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香港实施DOT后(1986-1999)结核分支杆菌的耐药性监测

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2002年第3期 92-99页

作者： k.m.kam C.W.Yip 贺晓新 Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Yung Fung Shee Memorial Center Department of Health Hong Kong

目的:了解香港1986-1999年间不同年龄组结核病流行病学,尤其是耐药率的变化趋势。设计:在香港某结核病中心实验室连续收集了临床结核分支杆菌对链霉素(Sm)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RmP),以及对乙胺丁醇(EmB)的药物敏感性检测数据。测量... 详细信息

目的:了解香港1986-1999年间不同年龄组结核病流行病学,尤其是耐药率的变化趋势。设计:在香港某结核病中心实验室连续收集了临床结核分支杆菌对链霉素(Sm)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RmP),以及对乙胺丁醇(EmB)的药物敏感性检测数据。测量并分析了新发病例和复治病例中诸如年龄性别以及耐药率等流行病学参数的时间变化趋势。结果:在分离于新发病例的48924株非复制分支杆菌中,7045株(14.4％)对一种或一种以上药物耐受,5773株(11.8％)对Sm和/或INH耐药,881株(1.8％)为耐多药株(mDR-TB)。在分离于复治病例的3857株分支杆菌中,1176株(30.5％)对一种或一种以上的药物耐受,616株(16.0％)对Sm和/或INH耐药,467株(12.1％)为耐多药株(mDR-TB)。在新发病例的分支杆菌中,总和耐药率、Sm单耐药率、INH单耐药率、Sm+INH耐药率以及INH+RmP耐药率均表现出明显下降趋势。对于复治病例的分支杆菌中,也观察到了总和耐药率和INH+RmP耐药率的明显下降趋势。无论是在新发病例还是在复治病例,与其他年龄组相比(16-34岁和35-65岁),65岁以上病人分支杆菌的耐药率(总和耐药率和INH+RmP耐药率)明显低于其他年龄组(16-34和35-65岁组)。结论:经过14年成功实施DOTS策略,以实验室检测数据为基础的监测结果显示分支杆菌的耐药率包括mDR率?

关键词：结核病耐药流行病学香港

结核病实验室常规工作中收集的碱性复红质量差异

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2010年第1期5卷 10-13页

作者： C.W.Yip k.m.kam 姜广路刘宇红 Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Centre for Health ProtectionDepartment of Health

背景:从10个不同的常规开展抗酸菌涂片显微镜检查的实验室,收集了正在使用中的碱性复红样本。目的:检查碱性复红染色液组份的差异。方法:首先使用分光光度计在547nm处检测吸光度,以确定碱性复红浓度。再用高效液相色谱分离和定量4种复... 详细信息

背景:从10个不同的常规开展抗酸菌涂片显微镜检查的实验室,收集了正在使用中的碱性复红样本。目的:检查碱性复红染色液组份的差异。方法:首先使用分光光度计在547nm处检测吸光度,以确定碱性复红浓度。再用高效液相色谱分离和定量4种复红的同系物:副品红碱(pararosaniline)、蔷薇苯胺(rosaniline)、品红Ⅱ(magentaⅡ)和新品红(new fuchsin),然后通过质谱(mass spectrometry)鉴定。结果:吸光度方法测量显示10个样本中有3个(30%)碱性复红含量不足(<70%)。发现各样本的组份及其所占比例差异很大。结论:在不同实验室的样本中,蔷薇苯胺+新品红的相对丰度十分稳定。吸光度法和高效液相/质谱对监测碱性复红质量是必要、敏感的方法。

关键词：碱性复红质量 HPLC 分光光度法

Asymptotics for the joint tail probability of bidimensional randomly weighted sums with applications to insurance

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Science China mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 163-186页

作者： Yang Yang Shaoying Chen kam Chuen Yuen School of Statistics and Data Science Nanjing Audit UniversityNanjing 211815China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

This paper studies the joint tail behavior of two randomly weighted sums∑_(i=1)^(m)Θ_(i)X_(i)and∑_(j=1)^(n)θ_(j)Y_(j)for some m,n∈N∪{∞},in which the primary random variables{X_(i);i∈N}and{Y_(i);i∈N},respectively,are real-valued,dependent and heavy-tailed,while the random weights{Θi,θi;i∈N}are nonnegative and arbitrarily dependent,but the three sequences{X_(i);i∈N},{Y_(i);i∈N}and{Θ_(i),θ_(i);i∈N}are mutually *** two types of weak dependence assumptions on the heavy-tailed primary random variables and some mild moment conditions on the random weights,we establish some(uniformly)asymptotic formulas for the joint tail probability of the two randomly weighted sums,expressing the insensitivity with respect to the underlying weak dependence *** applications,we consider both discrete-time and continuous-time insurance risk models,and obtain some asymptotic results for ruin probabilities.

关键词： asymptotic joint tail behavior randomly weighted sum heavy-tailed distribution dependence insurance risk model

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Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling:from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 401-441页

作者： Bonan Chen Peiyao Yu Wai Nok Chan Fuda Xie Yigan Zhang Li Liang kam Tong Leung kwok Wai Lo Jun Yu Gary m.k.Tse Wei kang ka Fai To Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina State key Laboratory of Digestive Disease Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina CUHk-Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Department of Pathology Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical CollegeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor PathologyGuangzhouChina Institute of Biomedical Research Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina Department of Pediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body.A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis,often coinciding with disease *** an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium,cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease *** research suggests zinc’s involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells,despite its low tissue *** has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc’s cellular metabolism,particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer *** transportation is under the control of two major transporter families:SLC30(ZnT)for the excretion of zinc and SLC39(ZIP)for the zinc ***,the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins(mTs).This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression,with a special focus on *** also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc *** the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane,the potential for targeted therapies,including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies,offers promising avenues for future exploration.

关键词： metabolism invasion involvement

A converged ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for the degradation of TOC and TOm tail-anchored receptors

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 1007-1023页

作者： meijing Yang Shuai Chen Shey-Li Lim Lang Yang Jia Yi Zhong koon Chuen Chan Zhizhu Zhao kam-Bo Wong Junqi Wang Boon Leong Lim School of Biological Sciences University of Hong KongPokfulam 999077Hong KongChina Department of Biology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Life Sciences The Chinese Universityof Hong KongShatin 999077HongKongChina State key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin 999077Hong KongChina HkU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen 518052China

In plants,thousands of nucleus-encoded proteins translated in the cytosol are sorted to chloroplasts and mitochondria by binding to specific receptors of the TOC(translocon on the outer chloroplast membrane)and the TOm(translocon on the outer mitochondrial membrane)complexes for import into those *** degradation pathways for these receptors are ***,we discovered a converged ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for the degradation of Arabidopsis thaliana TOC and TOm tail-anchored *** receptors are ubiquitinated by E3 ligase(s)and pulled from the outer membranes by the AAA+adenosine triphosphatase CDC48,after which a previously uncharacterized cytosolic protein,transmembrane domain(TmD)-binding protein for tail-anchored outer membrane proteins(TTOP),binds to the exposed TmDs at the C termini of the receptors and CDC48,and delivers these complexes to the 26S proteasome.

关键词： 26S proteasome CDC48 SP1 TOC TOm ubiquitination

mitigating Iron Toxicity by Using Rock Phosphate to Improve Rice Productivity

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 423-438页

作者： Adama Bagayogo Honoré kam Jacques Sawadogo moumouni konate moussa Sie Satoshi Nakamura Fujio Nagumo mahamadou Sawadogo Ouaga I Uviversity Jospeph Ki-Zerbo Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SVT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research National Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences Ibaraki Japan

Iron toxicity is a major constraint to rice production, particularly in highly weathered soils of inland valleys in Sub-Saharan Africa where the rice growing area is rapidly expanding. This study aimed to improve the productiveness of iron toxicity sensitive’s rice fields as well as in the unsensitive fields by using local phosphate fertilizers. Eighteen (18) rice genotypes were been assessed in a split plot design in two areas: without iron toxicity and with iron toxicity. NPk, Nk, Rock Phosphate, Triple super phosphate, Calcined phosphate and Acidulated phosphate were used as fertilizers. Data collection was focused on agronomic traits and yield (g/m2). The best fertilizers in the area without iron toxicity were NPk (820.2 g/m2) and triple super phosphate (751.7 g/m2). In the iron toxicity area, the best yields were performed by NPk (785.5 g/m2) and raw calcined phosphate (698.3 g/m2). Yet, the Accessions 15, Accessions 225, Accessions 226 and Accessions 270 were rainfed rice genotypes while CC109 A, HB 46 and HB 62 were low-land/irrigated rice genotypes. NPk, Nk and acidulated phosphate fertilizers alleviate the best, iron toxicity in both sensitive and unsensitive rice fields.

关键词： Oryza NPk Nk Rock Phosphate Rice

Contribution of Satellite Observations in the Optical and microphysical Characterization of Aerosols in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 154-171页

作者： Nébon Bado Serge Dimitri Bazyomo Germain Wende Pouiré Ouedraogo Bruno korgo mamadou Simina Dramé Florent P. kieno Sié kam Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouaga Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon-Fongang Université Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar-Fann Sénégal Institute of mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Porto-Novo Benin

In this work, we proceed to an optical and microphysical analysis of the observations reversed by the mODIS, SeaWiFS, mISR and OmI sensors with the aim of proposing the best-adapted airborne sensor for better monitoring of aerosols in Burkina Faso. To this end, a comparison of AOD between satellite observations and in situ measurements at the Ouagadougou site reveals an underestimation of AERONET AOD except for OmI which overestimates them. Also, an inter-comparison done based on the linear regression line representation shows the correlation between the aerosol models incorporated in the airborne sensor inversion algorithms and the aerosol population probed. This can be seen through the correlation coefficients R which are 0.84, 0.64, 0.55 and 0.054 for mODIS, SeaWiFS, mISR and OmI respectively. Furthermore, an optical analysis of aerosols in Burkina Faso by the mODIS sensor from 2001 to 2016 indicates a large spatial and temporal variability of particles strongly dominated by desert dust. This is corroborated by the annual and seasonal cycles of the AOD at 550 nm and the Angström coefficient measured in the spectral range between 412 nm and 470 nm. A zoom on a few sites chosen according to the three climatic zones confirms the majority presence of mineral aerosols in Burkina Faso, whose maxima are observed in spring and summer.

关键词： AERONET Airborne Sensors Aerosol Optical and microphysical Properties

System Dynamic modelling of Patient Flow and Transferral Problem in a mixed Public-Private Healthcare System:A Case Study of Hong kong SAR

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第5期29卷 590-608页

作者： C.k.m.LEE W.C.TAI kam k.H.NG Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hon g Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HornHong Kong SARChina School of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

The current healthcare system in Hong kong is experiencing pressure due to constrained resources,with dramatic increases in inpatient services queue lengths,dissatisfaction with the working environment,unacceptable workforce arrangements and high turnover rate of hospital *** maintain the robustness of the healthcare system and a sustainable inpatients flow,the Food and Health Bureau launched a public-private partnership programme to utilise the resources of the public and private *** research investigates the potential for extension of the programme and further enhancing the sustainability of the long-term inpatient services under a mixed public-private healthcare policy via system dynamic *** findings show that an increase of human resources in public hospitals does not substantially improve inpatient flow rate ***,the results from the system dynamic approach provide insights into the expansion of the service areas of the programme and suggest increasing the number of referrals to private hospitals.

关键词： System dynamic models scenario analysis inpatient transferral mixed public-private healthcare system

Traditional Healer’s medicinal Practice Survey and Clinical Evidence Assessment of “YIkI”: An Antimalarial Phytomedicine Recipe from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第7期15卷 248-267页

作者： Zachari kabre Rakiswende Serge Yerbanga Aminata Fofana Roland Nâg-Tiero meda Anyirekun Fabrice Some Alassane Haro Natacha A. J. A. Boro Fazhira B. Ye Benjamin kouliga koama Sami Eric kam Eliasse Zongo Hadidjatou Belèm Windmi kagambèga Florence Fournet Georges A. Ouedraogo Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Direction Rgionale de lOuest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche et dEnseignement en Sant et Biotechnologies Animales Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche en Bactriologie INSP/Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso maladies Infectueuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie Gntique Evolution et Contrle (MIVEGEC) Institut de Recherche pour le Dveloppement Universit de Monpellier Montpellier France

YIkI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal practices of the healer holder of YIkI and assess the clinical evidence of its phytomedicine in the uncomplicated malaria treatment. Ethnomedical survey based on a semi-structured and open questionnaire was conducted from October to December 2019 with the healer. malaria knowledge and diagnosis methods, patient treatment and monitoring, and recipe formulation steps were surveyed. moreover, thick and thin blood smears were taken, haemoglobin levels and temperature of consenting patients were measured before treatment, mid-treatment and at the end of treatment. The survey revealed that the healer has a good knowledge of malaria symptoms and his diagnosis is based on observation and physical examination of patients. The healer’s malaria diagnosis was rudimentary and had accuracy problems, with only 62.79% of malaria cases confirmed by microscopy. The formulation of YIkI and its use to treat malaria follow a standard process for plant harvesting, powder quantities and posology, but do not use any reproducible parameters for dose adjustment. Forty-three patients diagnosed and treated by the healer participated in the study. Laboratory results revealed 27 Plasmodium falciparum infection cases, including 2 with parasitaemia ≥ 200,000 p/µl blood. 25 patients were selected for therapeutic evidence assessment. There was a 48% elimination of parasites, a 28% parasitaemia decrease without complete cure, with gametocytogenesis in some patients, and a 24% parasitaemia increase. Haemoglobin and temperature results suggested that YIkI was not cytotoxic and reduced fever. Encouraging preliminary results have been obtained, but in view of the low number of patients, further YIkI efficacy and toxicity studies will be necessary for patient safety.

关键词： Antimalarial-Phytomedicine Efficacy Traditional Practices Bobo-Dioulasso