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Life Metabolism 2022年第1期1卷 10-24页

作者： john R.Speakman Joel k.Elmquist Shenzhen key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and ReproductionShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK State key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental biologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics KunmingChina Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology Center for Hypothalamic ResearchUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTXUSA

People completely lacking body fat(lipodystrophy/lipoatrophy)and those with severe obesity both show profound metabolic and other health *** levels of body fat somewhere between these limits would,therefore,appear to be *** different models might be *** traditional is a set point(SP)where the levels are regulated around a fixed ***,dual-intervention point(DIP)is a system that tolerates fairly wide variation but is activated when critically high or low levels are *** DIP system seems to fit our experience much better than an SP,and models suggest that it is more likely to have evolved.A DIP system may have evolved because of two contrasting selection *** the lower end,we may have been selected to avoid low levels of fat as a buffer against starvation,to avoid disease-induced anorexia,and to support *** the upper end,we may have been selected to avoid excess storage because of the elevated risks of *** upper limit of control seems to have malfunctioned because some of us deposit large fat stores,with important negative health *** has evolution not protected us against this problem?One possibility is that the protective system slowly fell apart due to random mutations after we dramatically reduced the risk of being predated during our evolutionary *** chance,it fell apart more in some people than others,and these people are now unable to effectively manage their weight in the face of the modern food *** understand the evolutionary context of obesity,it is important to separate the adaptive reason for storing some fat(*** lower intervention point),from the nonadaptive reason for storing lots of fat(a broken upper intervention point).The DIP model has several consequences,showing how we understand the obesity problem and what happens when we attempt to treat it.

关键词： obesity BMI body fat adiposity evolution selection adaptive leptin resistance metabolic programming dual-intervention point model set-point model

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Extra-hepatic manifestations associated with hepatitis E virus infection:a comprehensive review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 1-15,I0001页

作者： Fateh Bazerbachi Samir Haffar Sushil k Garg john R Lake Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of DamascusDamascusSyrian Arab Republic

Background and aims:Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is a significant public health problem that afflicts almost 20 million individuals annually and causes acute liver injury in 3.5 million,with approximately 56000 *** with other viral hepatitides,extra-hepatic manifestations could represent an important aspect of this *** spectrum of these manifestations is still *** pancreatitis and neurological,musculoskeletal,hematological,renal,and other immune-mediated manifestations have been *** aim of this article is to comprehensively review the published literature of extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HEV *** sources:We searched the PubMed database using the MeSH term“hepatitis E”and each of the extra-hepaticmanifestations associated with HEV *** language or date restrictions were set in these *** retrieving articles with non-A,non-B hepatitis were *** articles were identified through the reference lists of included ***:Several extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HEV infection have been *** temporal association between some extra-hepatic manifestations and HEV infection and the exclusion of other possible etiologies suggests that HEV infection could have caused some of *** to the available data,HEV infection appears to be strongly associated with acute pancreatitis,neurological disorders(with primarily dominant peripheral nerve involvement,most commonly manifested as Guillain-Barre´syndrome,followed by neuralgic amyotrophy),hematological diseases(hemolytic anemia due to glucose phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,and severe thrombocytopenia),glomerulonephritis,and mixed *** data are needed to clarify whether an association exists with musculoskeletal or other immunemediated ***:HEV infection should be considered in patients with acute pancreatitis,Guillain-Barre´syndrome,neuralgic amyotrophy,hem

关键词： hepatitis E virus viral hepatitis extra-hepatic manifestations vaccine primary prevention

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Mapping the habitat suitability of Ottelia species in Africa

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Plant Diversity 2022年第5期44卷 468-480页

作者： Boniface k.Ngarega john M.Nzei Josphat k.Saina Marwa Waseem A.Halmy Jin-Ming Chen Zhi-Zhong Li key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430074China Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglun666303China Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21511Egypt

Understanding the influence of environmental covariates on plant distribution is critical,especially for aquatic plant *** change is likely to alter the distribution of aquatic ***,knowledge of this change on the burden of aquatic macroorganisms is often fraught with ***,a model genus for studying the evolution of the aquatic family Hydrocharitaceae,is mainly distributed in slow-flowing creeks,rivers,or lakes throughout pantropical regions in the *** to recent rapid climate changes,natural Ottelia populations have declined *** modeling the effects of climate change on the distribution of Ottelia species and assessing the degree of niche similarity,we sought to identify high suitability regions and help formulate conservation *** models use known background points to determine how environmental covariates vary spatially and produce continental maps of the distribution of the Ottelia species in ***,we estimated the possible influences of the optimistic and extreme pessimistic representative concentration pathways scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for the *** results show that the distinct distribution patterns of studied Ottelia species were influenced by topography(elevation)and climate(e.g.,mean temperature of driest quarter,annual precipitation,and precipitation of the driest month).While there is a lack of accord in defining the limiting factors for the distribution of Ottelia species,it is clear that water-temperature conditions have promising effects when kept within optimal *** also note that climate change will impact Ottelia by accelerating fragmentation and habitat *** assessment of niche overlap revealed that Ottelia cylindrica and *** had slightly more similar niches than the other Ottelia *** present findings identify the need to enhance conservation efforts to safeguard natural Ottelia populations and provide a theoretical basis for the distr

关键词： African freshwater bodies Climate change Ecological niche modeling Habitat suitability Niche overlap

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Optical monitoring of particle aggregates

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第1期21卷 2-7页

作者： john Gregory Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College London

Methods for monitoring particle aggregation are briefly reviewed. Most of the techniques are based on some form of light scattering and may be greatly dependent on the optical properties of aggregates, which are not generally known. As fractal aggregates grow larger their density can become very low and this has important practical consequences for light scattering. For instance, the scattering coefficient may be much less than for solid objects, which means that the aggregates can appear much smaller than their actual size by a light transmission method. Also, for low-density objects, a high proportion of the scattered light energy is within a small angle of the incident beam, which may also be relevant for measurements with aggregates. Using the ＂turbidity fluctuation＂ technique as an example, it is shown how the apparent size of hydroxide flocs depends mainly on the included impurity particles, rather than the hydroxide precipitate itself. Results using clay suspensions with hydrolyzing coagulants and polymeric floceulants under different string conditions are discussed.

关键词： monitoring method flocculation turbidity fluctuation

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SERVICE VALUE NETWORkS:INTO PRACTICE

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第4期16卷 414-423页

作者： john HAMILTON Director of E-Business James Cook UniversityCairns4870Australia

Modeling a business to match its customer perceived （and customer desired） outcomes, remains an on-going task. This paper considers shows how a service value networks （SVNs） approach may be engaged to model, and deliver, understanding of the front-end business and its direct engagement with its immediate （or front-end） customers. These front-end customers may be either：（1） its off-line, in-store customers - engaging directly with the business sales staff （or representative）, or-（2） its on-line, virtual customers - engaging with the business via internet or remote access. In this situation, both the business, and the customer draw upon their respective viewpoints, and both sides influence the interaction. External to these business and customer influences are additional factors that capture the immediate and broader global effects - termed environmental effects. These three business-customer engagement areas of influence are captured by a SVN SEM approach. Without a business-customer encounter of some kind the likelihood of a services business, and a prospecting customer, successfully engaging in an exchange process is reduced. This exchange may be a physical, and/or services exchange, and/or an information and/or ideas exchange. To the business, this encounter is, in effect, a trade, and as a result, the business targets acquiring an economic exchange that will ultimately deliver a net positive economic outcome. To the customer, external and internal information feeds, servicing, perceived value, and satisfaction, are key encounter drivers. SVNs offers a new way to understand the business-customer encounter, and to then utilize this acquired knowledge to either：（1） build a strategic management model, or （2） reengineer its business networks, and to then create a re-positioned, more customer-aligned business operation - one that is capable of delivering win - win, competitive business-customer solutions.

关键词： Service value networks alignment structural equation modeling

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Wavelet packet-based identification of complex oscillation in biological signals

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仪器仪表学报 2008年第2期29卷 225-232页

作者： Zhang Shuqing Sarah k. Spurgeon Zhang Liguo Jin Mei john A. Twiddle Femando S. Schlindwein College of Electric Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China Department of Engineering University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK

Owing to the intrinsic nonlinearities of the system,a contracting mechanism,such as myogenic response,may induce different oscillatory *** specialists discussed the relations of oscillatory patterns with intrinsic control system or some pathological condition,but there is no single,well-defined criterion to achieve the identification of regular,stochastic,and chaotic *** this paper,we focus on the Mallat algorithm of wavelet packet and use it in the identification of the regular periodic,stochastic,and chaotic *** to the specific frequency configuration of the chaos activity,we select proper layers of decomposition of wavelet packet and did fine segments to the frequency of *** frequency band of energy convergence could be *** signal of periodic,stochastic,and chaotic could be distinguished depending on *** experiment is given to show its *** on 12 babies' lung data have been *** identification by means of wavelet packet could support the cardiologist or cerebral specialist to do more observation and deeper analysis to physic signals.

关键词：复振荡生物信号鉴别模式不规则波动微波

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pH modeling for maximum dissolved organic matter removal by enhanced coagulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 276-283页

作者： Jiankun Xie Dongsheng Wang john van Leeuwen Yanmei Zhao Linan Xing Christopher W. k. Chow State key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China SA Water Centre for Water Management and Reuse NBE Universit of South Australia Australia Australian Water Quality Centre SA Water 250 Victoria Square Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

Correlations between raw water characteristics and pH after enhanced coagulation to maximize dissolved organic matter（DOM） removal using four typical coagulants（FeCl3,Al2（SO4）3,polyaluminum chloride（PACl） and high performance polyaluminum chloride（HPAC）） without pH control were *** correlations were analyzed on the basis of the raw water quality and the chemical and physical fractionations of DOM of thirteen Chinese source waters over three *** was found that the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants was in？uenced by the content of removable DOM（*** and higher apparent molecular weight（AMW） DOM）,the alkalinity and the initial pH of raw water.A set of feed-forward semi-empirical models relating the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants with the raw water characteristics were developed and optimized based on correlation *** established models were preliminarily validated for prediction purposes,and it was found that the deviation between the predicted data and actual data was *** result demonstrated the potential for the application of these models in practical operation of drinking water treatment plants.

关键词： enhanced coagulation modeling DOM fractionation pH control

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An Updated Review on Low-Temperature Nanocomposites with a Special Focus on Thermal Management in Buildings

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Energy Engineering 2022年第4期119卷 1299-1325页

作者： john Paul k.kadirgama M.Samykano R.Saidur A.k.Pandey R.V.Mohan Faculty of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PahangPekan26600Malaysia College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia PahangPekan26600Malaysia Research Centre for Nanomaterials and Energy Technology School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversityPetaling Jaya47500Malaysia Joint School of Nanoscience&Nanoengineering North Carolina A&T State UniversityNorth CarolinaGreensboro27401USA

Buildings contribute to 33%of total global energy consumption,which corresponds to 38%of greenhouse gas *** building’s energy efficiency remains predominant in mitigating global ***-ments in thermal energy storage(TES)techniques using phase change material(PCM)have gained much attention among researchers,primarily to minimize energy consumption and to promote the use of renewable energy *** technology stays as the most promising technology for developing high-performance and energy-efficient *** major drawback of PCM is its poor thermal conductivity which limits its potential use which could be resolved by dispersing conductive *** acquired database on synthesis routes,properties,and performance of nano-dispersed phase change materials(NDPCMs)with various techniques presented in the paper should deliver useful information in the production of NDPCMs with desirable characteristics mainly for building construction *** outline of contemporary developments and use of NDPCMs as TES medium is ***,a brief discussion on challenges and the outlook was also ***-depth research is needed to explore the fundamental mechanisms behind the enhanced thermal conductivity of NDPCM with nanofillers dispersion and also a thorough investigation on how these mechanisms drive improvement in building performance.

关键词： Thermal conductivity latent heat building applications energy savings

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Phylogeography of Haplocarpha rueppelii(Asteraceae) suggests a potential geographic barrier for plant dispersal and gene flow in East Africa

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Science Bulletin 2015年第13期60卷 1184-1192页

作者： Ling-Yun Chen john k.Muchuku Xue Yan Guang-Wan Hu Qing-Feng Wang Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

East Africa is a biodiversity hotspot. Haplocarpha rueppelii （***.） Beauverd is mainly distributed in the alpine grassland of East Africa. Here we sampled 65 individuals of eight populations/locations of H. rueppelii including hairy and glabrous forms from Mts. Elgon, Aberdare, kenya, kilimanjaro and Bale Mountains. We then sequenced one nuclear and three chloroplast DNA fragments and conducted phylogeographic analyses to test the taxonomic rank of the two forms and causes for the differentiation （intrinsic reproductive isolation and geographic barrier）. The results demonstrate that the species consists of two major groups, one includes the populations from Mts. Elgon, Aberdare and Bale, while the other includes Mts. kenya and kilimanjaro. The species has established in Mts. kenya and Aberdare during the Pleistocene. However, migration rate for individuals between the two mountains was low as showed by gene flow analysis. A barrier for plant dispersal and gene flow would have existed between Mts. Aberdare and kenya since at least Pleistocene. No change of the taxonomic concept of this species is needed. This study reveals a potential geographic barrier in East Africa. We hope it will arouse more scientists＇ interests in phylogeography and biodiversity of East Africa.

关键词： East Africa . Afro-alpine . Gene flow .Phylogeography . Taxonomy . Haplocarpha rueppelii

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Extractable and kerogen-bound hopanoids from typical Eocene oil shales in China

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 171-179页

作者： Changbo Zhai Zhirong Zhang john k.Volkman Hong Lu Yan'e Chen SINOPEC key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms Wuxi Institute of Petroleum GeologySINOPEC2060 Lihu RoadWuxiJiangsu213126China SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute 31 Xueyuan RoadBeijing100083China State key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of ScienceGuangzhou510640GuangdongChina

This study conducted a comparative analysis of extractable hopanoid hydrocarbons and those released via stepwise pyrolysis of typical Eocene immature oil shales in China,namely the Huadian,Maoming,and Fushun *** the Huadian and Maoming shales exhibit immature indicators in extractable and kerogen-bound hopanoids(notably,high abundance of C_(29)to C_(32)17β,21β-hopanes and unsaturated hopenes).In contrast,the Fushun oil shale's hopanoids from extracts and pyrolyzates suggest a higher maturity *** absence of neohopenes in the pyrolyzates of the shales underpins that the kerogenbound hopanoid skeletons resist ***,the Huadian oil shale's asymmetric distribution of C_(29)and C_(30)hopenes and neohopenes hints at the presence of an additional *** unsaturated hopenes,such as hop-20(21)-enes,identified in pyrolyzates of the three kerogens at various pyrolysis temperatures,reveal the occurrence of double bonds in kerogen-bound hopanoid skeletons without methyl *** absence of hop-20-(21)-ene in extracts suggests that it might act as an intermediate of these novel hopenes during the epimerization of hopanoid skeletons within *** extractable and pyrolytic hopanoids'stereochemical alignment indicates that epimerization may occur in both ring systems and alkyl side chains of kerogen-bound hopanoid *** stepwise pyrolysis proves to be a quick screening method for geological hopanoids without causing any significant alteration to the original skeletons even when cracking multiple covalent bonds is necessary.

关键词： Hopanoid Hopane Hopene Neohopene Stepwise pyrolysis kerogen Eocene oil shale

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