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Underdiagnosed Distal Colonic Volvuli on MDCT Imaging

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Surgical Science 2014年第3期5卷 105-116页

作者： Mitesh kumar Siddharth Saravanan vijayakumar Bhawna Dev Dept of radiology Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Hospital Chennai India

Volvuli affecting the distal colon, specifically the splenic flexure onwards is underdiagnosed pathologies with non-specific clinical features. Delay in diagnosing these pathologies can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in terms of ischemia and perforation of bowel. Multi detector computed tomography (MDCT) with intravenous contrast is an accurate and reliable imaging modality allowing prompt diagnosis and management. We present an overview of the radiological features found in acute presentations of different types of colonic volvuli.

关键词： Splenic Flexure Volvulus Ileosigmoid knot Sigmoid Colon Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Administration of grape seed extract alleviates age-associated decline in ubiquitin-proteasome system and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2013年第2期3卷 253-263页

作者： Arun kumar vijayakumar Vasanthan kuppuswamy Panneerselvam Chinnakkannu ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Taramani Campus University of Madras Chennai India Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine Gazes Cardiac Research Institute Charleston USA

Effective clearance of oxidized, damaged, and/or misfolded proteins in the cell by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is critical for cell homeostasis, survival and function. We hypothesized that in the aging heart, generation of free radicals could impair UPS where the associated build-up of polyubiquitinated proteins could trigger programmed cell death. To test this, we used young (4 months old) and aged (24 months old) rats to analyze polyubiquitinated proteins, proteasome activity and programmed cell death in the ventricular tissue samples. Our studies reveal excessive deposition of polyubiquitinated proteins in the ventricular tissue extracts of old rats when compared to younger rats. The increased ubiquitination was accompanied by a significant decrease in 20S proteasome activity. Since the loss of proteasome-mediated clearance of ubiquitinated proteins is linked to programmed cell death, we measured TUNEL activity in aged rat heart and compared with younger animals. Aged animal hearts showed a substantial increase in programmed cell death as evidenced by TUNEL positive nuclei and DNA fragmentation. Analyses of cell death/survival pathways support our findings in terms of age-associated increase in the nuclear localization of p53, Bax/Bcl2 ratio and cleaved (active) caspase-3 and decreased expression of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP1). Administration of grape seed extract (GSE) as a source of antioxidants significantly reduced these age-associated deleterious changes suggesting that free radicals primarily contribute to impaired UPS function and increased programmed cell death and that administration of antioxidants during aging could protect cardiac muscle cells and preserve ventricular function.

关键词： Aging Proteasome Dysfunction Cardiac Muscle Cell Death

Prevalance and pathology of gastric tumours in Indian oil sardine(Sardinella longiceps)from Parangipettai coastal waters,southeast coast of India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第8期 592-595页

作者： Vijayapoopathi Singaravel Ayyaru Gopalakrishnan ramalingam vijayakumar kuzhanthaivel raja Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To carry out the survey of prevalence of gastric tumour in Sardinella longiceps of Parangipettai coastal waters,south east coast of India for a period of one ***:Fish samples were directly collected from fishermen and also from auction *** prevalence of gastric tumour,gross pathology,radiography,histopathology,morphometric and meristic characters were ***:A total of 31 stomach tumour infected individuals were collected during the study *** gross morphology showed distended abdomen and the radiograph exhibited enlargement of *** of the infected fish exhibited reddish multilobed tumourous growth on the ***,the tumour lesions were characterized by the differential rate of glandular epitheloid and mesenchymal cells,polymorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei and mitotic *** evidence of local invasion and distinct metastases were observed in these ***:The tumours were diagnosed as gastric adenoma,myofibroblastoma,lipoma and *** them myofibroblastoma is highly prevalent.

关键词： Indian oil sardine Gastric tumours radiography Histopathology

Mechanistic insights on immunosenescence and chronic immune activation in HIV-tuberculosis co-infection

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World Journal of Virology 2015年第1期4卷 17-24页

作者： Esaki M Shank.r.vijayakumar Velu Adeeba kamarulzaman Marie Larsson Tropical Infectious Disease research and Education Center Department of Medical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Microbiology and Immunology Emory Vaccine CenterYerkes National Primate Research Center Center of Excellence for research in AIDS University of Malaya Division of Molecular Virology Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineLink?ping University

Immunosenescence is marked by accelerated degradation of host immune responses leading to the onset of opportunistic infections, where senescent T cells show remarkably higher ontogenic defects as compared to healthy T cells. The mechanistic association between T-cell immunosenescence and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) disease progression, and functional T-cell responses in HIV-tuberculosis(HIV-TB) co-infection remains to be elaborately discussed. Here, we discussed the association of immunosenescence and chronic immune activation in HIV-TB co-infection and reviewed the role played by mediators of immune deterioration in HIV-TB coinfection necessitating the importance of designing therapeutic strategies against HIV disease progression and pathogenesis.

关键词： Cluster of differentiation 38 Human immunodeficiency virus-tuberculosis co-infection Immunosenescence

Four types of neoplasms in Asian sea bass(Lates calcarifer)

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第6期 438-440页

作者： ramalingam vijayakumar kuzhanthaivel raja Vijayapoopathi Singaravel Ayyaru Gopalakrishnan Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine ScienceAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To describe and observe four types of neoplasms on different parts(external and internal organs)of an Asian sea bass(Lates calcarifer).Methods:The sample was collected from local fish landing center(south east coast of India).Histopathology of normal and tumour tissues were ***:A total of 83 tumour masses(neoplasm)were recorded on the fish skin,also the neoplasms were recorded in internal organs of fish such as liver,stomach and ***:Aetiology of such neoplasm’s are unknown,further more researches need to confirm the causative agent for this type of neoplasm.

关键词： Neoplasm Lates calcarifer Skin Liver Stomach Ovary

Optical, Structural and Morphological Properties of Photocatalytic ZnO Thin Films Deposited by Pray Pyrolysis Technique

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Modern research in Catalysis 2016年第4期5卷 130-146页

作者： Durgam komaraiah Eppa radha Y. vijayakumar J. Sivakumar M. V. ramana reddy r. Sayanna Department of Physics University College of Science Osmania University Hyderabad India

Photocatalytic ZnO thin films have been deposited onto glass substrate by spray pyrolysis technique. The sprayed solution consists of 0.1 M of zinc acetate dihydrate dissolved in double distilled water and sprays onto ultrasonically cleaned glass substrates maintained at 350°C, through an air-atomizing nozzle. The X-ray diffraction (XrD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX and UV-VIS spectrophotometer were applied to describe the structural, morphological, compositional and optical properties of ZnO catalyst. XrD analysis confirms that the films were found to be single phase hexagonal wurtzite structure. The SEM micrograph of the films is shown highly uniform, crack free and found to be fiber like structures. The optical transmittance spectra of the ZnO thin films were found to be transparent to visible light and the average optical transmittance was greater than 85%. The direct optical band gap energy values of the films shift towards the lower energy as a consequence of the thermal annealing. The Urbach energy of the films was found to increase with annealing temperature. The refractive index of the films was calculated and the refractive index dispersion curve of the films obeys the single oscillator model. The values of oscillatory energy Eo, dispersion energy Ed, and static dielectric constant εs for the ZnO thin films were determined. The films were evaluated for their ability to degrade methylene blue. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model was used to interpret quantitatively the observed kinetic experimental result. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO thin films was enhanced by annealing temperature.

关键词： ZnO Thin Film Spray Pyrolysis Optical Band Gap refractive Index Photo Catalysis

Challenges in animal modelling of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第16期21卷 4779-4787页

作者： raghavan Chinnadurai Spencer Ng vijayakumar Velu Jacques Galipeau Department of Hematology and Oncology Winship Cancer InstituteEmory University Emory Vaccine Center Yerkes National Primate Research CenterEmory University Department of Pediatrics Emory University

Utilization of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) for the treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is of translational *** of MSC therapy has been well demonstrated in early phase clinical trials but efficacy in randomized clinical trials needs to be *** MSC mechanisms of action to reduce gut injury and inflammation is necessary to improve current ongoing and future clinical ***, two major hurdles impede the direct translation of data derived from animal experiments to the clinical situation:(1) limitations of the currently available animal models of colitis that reflect human inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).The etiology and progression of human IBD are multifactorial and hence a challenge to mimic in animal models; and(2) Species specific differences in the functionality of MSCs derived from mice versus *** derived from mice and humans are not identical in their mechanisms of action in suppressing ***, preclinical animal studies with murine derived MSCs cannot be considered as an exact replica of human MSC based clinical *** the present review, we discuss the therapeutic properties of MSCs in preclinical and clinical studies of *** also discuss the challenges and approaches of using appropriate animal models of colitis, not only to study putative MSC therapeutic efficacy and their mechanisms of action, but also the suitability of translating findings derived from such studies to the clinic.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Inflammatorybowel disease colitis Animal model Crohn's disaese

Isolation and identification of marine fish tumour(odontoma)associated bacteria

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第9期 682-685页

作者： ramalingam vijayakumar kuzhanthaivel raja Vijayapoopathi Singaravel Ayyaru Gopalakrishnan Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettaiTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To identify fish tumour associated ***:The marine fish Sphyraena jello with odontoma was collected from in Tamil Nadu(Southeast India),and tumour associated bacteria were *** the isolated bacteria were identified based on molecular ***:A total of 4 different bacterial species were isolated from tumour *** bacterial species were Bacillus sp.,Pontibacter sp.,Burkholderia *** Macrococcus sp.,and the sequences were submitted in DNA Data Bank of Japan with accession numbers of AB859240,AB859241,AB859242 and AB859243 ***:Four different bacterial species were isolated from Sphyraena jello,but the role of bacteria within tumour needs to be further investigated.

关键词： Sphyraena jello Odontoma Bacillus sp Pontibacter sp Burkholderia sp Macrococcus sp

Microstructure, Dislocation Density and Thermal Expansion Behavior Using Thermo Elastic Models of Zircon Sand reinforced as Cast ZA-27 Composites

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2021年第1期9卷 100-115页

作者： G. r. Gurunagendra V. Bharat B. r. raju D. G. Amith vijayakumar Pujar C. ravi keerthi Global Academy of Technology Bangalore India The Oxford College of Engineering Bangalore India

In the present work stir casting route is used to fabricate the ZA27 Metal matrix composites containing 3 wt%, 6 wt%, 9 wt%, and 12 wt%. Zircon sand particulates of size 100 mesh. Microstructure studies using Optical Microscopy, SEM-EDAX are carried out to ascertain the distribution and morphology of particulates in the composites. Effect of zircon sand as reinforcement on bulk density, porosity, of the fabricated composites is studied. SEM studies are carried out to understand the behavior of as-cast ZA27 alloy reinforced with zircon sand. The dislocation density of the fabricated composite affects the strength of the composites and depends on the strain due to thermal mismatch and is found to increase with increase in weight% of zircon sand. However, it does not consider casting defects of voids/clustering observed in micrographs of the fabricated composite. Porosity in composites does not have influence on Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the ZA27 composites studied using thermoelastic models like kerner and turner model and rule of mixtures of composite.

关键词： Density Porosity Dislocation Density Thermoelastic Models rule of Mixtures