding a uniform (0, 1) random observation to the conventional sample statistic (e.g., and c i ). the adjusted sample statistic then has a continuous distribution. Consequently, given any type I risk α (the probability that the sample statistic is on or beyond the control limits), control charts achieving the exact value of α can be readily constructed. Guidelines are given for when to use the continuity adjustment control chart, the conventional Shewhart control chart (with ±3 standard deviations control limits), and the control chart based on the exact distribution of the sample statistic before adjustment.

关键词： Control charts for attributes continuity adjustments np, p, and c control charts statistical process control

Phase transformation and thermal Stability of Aged ti-Ni-Hf High temperature Shape Memory Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2006年第5期22卷 691-695页

作者： Xianglong MENG Wei CAI k.t.lau l.M.Zhou liancheng ZHAO School of Materials science ＆ Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic umversity Hung Horn KowloonHong Kong China

the use of Ni-rich tiNiHf alloys as high temperature shape memory alloys （SMAs） through aging has been presented. For Ni-rich ti80-xNixHf20 alloys, their phase transformation temperatures are averagely increased more than 100 k by aging at 823 k for 2 h. Especially for the alloys with Ni-content of 50.4 at. pct and 50.6 at. pct, their martensitic transformation start temperatures （Ms） are more than 473 k after aging. tEM observation confirmed that some fine particles precipitate from the matrix during aging. the aged Ni-rich tiNiHf SMAs show the better thermal stability of phase transformation temperatures than the solutiontreated tiNiHf alloys. the fine particles precipitated during aging should be responsible for the increase of phase transformation temperatures and its high stability.

关键词： tiNiHf alloy High temperature shape memory alloy Aging Phase transformation