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Derivation of salt content in salinized soil from hyperspectral reflectance data: A case study at Minqin Oasis, Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第1期11卷 111-122页

作者： QIAN Tana Atsushi TSUNEkAWA PENG Fei Tsugiyuki masunaga WANG Tao LI Rui Arid Land Research Center Tottori University Life and Environmental Science Shimane University key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences

Soil salinization is a serious ecological and environmental problem because it adversely affects sustainable development worldwide, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. It is crucial and urgent that advanced technologies are used to efficiently and accurately assess the status of salinization processes. Case studies to determine the relations between particular types of salinization and their spectral reflectances are essential because of the distinctive characteristics of the reflectance spectra of particular salts. During April 2015 we collected surface soil samples(0–10 cm depth) at 64 field sites in the downstream area of Minqin Oasis in Northwest China, an area that is undergoing serious salinization. We developed a linear model for determination of salt content in soil from hyperspectral data as follows. First, we undertook chemical analysis of the soil samples to determine their soluble salt contents. We then measured the reflectance spectra of the soil samples, which we post-processed using a continuum-removed reflectance algorithm to enhance the absorption features and better discriminate subtle differences in spectral features. We applied a normalized difference salinity index to the continuum-removed hyperspectral data to obtain all possible waveband pairs. Correlation of the indices obtained for all of the waveband pairs with the wavebands corresponding to measured soil salinities showed that two wavebands centred at wavelengths of 1358 and 2382 nm had the highest sensitivity to salinity. We then applied the linear regression modelling to the data from half of the soil samples to develop a soil salinity index for the relationships between wavebands and laboratory measured soluble salt content. We used the hyperspectral data from the remaining samples to validate the model. The salt content in soil from Minqin Oasis were well produced by the model. Our results indicate that wavelengths at 1358 and 2382 nm are the optimal wavebands for monitoring the

关键词： salinity index soil salt content spectral reflectance waveband pairs arid regions

FUZZY MODEL FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL RIVER WATER QUALITY SIMULATION UNDER SUDDEN POLLUTANTS DISCHARGED

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2007年第4期19卷 434-441页

作者： LI Ru-zhong SHIGEkI masunaga HONG Tian-qiu QIAN Jia-zhong School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

Based on the fuzziness and impreciseness of water environmental system, the fuzzy arithmetic was used to simulate the fuzzy and imprecise relations in modeling river water quality. By defining the parameters of water quality model as symmetrical triangular fuzzy numbers, a two-dimensional fuzzy water quality model for sudden pollutant discharge is established. From the fuzzy model, the pollutant concentrations, corresponding to the specified confidence level of a, can be obtained by means of the a-cut technique and arithmetic operations of triangular fuzzy numbers. Study results reveal that it is feasible in theory and reliable on calculation applying triangular fuzzy numbers to the simulation of river water quality.

关键词： fuzzy water quality simulation model triangular fuzzy number membership function a-cut technique

Starbase:A Potential Modern Company Town

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2021年第9期 32-34,47,48页

作者： Samantha masunaga 不详

The secluded Texas beachside community of Boca Chica Village was once a haven for retirees,snowbirds and outdoorsy ***,traffic backs up the lone highway out of the unincorporated area that’s now home to only about half a dozen residents-and SpaceX’s Starship *** test launches,residents receive a notice suggesting they temporarily evacuate for safety.

关键词： base beach haven

Efficiency of soil and water conservation practices in different agro-ecological environments in the Upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第2期10卷 249-263页

作者： Dagnenet SULTAN Atsushi TSUNEkAWA Nigussie HAREGEWEYN Enyew ADGO Mitsuru TSUBO Derege T MESHESHA Tsugiyuki masunaga Dagnachew AkLOG Ayele A FENTA kindiye EBABU The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Tottori University School of Civil and Water Resource Engineering Institute of Technology Bahir Dar University Arid Land Research Center Tottori University International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori University Department of Natural Resources Management Bahir Dar University Institute for Soil Climate and Water Agricultural Research Council Faculty of Life and Environmental Science Shimane University Center for International Affairs Tottori University

In developing countries such as Ethiopia, research to develop and promote soil and water conservation practices rarely addressed regional diversity. Using a water-balance approach in this study, we used runoff plots from three sites, each representing a different agro-ecological environment, e.g., high, mid and low in both elevation and rainfall, in the Upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia to examine the runoff response and runoff conservation efficiency of a range of different soil and water conservation measures and their impacts on soil moisture. The plots at each site represented common land use types（cultivated vs. non-agricultural land use types） and slopes（gentle and steep）. Seasonal runoff from control plots in the highlands ranged 214–560 versus 253–475 mm at midlands and 119–200 mm at lowlands. The three soil and water conservation techniques applied in cultivated land increased runoff conservation efficiency by 32% to 51%, depending on the site. At the moist subtropical site in a highland region, soil and water conservation increased soil moisture enough to potentially cause waterlogging, which was absent at the lowrainfall sites. Soil bunds combined with Vetiveria zizanioides grass in cultivated land and short trenches in grassland conserved the most runoff（51% and 55%, respectively）. Runoff responses showed high spatial variation within and between land use types, causing high variation in soil and water conservation efficiency. Our results highlight the need to understand the role of the agro-ecological environment in the success of soil and water conservation measures to control runoff and hydrological dynamics. This understanding will support policy development to promote the adoption of suitable techniques that can be tested at other locations with similar soil, climatic, and topographic conditions.

关键词： agro-ecology drought-prone runoff coefficient runoff conservation efficiency Ethiopia

Soil Development and Fertility Characteristics of Inland Valleys in the Rain Forest Zone of Nigeria: Mineralogical Composition and Particle-Size Distribution

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Pedosphere 2009年第4期19卷 505-514页

作者： S. S. ABE G. O. OYEDIRAN T. masunaga S. YAMAMOTO T. HONNA T. WAkATSUkI Africa Rice Center (WARDA) Faculty of Agriculture Tottori University Department of Agronomy Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbamoso (Nigeria) Faculty of Life and Environmental Science Shimane University Faculty of Agriculture Kinki University

The particle-size distribution and mineralogical composition of the clay （〈 2 μm） and fine-sand （0.25-0.10 mm） fractions in soils of two inland valleys in Abakaliki and Bende, Southeast Nigeria, were investigated to provide basic information on soil-forming processes and agricultural potentials. These soils were silty or clayey, deriving from Cretaceous or Tertiary shale materials. The particle-size distribution and its computation on a clay-free basis revealed relatively remarkable lithologic breaks in a couple of pedons. The effect of lithologic discontinuities on soil mineralogical composition was not, however, conspicuous. Petrographic investigation revealed that quartz predominantly comprised the fine-sand fraction in the soils at both study sites. Nevertheless, the clay mineralogical composition of the soils was a mixture of kaolinite, irregularly interstratified smectite-illite intergrades （S/I）, hydroxyl-A1 interlayered 2：1 type clays （HICs）, vermiculite, smectite, halloysite and illite along with fine-sized quartz in Abakaliki. The soils of Bende predominantly contained smectite, which was partially interlayered with hydroxyl-A1 and kaolinite. It is suggested that seasonal floodwater has slowed the disintegration of weatherable clay minerals inherited from the shale, while quartz originating from the sandstone is predominant in the fine-sand fraction. Additionally, a possible soil-forming process observed at the both study sites was ferrolysis, which was indicated by a clear decreasing pattern of HICs downward in the soil profiles, The entry of S/I and vertical distribution patterns for a couple of clay minerals in the pedon suggested that the soils in Abakaliki have developed under the significant influence of aeolian dust delivered by the Harmattan. The findings might describe a site-specific deposition pattern of Harmattan dusts as well as hydromorphic soil-forming processes in the wetlands of the inland valleys.

关键词： aeolian dust ferrolysis hydromorphic soil hydroxyl-A1 interlayered 2:1 type clays Southeast Nigeria

Analyzing Tumor Microenvironment and Exploiting its Characteristics for Controlling Malignant Solid Tumors

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Analyzing Tumor Microenvironment and Exploiting its Characte...

Changes in the crown angulation and dental arch widths after nonextraction orthodontic treatment: Model analysis of mild crowding with high canines

作者： S.masunaga Research Reactor Institute Kyoto University

BACkGROUNDS AND PURPOSES:Human solid tumors are thought to contain moderately large fractions of quiescent(Q) tumor cells that are out of the cell cycle and stop cell division,but are viable compared with established experimental animal tumor lines that have been employed for various oncology *** presence of Q cells is probably due,in part,to hypoxia and the depletion of nutrition in the tumor core,which is another consequence of poor vascular *** a result,Q cells are viable and clonogenic,but stop cell *** general,radiation and many DNA-damaging chemothe-

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2012年第3期2卷 188-194页

作者： Morio masunaga Hiroshi Ueda kazuo Tanne Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Orthodontist in Private Practice Osaka Japan

This study was undertaken to examine which factors contributed to the correction of crowding in two patients who underwent nonextraction orthodontic treatment. A study model analysis was conducted to determine the effects of the orthodontic treatment for crowding with high canines on crown angulation and dental arch width in two patients. The results showed that the crown angulation was significantly increased, indicating distal tipping in the maxillary dental arch. This tendency was most commonly observed in the premolars among the lateral teeth. With respect to the dental arch width, the largest change was evident in the first molar and first premolar regions in cases 1 and 2, respectively. On the basis of these results, up-righting of mesially tipped lateral teeth and expansion of narrow dental arches could prove to be the keys to the success of space regaining or correction of high canines and mild crowding.

关键词： Crowding High Canine Crown Angulation Dental Arch Width Model Analysis

Effect of Polyacrylamide integrated with other soil amendments on runoff and soil loss:Case study from northwest Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 487-496页

作者： Birhanu kebede Atsushi Tsunekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Mitsuru Tsubo Temesgen Mulualem Amrakh I.Mamedov Derege Tsegaye Meshesha Enyew Adgo Ayele Almaw Fenta kindiye Ebabu Tsugiyuki masunaga Bahir Dar Institute of Technology Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 26Bahir DarEthiopia Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan International Platform for Dry Land Research and Education Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia Faculty of Life and Environmental Science Shimane UniversityShimane Matsue690-0823Japan

Anionic polyacrylamide(PAM)has the potential to reduce soil erosion through soil ***,a comprehensive study about its effectiveness especially when applied combined with other amendments have rarely been conducted in the tropical highland climatic conditions,such as in *** study assessed the effectiveness of PAM(P=40 kg ha^(-1))alone or integrated with other soil amendments such as gypsum(G=5 t ha^(-1)),lime(L=4 t ha^(-1))and biochar(B=8 t ha^(-1))on runoff and soil loss at Aba Gerima watershed in the Upper Blue Nile basin,northwest of Ethiopia,where there is high erosion-caused soil degradation.A total of 79 daily runoff and sediment data were collected from eight runoff plots(1.3m×4m)with three replications planted with teff(Eragrostis tef)crop for two years(2018&2019)rainy *** changes in soil physicochemical properties and crop growth parameters were *** reduced seasonal runoff by 12–39%and soil loss by 13–53%.The highest reduction in runoff was observed from P+B and PAM treatments while the highest reduction in soil loss was observed from that of P+L and PAM *** PAM with other amendments improved soil structural stability,moisture content,soil pH(P+L)and organic matter(P+B),leading to favorable environment for crop growth(biomass yield)and reduced runoff and soil *** PAM,biochar and lime amendments may need more time after application to be more *** continuing the field experiment and studying physico-chemical mechanisms for extended period will better elucidate their single or combined effectiveness over time.

关键词： Dryland Soil amendments Polyacrylamide Soil erosion Soil properties

Tillage and crop management impacts on soil loss and crop yields in northwestern Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第1期10卷 75-85页

作者： Fekremariam Asargew Mihretie Atsushi Tsunekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Enyew Adgo Mitsuru Tsubo kindiye Ebabu Tsugiyuki masunaga Birhanu kebede Derege Tsegaye Meshesha Wataru Tsuji Muluken Bayable Mulatu Liyew Berihun The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Tottori University4-101 Koyama-MinamiTottori680-8553Japan Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute P.O.Box527Bahir DarEthiopia Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia Faculty of Life and Environmental Science Shimane UniversityShimaneJapan Faculty of Civil and Water Resource Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box252Bahir DarEthiopia Faculty of Agriculture Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan

Lack of appropriate agronomic practices is one of the major causes for soil erosion and low yields in teff(Eragrostis tef[Zucc.])production in Ethiopia.A 3-yr study was conducted at the Aba Gerima watershed in northwestern Ethiopia,to investigate the effects of two tillage practices(reduced tillage[RT]and conventional tillage[CT]),two planting methods(row planting[RP]and broadcast planting[BP]),and two compaction options(with[+T]and without[-T]trampling)on soil loss and teff yields in a split-split plot *** concentration ranged from 0.01 to 5.37 g L^(-1)(mean,0.25 g L^(-1))in our ***,the estimated total(August-October)soil loss ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 t ha^(-1)(mean,0.3 t ha^(-1)).The sediment concentration and total soil loss were significantly influenced(P<0.05)by tillage,planting methods,and trampling only in the third monitoring *** reduced soil loss by 19% relative to that of CT,whereas RP resulted in a 13%reduction in soil loss over ***-T plots showed a 15%reduction in soil loss as compared to+T *** revealed significant increase in soil total carbon and nitrogen in RT *** soil loss and greater teff grain yield were obtained in plots with improved agronomic practices(RT and RP)compared to conventional ones(CT and BP).Based on our findings we conclude that the use of RT,RP,and-T practices can effectively minimize soil loss without any crop yield penalty.

关键词： Drought-resistance Grain yield Reduced tillage Row planting Soil erosion Teff