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Synergistic Effect of Nitrogen/Phosphorus Co-Doping and Molybdenum Carbide Induced Electron Redistribution of Carbon Layer to Boost hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第1期42卷 55-60页

作者： Jiamin Xiao Peng Li Yanyan Sun heng Liu Javid khan handong Zhang han Zhou Yaqiong Su Shuangyin Wang Lei han College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean EnergyHunan UniversityChangshaHunan 410082China School of Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices Ministry of EducationXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710049China School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410083China state key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensingand Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University ChangshaHunan 410082China Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O.Box5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands

The development of highly efficient non-precious-metal-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction is imperative for promoting the large-scale application of electrochemical water ***,nitrogen/phosphorus co-doped carbon nanorods encapsulated Mo_(2)C nanoparticles(Mo_(2)C@PNc)have been prepared by pre-phosphating treatment in combination of the coordination with polydopamine and the subsequent *** phosphating temperature has a significant effect on the content of phosphorus within the resultant Mo_(2)C@PNC,and the optimal catalyst delivers superior hER activity with the low overpotential of 104 mV at a current density of 10 mAcm^(-2) and good stability for 8 h,which has been theoretically demonstrated to originate from the synergistic effect between P doping and Mo_(2)C induced electron redistribution of nitrogen-doped carbon layer.

关键词： Molybdenum carbide N/P co-doped carbon hydrogen evolution Synergistic effect Electron redistribution Comprehensive

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Trehalose:A sugar molecule involved in temperature stress management in plants

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Ali Raza Savita Bhardwaj Md Atikur Rahman Pedro García-Caparrós Madiha habib Faisal Saeed Sidra Charagh Christine h.Foyer kadambot h.M.Siddique Rajeev k.Varshney College of Agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(FAFU)Fuzhou 350002FujianChina Department of Botany School of Bioengineering and BiosciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwara 144411India Department of Botany MCM DAV CollegeKangraHimachal Pradesh 176001India Grassland and Forage Division National Institute of Animal ScienceRural Development AdministrationCheonan 31000Republic of Korea Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering University of AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology National Agricultural Research CentrePark Rd.Islamabad 45500Pakistan Agriculture Health and Environment DepartmentNatural Resources InstituteFaculty of Engineering&ScienceUniversity of GreenwichKent ME44TBUK State key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbaston B152TTUK The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyPerth 6009Australia WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Centre for Crop and Food InnovationFood Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia

Trehalose(Tre)is a non-reducing disaccharide found in many species,including bacteria,fungi,invertebrates,yeast,and even plants,where it acts as an osmoprotectant,energy source,or protein/membrane *** relatively small amounts in plants,Tre concentrations increase following exposure to abiotic ***-6-phosphate,a precursor of Tre,has regulatory functions in sugar metabolism,crop production,and stress *** the various abiotic stresses,temperature extremes(heat or cold stress)are anticipated to impact crop production worldwide due to ongoing climate *** small amounts of Tre can mitigate negative physiological,metabolic,and molecular responses triggered by temperature *** also interacts with other sugars,osmoprotectants,amino acids,and phytohormones to regulate metabolic reprogramming that underpins temperature stress *** plants expressing Tre-synthesis genes accumulate Tre and show improved stress ***-wide studies of Tre-encoding genes suggest roles in plant growth,development,and stress *** review discusses the functions of Tre in mitigating temperature stress—highlighting genetic engineering approaches to modify Tre metabolism,crosstalk,and interactions with other molecules—and in-silico approaches for identifying novel Tre-encoding genes in diverse plant *** consider how this knowledge can be used to develop temperature-resilient crops essential for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Abiotic stress Gene expression Genetic engineering Osmolyte Trehalose-6-phosphate

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Structural Analysis for Qazzaz Metamorphic Core Complex, Northwestern Arabian Shield, Saudi Arabia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第5期 1187-1201页

作者： Mansour h.AL-hAShIM Osama M.k.kASSEM Department of Geology and Geophysics College of Science King Saud University Department of Geology National Research Center

Identifying deformational mechanisms and associated structures at various scales, ranging from regional-scale structures to microscopic fabric, is crucial for the assessment of tectonic development. Thirty-three samples were taken from the Qazzaz metamorphic core complex to estimate the finite strain for felsic and mafic minerals. These samples included gneisses rocks, monzogranite, and metavolcano–sedimentary rocks for both the Thalbah and Bayda groups. Using the Rf/j and Fry methods, the axial ratios(XZ) range about 2.20 to 7.10 and 1.90 to 9.10, respectively. For various rock units, the strain measurements show moderate to highly deformation. Most of the observed samples show shallow WNW dipping along a N to WNW trend of finite strain(X). The short axes(Z) based to be subvertical foliation related with a subhorizontal foliation. The results demonstrate that contacts generated at semi-brittle to ductile deformation and that the strain of magnitude has the same value for different lithologic units. It concluded that nappe generation in orogens results from pure shear deformation.

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Two decades of fire activity over the PEEX domain:a look from space,with contribution from models and ground-based measurements

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Big Earth Data 2024年第2期8卷 350-396页

作者： Larisa Sogacheva Timo h.Virtanen Anu-Maija Sundström Pekka kolmonen Mikhail Sofiev hanna k.Lappalainen Antti Arola Finnish Meteorological Institute Climate Research ProgrammeHelsinkiFinland Finnish Meteorological Institute Space and Earth Observation CentreHelsinkiFinland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

It has been suggested that forest fires will become more frequent/intense with changing climate,which would increase aerosol/gas emissions into the atmosphere.A better under-standing of the relations between meteorological conditions,fires,and fire emissions will help estimate the climate response via forest *** this study,we use ERA5 meteor-ological products,including temperature,precipitation,and soil moisture,to explain the frequency of forest fires and the amount of radiant energy released per time unit by burning vegetation(fire radiative power,FRP).We explore the relation-ships between satellite-retrieved fire products and aerosol properties(aerosol optical depth,AOD),carbon monoxide(CO),formaldehyde(hChO),and nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))con-centrations over the PEEX domain,which covers different vegetation zones(***/grasslands,forest,arctic tun-dra)of Pan-Eurasia and *** analyse the concentrations of black carbon and absorbing organic carbon using groundbased AErosol RObotic *** analysis covers the months of May to August from 2002 to *** show posi-tive temperature trends in the Northern zone(>65°N)in June and August(1.56°C and 0.64°C,respectively);all statistically significant trends for precipitation and soil moisture are *** can explain increased fire activity in Siberia over the recent years(2019-2022).Over the whole PEEX domain,FC and FRP trends remain insignificant or negative;a decrease in AOD may address those negative *** show that intrasummer variations exist for cropland/grassland fires,which occur most often in May and August,while Siberian forest fires occur more often in July and *** show that CO concentration has been gradually decreasing in the last two decades in May and *** trends are negative in May,June,and over summer for all regions,in July in Europe,China,the Southern zone(he PEEX *** trends are not significant in all ***_(2)trends are positive in May and

关键词： PEEX wild fires satellite trend enhancement ratios

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Rao Algorithms-Based Structure Optimization for heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 873-897页

作者： Shereen k.Refaay Samia A.Ali Moumen T.El-Melegy Louai A.Maghrabi hamdy h.El-Sayed Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Sohag UniversitySohag82524Egypt Faculty of Engineering Assiut UniversityAssiut711745Egypt College of Engineering University of Business and TechnologyJeddah23411Saudi Arabia

The structural optimization of wireless sensor networks is a critical issue because it impacts energy consumption and hence the network’s *** studies have been conducted for homogeneous networks,but few have been performed for heterogeneouswireless sensor *** paper utilizes Rao algorithms to optimize the structure of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks according to node locations and their initial *** proposed algorithms lack algorithm-specific parameters and metaphorical *** proposed algorithms examine the search space based on the relations of the population with the best,worst,and randomly assigned *** proposed algorithms can be evaluated using any routing protocol,however,we have chosen the well-known routing protocols in the literature:Low Energy Adaptive Clustering hierarchy(LEACh),Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems(PEAGSIS),Partitioned-based Energy-efficient LEACh(PE-LEACh),and the Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems Neural Network(PEAGSIS-NN)recent routing *** compare our optimized method with the Jaya,the Particle Swarm Optimization-based Energy Efficient Clustering(PSO-EEC)protocol,and the hybrid harmony Search Algorithm and PSO(hSA-PSO)*** efficiencies of our proposed algorithms are evaluated by conducting experiments in terms of the network lifetime(first dead node,half dead nodes,and last dead node),energy consumption,packets to cluster head,and packets to the base *** experimental results were compared with those obtained using the Jaya optimization *** proposed algorithms exhibited the best *** proposed approach successfully prolongs the network lifetime by 71% for the PEAGSIS protocol,51% for the LEACh protocol,10% for the PE-LEACh protocol,and 73% for the PEGSIS-NN protocol;Moreover,it enhances other criteria such as energy conservation,fitness convergence,packets to cluster head,and packets to the base sta

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Rao algorithms optimization LEACh PEAGSIS

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Empirical model for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 126-132页

作者： Reddi Rani.L N.Sowmya k.N Sridhar h C.Manjunatha M.M.Armstrong Arasu Department of Physics St.Joseph's College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620002TNIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeChikkaballapur-562101KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeMalur-563160KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeDevanahalli-562110KarnatakaIndia

A new empirical formula for the astrophysical S-factor has been suggested as a function of the Coulomb interaction parameter,center of mass energy,and barrier *** 22 fusion reactions with ^(40,48)Ca as projectiles were considered for different targets,leading to compound nuclei with atomic and mass numbers varying between 40≤Z≤≤Z≤112 and 88≤A≤27888≤A≤278,*** fusion cross-sections have been estimated using the geometric factor,the Gamow-Sommerfield factor,and the empirical formula for the *** study's findings showed better agreement with those of available experiments when compared to Wong's *** present work leads to a smaller standard deviation value than Wong's formula when used to correlate the experimental data of calcium-induced fusion ***'s formula provides a good approximation of fusion cross-sections when the center of mass energy is below the fusion barrier when compared to above the fusion barrier.

关键词： fusion cross-sections Wong formula Gamow-Sommerfield-factor Geometric-factor S-factor

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Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： h.M.FEIZABAD M.h.YAS Department of Mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM)

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Construction of coal pitch-based hA-k grafted poly condensates and their excellent anti-temperature and viscosity-reducing properties

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2806-2816页

作者： Jing Tan Wei Zhang Xiu-Ling Yan hao Zhou Sher Bahadar khan Seitkhan Azat Shi-You Yan hao-Jie Ma Xin-Tai Su Xinjiang key Laboratory of Clean Conversion and high Value Utilization of Biomass Resources College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yili Normal University School of Environment and Energy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling South China University of Technology Drilling Fluid Branch of CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Limited Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University PO Box 80203 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Urumchi huatailong Chemical Additives Co. Ltd.

humic acids(hAs) are widely used as filtrate and viscosity reducers in drilling fluids. however, their practical utility is limited due to poor stability in salt resistance and high-temperature resistance. hightemperature coal pitch(CP) is a by-product from coal pyrolysis above 650.C. The substance's molecular structure is characterized by a dense arrangement of aromatic hydrocarbon and alkyl substituents. This unique structure gives it unique chemical properties and excellent drilling performance, surpassing traditional humic acids in drilling operations. Potassium humate is prepared from CP(CP-hA-k) by thermal catalysis. A new type of high-quality humic acid temperature-resistant viscosity-reducer(Graft CP-hA-k polymer) is synthesized with CP-hA-k, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile sodium salt(Na-hPAN),urea, formaldehyde, phenol and acrylamide(AAM) as raw materials. The experimental results demonstrate that the most favorable conditions for the catalytic preparation of CP-hA-k are 1 wt% catalyst dosage, 30 wt% kOh dosage, a reaction temperature of 250.C, and a reaction time of 2 h, resulting in a maximum yield of CP-hA-k of 39.58%. The temperature resistance of the Graft CP-hA-k polymer is measured to be 177.39.C, which is 55.39.C higher than that of commercial hA-k. This is due to the abundant presence of amide, hydroxyl, and amine functional groups in the Graft CP-hA-k polymer,which increase the length of the carbon chains, enhance the electrostatic repulsion on the surface of solid particles. After being aged to 120.C for a specified duration, the Graft CP-hA-k polymer demonstrates significantly higher viscosity reduction(42.12%) compared to commercial hA-k(C-hA-k). Furthermore,the Graft CP-hA-k polymer can tolerate a high salt concentration of 8000 mg.L-1, measured after the addition of optimum amount of 3 wt% Graft CP-hA-k polymer. The action mechanism of Graft CP-hA-k polymer on high-temperature drilling fluid is that the Graft CP-hA-k polymer can increase the re

关键词： Viscosity breaker heat resistance Base mud Graft CP-hA-k polymer CP Salt resistance

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highly Active Interfacial Sites in SFT-SnO_(2) heterojunction Electrolyte for Enhanced Fuel Cell Performance via Engineered Energy Bands:Envisioned Theoretically and Experimentally

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 384-397页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal hanif Faiz Wali Zuhra Tayyab Bin Zhu Naveed Mushtaq Yatao Yang kashif khan Peter D.Lund Martin Motola Wei Xu College of Electronic and Information Engineering and State key Laboratory of Radio frequency heterogeneous Integration Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in BratislavaIlkovicova 684215BratislavaSlovakia College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNo.2 Si Pai LouNanjing 210096China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China New Energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of ScienceP.O.Box 15100Fl-00076AaltoEspoo Finland

Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical *** this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel ***(n-type;SnO_(2))plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3-δ)(SFT)semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic ***,two different composites of SFT and SnO_(2)are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO_(2),where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO_(2)(6∶4)heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm^(-1)with power-output of 1004 mW cm^(-2)and high OCV 1.12 V at a low operational temperature of 500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO_(2)heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell ***,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO_(2)heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting ***,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of SFT-SnO_(2).This strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.

关键词： high ionic conductivity interfacial conduction modulated energy band structure p-n heterojunction semiconductors

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Optimization of chemistry and process parameters for control of intermetallic formation in Mg sludges

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1431-1448页

作者： Y.Fu G.G.Wang A.hu Y.Li k.B.Thacker J.P.Weiler h.hu Department of Mechanical Automotive and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Windsor401 Sunset AveWindsorOntario N9B 3P4Canada Global Technology Centre Meridian Lightweight Technologies25 MacNab AveStrathroyOntario N7G 4H6Canada

Intermetallic formation in sludge during magnesium(Mg)melting,holding and high pressure die casting practices is a very important ***,very often it is overlooked by academia,original equipment manufacturers(OEM),metal ingot producers and even die *** aim of this study was to minimize the intermetallic formation in Mg sludge via the optimization of the chemistry and process *** Al8Mn5 intermetallic particles were identified by the microstructure analysis based on the Al and Mn *** design of experiment(DOE)technique,Taguchi method,was employed to minimize the intermetallic formation in the sludge of Mg alloys with various chemical compositions of Al,Mn,Fe,and different process parameters,holding temperature and holding *** sludge yield(SY)and intermetallic size(IS)was selected as two *** optimum combination of the levels in terms of minimizing the intermetallic formation were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,690℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 30 mins for the holding time,*** best combination for smallest intermetallic size were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,630℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 60 mins for the holding time,*** groups of sludge factors,Chemical Sludge(CSF),Physical Sludge(PSF)and Comprehensive Sludge Factors(and CPSF)were established for prediction of sludge yields and intermetallic sizes in Al-containing Mg *** CPSF with five independent variables including both chemical elements and process parameters gave high accuracy in prediction,as the prediction of the PSF with only the two processing parameters of the melt holding temperature and time showed a relatively large deviation from the experimental *** Chemical Sludge Factor was primarily designed for small ingot producers and die casters with a limited melting and holding capacity,of which process parameters could be fixed *** Physical Sludge Factor could be used f

关键词： Magnesium sludge Al-Mn intermetallic Optimization Taguchi method Sludge factor Chemical composition Process parameter

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