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Analysis of shower particle pseudorapidity spectra in interactions of relativistic Au and Pb ions with emulsion nuclei

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Chinese Physics C 2011年第12期35卷 1095-1099页

作者： B.Z.Belashev M.k.Suleymanov S.Vokál J.Vrláková M.Ajaz Ali Zaman k.h.khan Z.Wazir Institute of Geology Karelian Research Center Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petrozavodsk Russia COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Physics Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of high Energy Physics JINR Dubna 141980 Russia P. J. afárik University Koice Slovakia

The pseudorapidity spectra of fast particles （with β 〉 0.7） produced in Au （at 11.6 A GeV） and Pb （at 158 A GeV） induced collisions with emulsion （Em） nuclei contain some visual plateaus and shoulders. The plateau is wider for Pb＋Em reactions compared with the Au＋Em ones. The existence of a plateau is expected for parton models. The Fourier transformation and maximum entropy methods were used to get additional information about the plateaus. The dependence of the plateaus on the centrality of the collisions was also studied using the number of g-particles to fix centrality. It shows that the maximum entropy method could confirm the existence of the plateau and the shoulder on distributions.

关键词： pseudorapidity spectra s-particles g-particles centrality Fourier transformation maximum entropy

Failure pattern in ceramic metallic target under ballistic impact

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 173-190页

作者： M.A.Iqbal M.k.khan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India Department of Civil Engineering Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India

The ballistic resistance and failure pattern of a bi-layer alumina 99.5%-aluminium alloy 1100-h12 target against steel 4340 ogival nosed projectile has been explored in the present experimental cum numerical *** the experimental investigation,damage induced in the ceramic layer has been quantified in terms of number of cracks developed and failure zone *** resultant damage in the backing layer has been studied with variation in the bulge and perforation hole in the backing layer with the varying incidence *** discussion of the experimental results has been further followed by three dimensional finite element computations using ABAQUS/Explicit finite code to investigate the behaviour of different types of bi-layer targets under multi-hit projectile *** Jh-2 constitutive model has been used to reproduce the behaviour of alumina 99.5%and JC constitutive model has been used for steel 4340 and aluminium alloy *** total energy dissipation has been noted to be of lesser magnitude in case of sub-sequential impact in comparison to simultaneous impact of two *** distance between the impact points of two projectiles also effected the ballistic resistance of bi-layer *** ballistic resistance of single tile ceramic front layer and four tile ceramic of equivalent area found to be dependent upon the boundary conditions provided to the target.

关键词： Ballistic resistance Bi-layer target Ceramic metal armour Multi-hit impact Finite element modelling

Anticipating the lifespan: Predicting the durability of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell short stack over 50,000 h

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 606-613页

作者： Muhammad Zubair khan Amjad hussain Seung-Bok Lee Tak-hyoung Lim Rak-hyun Song Department of Materials Science & Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology hydrogen Energy Research Division Korea Institute of Energy Research Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering Korea University of Science and Technology (UST)

In the present study, the operational lifetime of a solid oxide fuel(SOFC) short stack is predicted by investigating the performance degradation of both the short stack and its cells throughout 1000 h at 800°C. The short stack and integral cell voltages are continuously measured during the long-term test, with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) conducted every 200 h. The short stack voltage decreased rapidly for the initial 200–300 h and afterwards, it decreased at a slow rate due to the increase in the Ohmic and polarization resistances in the same manner. Scanning electron microscopy results show that there is no delamination or cracking among constituent layers of the short-stack cells. The single degradation effects of the Ni coarsening in the anode, cation migration and surface segregation in cathode and oxide scale growth in metallic interconnect mesh are successfully integrated into a comprehensive lifetime prediction model. The experimentally measured voltage degradation data of the short stack fits well with the developed mathematical model and allows the successful prediction of the lifetime up to 50,000 h.

关键词： Degradation Impedance Lifetime SOFC Stack

Aqueous-phase reforming of hydroxyacetone solution to bio-based h_(2)over supported Pt catalysts

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 777-788页

作者： A.k.k.Vikla k.koichumanova Songbo he k.Seshan Joint International Research Laboratory of Circular Carbon Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China Faculty of Science and Technology University of Twente7500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands CoRe Pro 9723 BL GroningenThe Netherlands

Aqueous-phase reforming(APR)is an attractive process to produce bio-based hydrogen from waste biomass streams,during which the catalyst stability is often challenged due to the harsh reaction *** this work,three Pt-based catalysts supported on C,AlO(Oh),and ZrO_(2)were investigated for the APR of hydroxyacetone solution in afixed bed reactor at 225℃and 35 *** them,the Pt/C catalyst showed the highest turnover frequency for h_(2)production(TOF of 8.9 molh_(2)molPt^(-1)min^(-1))and the longest catalyst *** the AlO(Oh)and ZrO_(2)supported Pt catalysts,the side reactions consuming h_(2),formation of coke,and Pt sintering result in a low h_(2)production and the fast catalyst *** proposed reaction pathways suggest that a promising APR catalyst should reform all oxygenates in the aqueous phase,minimize the hydrogenation of the oxygenates,maximize the WGS reaction,and inhibit the condensation and coking reactions for maximizing the hydrogen yield and a stable catalytic performance.

关键词： APR hydroxyacetone TOF Bio-based h_(2) Support effect

The role of green industrial transformation in mitigating carbon emissions:Exploring the channels of technological innovation and environmental regulation

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第3期5卷 464-479页

作者： Saima Mehmood khalid Zaman Shiraz khan Zohaib Ali haroon ur Rashid khan Department of Economics The University of HaripurHaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620Pakistan Department of Management Sciences The University of HaripurHaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620Pakistan Department of Energy and Process Engineering(EPT) Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyHøgskoleringen 1Trondheim 7034Norway Faculty of Business The University of Wollongong in DubaiDubai 20183United Arab Emirates

The industrial sector is vital to economic progress,yet industrial pollution poses environmental and economic *** purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of green industrial transformation in re-ducing Pakistan’s carbon intensity between 1975 and *** emissions are considered an endogenous construct,while foreign direct investment(FDI)inflows,technological innovation,green industrial transforma-tion,environmental legislation,and research and development(R&D)investment are possible *** association between variables is assessed using the robust least-squares *** industrial transforma-tion is connected with lower carbon emissions,yet technical innovation,R&D investment,and inbound FDI raise a country’s carbon *** findings support the pollution haven hypothesis in a *** causality esti-mates indicate that inward FDI contributes to environmental regulations;green industrial transformation directly relates to inbound FDI and R&D expenditures;and technological innovations correspond to inbound FDI,R&D ex-penditures,industrial ecofriendly progression,and environmental *** to the impulse response function,environmental policies are anticipated to have a differential effect on carbon emissions in 2023,2024,2028-2030,while they are likely to decrease in the years 2025-2027 and 2031 ***,inward FDI and technology advancements would almost certainly result in a rise in carbon emissions over *** industrial transitions are projected to result in a ten-year reduction in carbon *** variance decomposi-tion analysis indicates that eco-friendly industrial adaptations would likely have the largest variance error shock on carbon emissions(11.747%),followed by inbound FDI,technological advancements,and regulatory changes,with R&D spending having a minimal impact over ***’s economy should foster a green industrial revolution to avoid pollution and increase environm

关键词： Carbon intensity Industrial green transformation Environmental regulations Technological innovations Robust least squares regression

Physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various farming systems of cold arid region in Balochistan,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2618-2630页

作者： khan Mehmood GUL Shamim kAkAR hidayatullah PANEZAI Sanaullah khan Nayab ZIAD Tariq NASEEM Mahrukh ShAhEEN Umbreen Department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111 Lakeshore Road Ste.Anne de BellevueQuébec H9X 3V9Canada Directorate of Agriculture Research Soil and Water TestingAgricultural Research InstituteQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan

Barshore is a small village in the Pishin District,Balochistan,Pakistan,with dry summers and cold rainy *** is an agrarian region,mostly with orchards of various fruit *** study investigated the physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various agricultural management practices of this *** concentrations of soil organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),nutrients,ph,electrical conductivity,soil texture,and the abundance and number of species of soil macrofauna of the agricultural fields were *** agricultural fields were *** fields were orchards of apple,apricot or the mixture of apple and apricot trees and one field was a cropland,cultivated with wheat as a *** orchards were under conservation agricultural practices;whereas,the cropland was under conventional *** agricultural lands were 2-26 years *** concentration of soil organic matter(SOM)in the upper 0-10 cm depth of these field sites ranged from 11.6 g kg^(-1)to 32.8 g kg^(-1)*** compared to cropland,orchards had significantly higher concentration of SOM and SOC.A total of 18 soil macrofauna species were found and the most common and abundant were ants(Monomorium minimum,Camponotus pennsylvanicus,Solenopsis invicta,and Lasius niger)followed by Arion ssp.(Brown Slug)and earthworm Lumbricus *** analysis revealed non-significant relationship of the age and the concentration of SOM with the number of macrofauna species and with the concentrations of total mineral nitrogen,bioavailable phosphorus and *** existence of ants had no relationship with the concentration of SOM;whereas,existence of Lumbricus terrestris tended to had a positive relationship with the concentration of *** field of tree-based intercropping system was 2 years of age since the land was converted from rangeland to a cropland,had two ant species *** indicates the positive influence of crop diversification on soil

关键词： Soil organic matter Macrofauna Land use history Tree-based intercropping Conservation agriculture

Fish-on-Chips:unveiling neural processing of chemicals in small animals through precise fluidic control

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2351-2353页

作者： Samuel k.h.Sy ho ko Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Li ka Shing Institute of health Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong IslandHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center Hong Kong Science ParkPak Shek KokNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Margaret k.L.Cheung Research Center for Management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Lau Tat-chuen Research Center of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Precise chemical cue presentation alongside advanced brainwide imaging techniques is important to the study of chemosensory processing in ***,the dynamic nature of chemical-carrying media,such as water or air,poses a significant challenge for delivering highly-controlled chemical flow to an animal ***,contact-based cue manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subject,which is often undesirable for high-quality brain ***,more advanced interfacing tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from micrometer-scale neurons to meter-long limbs,are much *** is particularly crucial when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reach of conventional experimental tools.

关键词： dealing precise sizes

Long Term X-Ray Spectral Variations of the Seyfert-1 Galaxy Mrk 279

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 307-314页

作者： k.Akhila Ranjeev Misra Savithri h.Ezhikode k.Jeena Department of Physics Providence Women’s CollegeUniversity of CalicutKerala 673009India Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics(IUCAA) PB No.4GaneshkhindPune 411007India Department of Physics and Electronics CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Hosur Main RoadBangalore 560029India

We present the results from a long term X-ray analysis of Mrk 279 during the period 2018–*** use data from multiple missions–AstroSat,NuSTAR and XMM-Newton,for the *** X-ray spectrum can be modeled as a double Comptonization along with the presence of neutral Fe kαline emission,at all *** determined the source’s X-ray flux and luminosity at these different *** find significant variations in the source’s flux *** also investigate the variations in the source’s spectral components during the observation *** find that the photon index and hence the spectral shape follow the variations only over longer time *** probe the correlations between fluxes of different bands and their photon indices,and found no significant correlations between the parameters.

关键词： galaxies:Seyfert galaxies:individual(Mrk 335) X-rays:galaxies

A new class of generalized quasi-variational inequalities with applications to Oseen problems under nonsmooth boundary conditions

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第2期67卷 315-338页

作者： Shengda Zeng Akhtar A.khan Stanislaw Migórski Guangxi Colleges and Universities key Laboratory of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing Yulin Normal UniversityYulin 537000China Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Jagiellonian University in Krak´owKrak´ow 30348Poland Center for Applied and Computational Mathematics School of Mathematical SciencesRochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNY 14623USA College of Sciences Beibu Gulf UniversityQinzhou 535000China

In this paper, we study a generalized quasi-variational inequality (GQVI for short) with twomultivalued operators and two bifunctions in a Banach space setting. A coupling of the Tychonov fixedpoint principle and the katutani-ky Fan theorem for multivalued maps is employed to prove a new existencetheorem for the GQVI. We also study a nonlinear optimal control problem driven by the GQVI and givesufficient conditions ensuring the existence of an optimal control. Finally, we illustrate the applicability of thetheoretical results in the study of a complicated Oseen problem for non-Newtonian fluids with a nonmonotone andmultivalued slip boundary condition (i.e., a generalized friction constitutive law), a generalized leak boundarycondition, a unilateral contact condition of Signorini’s type and an implicit obstacle effect, in which themultivalued slip boundary condition is described by the generalized Clarke subgradient, and the leak boundarycondition is formulated by the convex subdifferential operator for a convex superpotential.

关键词： generalized quasi-variational inequality existence theorem optimal control kakutani-ky Fan theorem Oseen problem non-Newtonian fluid nonmonotone slip boundary condition