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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2011年第S1期18卷 846-850页

作者： C.r. killmore k.r. carpenter H.r. kaul D.G. Edelman J.M. Cairney S.P. ringer J.G. Williams P.C. Campbell W.N. Blejde BlueScope Steel Five Islands Road Pt Kembla 2500 Australia Nucor Steel Indiana 4537 S. Nucor rd. Crawfordsville IN 47933 USA Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Castrip LLC1915 rexford rd. Charlotte NC 28211 USA

The CASTrIP* process produces a range of high strength Ultra-thin Cast Strip (UCS) products (380-550 MPa) in thicknesses between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm, which is very challenging to produce via conventional hot and cold rolled processing routes. The twin roll CASTrIP process fully exploits the hardenability and strengthening potential of Nb in a low C-Mn-Nb-V microalloyed steel type. Significant microstructural strengthening from solute Nb was obtained, even at low microalloying levels, as well as modest Mn additions, through enhancing the hardenability and further strengthening was obtained in coated products by exploiting age hardening during processing on a continuous hot dip galvanising line. Atom probe tomography and TEM determined that Nb was retained in solid solution and subsequent age hardening resulted from the formation of Nb and V rich nanosized particles. Age hardening was achieved without loss of ductility producing galvanised strip with an excellent strength-ductility combination (Y.S. >600 MPa, T.E. >10%).

关键词： strip casting microalloying niobium ntom probe tomography age hardening high strength CASTrIP Process

Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： renee J Dufault katherine M Adler David O carpenter Steven G Gilbert raquel A Crider College of Graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health Sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of Statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACk.r.UND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction was determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There was a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,SD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,SD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

CHECkING CONSISTENCY IN INFOrMATION MODELS BY USING CONSTrAINT PrOGrAMMING

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2005年第1期22卷 30-37页

作者：方捷 kAHN Hilary J carpenter Andy 曼彻斯特大学计算机学院曼彻斯特M139PL英国

This paper addresses the issue of checking consistency in information models. A method based on constraint programming is proposed for identifying inconsistency or proving consistency in information models. The system described here checks information models written in the ISO standard information modelling language EXPrESS. EXPrESS is part of the ISO STEP standard used in the manufacturing and process industries. This paper describes the checking procedure, including EXPrESS model formalization, constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) derivation from the formalized model and satisfaction checking of the derived CSPs. This paper shows a new domain in which constraint programming can be exploited as model verification and validation.

关键词： EXPrESS model constraint programming model verification

An uneasy alliance:a nesting association between aggressive ants and equally fierce social wasps

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 122-132页

作者： Pablo Servigne Jerome Orivel Frederic Azemar James carpenter Alain Dejean Bruno Corbara Ecologie Sociale CP 231 Universite Libre de Bruxelles(ULB)Campus PlaineBoulevard du TriompheBrusselsBelgium CNrS UMR EcoFoGAgroParisTechCiradINRAUniversite des AntillesUniversite de GuyaneKourouFrance EcoLabf CNrS INPTUPSUniversite de ToulouseToulouseFrance Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNew YorkUSA CNrS LMGEUniversite Clermont AuvergneClermont-FerrandFrance

Although the Neotropical territorially dominant arboreal ant Azteca chartifex Forel is very aggressive towards any intruder,its populous colonies tolerate the close presence of the fierce polistine wasp Polybia rejecta(F.).In French Guiana,83.33%of the 48 *** nests recorded were found side by side with those of *** nesting association results in mutual protection from predators(i.e.,the wasps protected from army ants;the ants protected from birds).We conducted field studies,laboratorybased behavioral experiments and chemical analyses to elucidate the mechanisms allowing the persistence of this *** to differences in the cuticular profiles of the two species,we eliminated the possibility of chemical ***,analyses of the carton nests did not reveal traces of marking on the *** ant forager flows were not perturbed by extracts from the wasps’Dufour’s and venom glands,we rejected any hypothetical action of repulsive ***,we noted that the wasps"scraped"the surface of the upper part of their nest envelope using their mandibles,likely removing the ants'scent trails,and an experiment showed that ant foragers were perturbed by the removal of their scent *** leads us to use the term"erasure hypothesis."Thus,this nesting association persists thanks to a relative tolerance by the ants towards wasp presence and the behavior of the wasps that allows them to"contain"their associated ants through the elimination of their scent trails,direct attacks,"wing-buzzing"behavior and ejecting the ants.

关键词： Azteca chartifex ants interspecific association mutualism Polybia rejecta wasps scent trail erasure

Geophysical Surveys over k.r.t recharge Features,Illinois,USA

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第3期75卷 249-253页

作者： Philip J.carpenter Shawkat AHMED Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences 312 Davis Hall Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USADepartment of Geology and Environmental Geosciences 312 Davis Hall Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA

k.r.t aquifers supply a significant fraction of the world's drinking water. These types of aquifers are alsohighly susceptible to pollution from the surface with recharge usually occurring through fractures and solution openings at the bedrock surface. Thickness of the protective soil cover, macropores and openings within the soil cover, and the nature of the weathered bedrock surface all influence infiltration. recharge openings at the bedrock surface, however, are often covered by unconsolidated sediments, resulting in the inadvertent placement of landfills, unregulated dump sites, tailing piles, waste lagoons and septic systems over recharge zones. In these settings surface geophysical surveys, calibrated by a few soil cores, could be employed to identify these recharge openings, and qualitatively assess the protection afforded by the soil cover. In a test of this hypothesis, geophysical measurements accurately predicted the thickness of unconsolidated deposits overlying k.r.tic dolomite at a site about 100 km south of Chicago, Illinois. Zones of elevated electrical conductivity and high ground-penetrating radar (GPr) attenuation within the sediments coincided with subcropping solutionally-enlarged hydraulically active bedrock fractures. These fractures extend to over 12-m depth, as shown by 2-D inverted resistivity sections and soil coring. Anomalous electromagnetic (EM) conductivity and GPr response may be due to higher soil moisture above these enlarged fractures. An epik.r.tal conduit at 2.5-m depth was directly identified through a GPr survey. These results suggest that surface geophysical surveys are a viable tool for assessing the susceptibility of shallow k.r.t aquifers to contamination.

关键词： k.r.t geophysics epik.r.t soil pipes recharge infiltration sinkholes

Maintaining nano-lamellar microstructure in friction stir welding (FSW) of accumulative roll bonded (ArB) Cu-Nb nano-lamellar composites (NLC)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 92-101页

作者： Judy Schneider Josef Cobb John S.carpenter Nathan A.Mara Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama in Huntsville Department of Mechanical Engineering Mississippi State University Materials Science and Technologies Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies and the Institute for Materials ScienceLos Alamos National Laboratory

Accumulative roll bonded （ArB） Copper Niobium （Cu-Nb） nano-lamellar composite （NLC） panels were friction stir welded （FSWed） to evaluate the ability to join panels while retaining the nano-lamellar structure. During a single pass of the friction stir welding （FSW） process, the nano-lamellar structure of the parent material （PM） was retained but was observed to fragment into equiaxed grains during the second pass. FSW has been modeled as a severe deformation process in which the material is subjected to an instantaneous high shear strain rate followed by extreme shear strains. The loss of the nano-lamellar layers was attributed to the increased strain and longer time at temperature resulting from the second pass of the FSW process. kinematic modeling was used to predict the global average shear strain and shear strain rates experienced by the ArB material during the FSW process. The results of this study indicate that through careful selection of FSW parameters, the nano-lamellar structure and its associated higher strength can be maintained using FSW to join ArB NLC panels.

关键词： Nano-lamellar materials Accumulative roll bonded Cu-Nb FSW Solid state joining

Interventions for self-management of type 2 diabetes:An integrative review

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2019年第1期6卷 70-91页

作者： roger carpenter Toni DiChiacchio kendra Barker West Virginia University School of Nursing MorgantownWV26506USA Faculty Practice&Community Engagement West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA

Back.r.und:Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been identified as one of the most challenging chronic illnesses to *** the management of diabetes is mainly accomplished by patients and families,selfmanagement has become the mainstay of diabetes ***,a significant proportion of patients fail to engage in adequate self-management.A priority research question is how do interventions affect the self-management behaviors of persons with Type 2 diabetes?Purpose/Objectives:The purpose of this integrative review is to provide a summary and critique of interventions that support diabetes self-management in the patient with TypeⅡdiabetes ***:An integrative review design,with a comprehensive methodological approach of reviews,allowing inclusion of experimental and non-experimental ***:A comprehensive search was conducted via Ebscohost using databases of Academic Search Complete,CINAHL,Health Source:Nursing/Academic Edition,MEDLINE,PsycArtiCLES,and *** final number of papers used for this review were:motivational interviewing(6),peer support/coaching(10),problem solving therapy(3),technology-based interventions(30),lifestyle modification programs(7),patient education(11),mindfulness(3),and cognitive behavioral therapy(5).results:Studies were examined from seventeen countries including a broad range of cultures and *** interventions have shown mixed results in all interventional categories,many studies do support small to modest improvements in physiologic,behavioral,and psychological outcome *** heterogeneity of interventions *** most commonly reported physiologic measure was HbA1c *** measures were collected mostly at 6 and 12 *** of most research was limited to one ***:research exploring the impact of interventions for self-management has made major contributions to the care of persons with type 2 diabetes,from offering suggestions for improving care,to stim

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Interventions research Integrative review

Democratizing photogrammetry:an accuracy perspective

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第2期26卷 175-188页

作者： Jie Shan Zhixin Li Damon Lercel kevan Tissue Joseph Hupy Joshua carpenter School of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA School of Aviation and Transportation Technology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Photogrammetry is experiencing an era of democratization mostly due to the popularity and availability of many commercial off-the-shelf devices,such as drones and *** are used as the most convenient and effective tools for high-resolution image acquisition for a wide range of applications in science,engineering,management,and cultural ***,the quality,particularly the geometric accuracy,of the outcomes from such consumer sensors is still ***,the expected quality under different control schemes has yet to be thoroughly *** paper intends to answer those questions with a comprehensive comparative ***,in particular,structure from motion,has been used to reconstruct a 3D building model from smartphone and consumer drone images,as well as from professional drone images,all under various ground control *** from this study show that the positioning accuracy of smartphone images under direct geo-referencing is 165.4 cm,however,this could be improved to 43.3 cm and 14.5 cm when introducing aerial lidar data and total station surveys as ground control,*** results are found for consumer drone images as *** comparison,this study shows the use of the professional drone is able to achieve a positioning accuracy of 3.7 ***,we demonstrate that through the combined use of drone and smartphone images we are able to obtain full coverage of the entire target with a 2.3 cm positioning *** study concludes that smartphone images can achieve an accuracy equivalent to consumer drone images and can be used as the primary data source for building facade data collection.

关键词： Drone smartphone photogrammetry Structure from Motion(SfM) aero triangulation point clouds

Safety considerations for working with animal models involving human health hazards

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2018年第2期1卷 91-99页

作者： Calvin B.carpenter Animal resources Alcon Research and Development

A human health hazard may constitute a variety of hazards that are encountered in an animal facility. Health hazards include physical, chemical, radioactive, or biological hazards such as cage and rack washers, chemicals used for cleaning and disinfection,experimental drugs or biologics, radioactive isotopes, zoonotic diseases, allergens,experimental infectious agents, or biological toxins. This article will focus on experimental infectious agents and biological toxins(biohazards) that are hazardous to both animals and humans and require biological containment(biocontainment) to prevent their inadvertent release into the environment. key areas for safely managing a biocontainment animal care and use program and vivarium are *** scientific research involving health hazards has created some challenges, it has also provided some excellent advances in methods and technologies. The ideas and approaches in this article will be useful for those just entering this field of research and those who have committed their careers to the safe use of animals exposed to biohazards.

关键词： animal models biocontainment hazards safety

Strategies for recruiting a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes from primary care clinics in rural Appalachia: Incorporating cultural competence

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018年第3期5卷 230-237页

作者： roger carpenter Laurie A.Theeke West Virginia University School of Nursing MorgantownWV26506USA

Back.r.und:recruiting research participants from primary care in rural Appalachia is a major challenge and can be influenced by cultural characteristics,making it critically important to incorporate strategies of cultural competence in the overall design of clinical ***:The purpose of this paper is to describe culturally competent strategies used for recruitment and data collection with a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes from primary care settings in ***:The Purnell model of cultural competence and relevant literature served as a framework for study *** overarching approaches informed the organization of recruitment strategies and development of the data collection ***:The approaches included selection of research sites,establishing collaborations,sustaining collaborative relationships,and enhancing understanding of benefits of *** recruitment sites were selected based on potential to enhance diversification of participants;multiple steps were included in each of the three remaining approaches to build relationships and gain participation.A study log was maintained to provide evaluation ***:recruitment took 14 months and a sample of 102 subjects provided consent with 101 participants providing complete *** were representative of the region except that African American participation was higher(6.9%)compared to current north central Appalachia(3%).Over 72%of participants indicated they would be interested in participating in future ***:These findings emphasize the importance of employing strategies for cultural competence in study *** of concepts from the Purnell model led to enhanced representativeness and potential for subsequent generalizability.

关键词： Adult Appalachian region Cultural characteristics Cultural competency Diabetes mellitus,Type 2 Primary health care recruitment