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Efficient Simulation of Stationary Multivariate Gaussian Random Fields with Given Cross-Covariance

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第17期7卷 2183-2194页

作者： Jakob Teichmann karl-gerald van den boogaart Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology Freiberg Germany

The present paper introduces a new approach to simulate any stationary multivariate Gaussian random field whose cross-covariances are predefined continuous and integrable functions. Such a field is given by convolution of a vector of univariate random fields and a functional matrix which is derived by Cholesky decomposition of the Fourier transform of the predefined cross-covariance matrix. In contrast to common methods, no restrictive model for the cross-covariance is needed. It is stationary and can also be reduced to the isotropic case. The computational effort is very low since fast Fourier transform can be used for simulation. As will be shown the algorithm is computationally faster than a recently published spectral turning bands model. The applicability is demonstrated using a common numerical example with varied spatial correlation structure. The model was developed to support simulation algorithms for mineral microstructures in geoscience.

关键词： Image Processing Convolution Cross-Covariance Cholesky Decomposition Fourier Transformation

Room temperature synthesis of perylene diimides facilitated by high amic acid solubility

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第4期9卷 1090-1108页

作者： Markus C.kwakernaak Marijn koel Peter J.L.van den Berg Erik M.kelder Wolter F.Jager Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftThe Netherlands Department of Radiation Science and Technology/Reactor Institute Delft Delft University of Technology2629 JB DelftThe Netherlands

A novel protocol for the synthesis of perylene diimides(PDIs),by reacting perylene dianhydride(PDA)with aliphatic amines is *** conversions were obtained at temperatures between 20 and 60℃,using DBU as the base in DM... 详细信息

关键词： synthesis solubility anhydride

Understanding the Removal and Fate of Selected Drugs of Abuse in Sludge and Biosolids from Australian Wastewater Treatment Operations

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Engineering 2019年第5期5卷 872-879页

作者： Meena k.Yadav Cobus Gerber Christopher P.Saint Ben van den Akker Michael D.Short Natural and Built Environments Research Centre School of Natural and Built EnvironmentsUniversity of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia School of Pharmacy and Medical Science University of South AustraliaNorth TerraceSA 5000Australia Division of Information Technology Engineering and the EnvironmentUniversity of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Australian Water Quality Center AdelaideSA 5000Australia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

Illicit and pharmaceutical drugs are considered to be emerging contaminants of concern,and much research effort has gone into assessing their occurrence in ***,little information exists on their presence in treated sludge or *** this study,we examined sludge and biosolids from a large metropolitan wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)in Australia to determine the occurrence of five drugs of abuse,including benzoylecgonine as indicator of cocaine consumption,methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine(MDMA)as representative illicit stimulants,and codeine and morphine as pharmaceuticals with potential environmental *** samples were solid-phase extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS).Benzoylecgonine and MDMA were present in raw sludge but were notably degraded during solids treatment processes,and were not detected in the dewatered sludge(after treatment)or in ***,codeine,and morphine were detected in all biosolids samples at mean concentrations of 20–50 lg kg^-*** presence of these three drugs in biosolids shows that these compounds are relatively stable in the solids and in soil,and can persist in biosolids for at least several years.A simple environmental risk assessment based on estimated risk quotients(RQs)for these compounds indicated that the potential environmental risks associated with the land application of biosolids are very low at typical Australian biosolids application rates.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Biosolids Contamination Methamphetamine Sorption

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Flow in Rotating Diverging Channels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第2期19卷 115-119页

作者： R.A.van den Braembussche J.Prinsier A.Di Sante von karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics Turbomachinery and Propulsion Department Waterloose steenweg presently at ALSTOM POWER Steam Turbines R&D Brown Boveri Strasse 7

This paper reports on an experimental and numerical study at low Reynolds number in order to evaluate the influence of the Coriolis forces on the flow in radial rotating *** conditions correspond to the flow in radial impellers for micro gasturbine applications.A comparison of detailed flow measurements with CFD results indicates that Navier Stokes solvers with standard k-ω and SST turbulence models predict the flow surprisingly well and that no extra corrections for Coriolis forces are required at these operating

关键词：数值研究旋转流场实验科里奥利力频道微型燃气轮机流量测量低雷诺数

Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 with acriflavine sensitizes hypoxic tumor cells to photodynamic therapy with zinc phthalocyanine-encapsulating cationic liposomes

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Nano Research 2016年第6期9卷 1639-1662页

作者： Mans Broekgaarden Ruud Weijer Massis krekorian Bas van den IJssel Milan kos Lindy k. Alles Albert C. van Wijk1 Zsolt Bikadi Eszter Hazai Thomas M. van Gulik Michal Heger Department of Experimental Surgery Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 9 1105 AZ Amsterdam the Netherlands Virtua Drug Ltd. Csalogany 4C H-1015 Budapest Hungary

Photodynamic therapy （PDT） is a tumor treatment modality in which a tumor- localized photosensitizer is excited with light, which results in local production of reactive oxygen species, destruction of tumor vasculature, tumor hypoxia, tumor cell death, and induction of an anti-tumor immune response. However, pre-existing tumor hypoxia may desensitize tumors to PDT by activating the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 （HIF-1） survival pathway. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibition of HIF-1 with acriflavine （ACF） would exacerbate cell death in human epidermoid carcinoma （A431） cells. PDT of A431 tumor cells was per- formed using newly developed and optimized PEGylated cationic liposomes containing the photosensitizer zinc phthalocyanine （ZnPC）. Molecular docking revealed that ACF binds to the dimerization domain of HIF-la, and confocal microscopy confirmed translocation of ACF from the cytosol to the nucleus under hypoxia. HIF-1 was stabilized in hypoxic, but not normoxic, A431 cells following PDT. Inhibition of HIF-1 with ACF increased the extent of PDT-induced cell death under hypoxic conditions and reduced the expression of the HIF-1 target genes VEGF, PTGS2, and EDN1. Moreover, co-encapsulation of ACF in the aqueous core of ZnPC-containing liposomes yielded an adjuvant effect on PDT efficacy that was comparable to non-encapsulated ACF. In conclusion, HIF-1 contributes to A431 tumor cell survival following PDT with liposomal ZnPC. Inhibition of HIF-1 with free or liposomal ACF improves PDT efficacy.

关键词： cancer therapy confocal microscopy drug delivery system glucose metabolism hypoxia

Vibrational properties of silicene and germanene

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Nano Research 2013年第1期6卷 19-28页

作者： Emilio Scalise Michel Houssa Geoffrey Pourtois B. van den Broek Valery Afanas'ev andAndr Stesmans Semiconductor Physics Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200 D B-3001 Leuven Belgium IMEC 75 Kapeldreef B-3001 Leuven Belgium Department of Chemistry PLASMANTresearch group University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp Belgium

The structural and vibrational properties of two-dimensional hexagonal silicon (silicene) and germanium (germanene) are investigated by means of first-principles calculations. It is predict that the silicene (germanene) structure with a small buckling of 0.44 Å (0.7 Å) and bond lengths of 2.28 Å (2.44 Å) is energetically the most favorable, and it does not exhibit imaginary phonon mode. The calculated non-resonance Raman spectra of silicene is characterized by a main peak at about 575 cm−1, namely the G-like peak. For germanene, the highest peak is at about 290 cm−1. Extensive calculations on armchair silicene nanoribbons and armchair germanene nanoribbons are also performed, with and without hydrogenation of the edges. The studies reveal other Raman peaks mainly distributed at lower frequencies than the G-like peak which could be attributed to the defects at the edges of the ribbons, thus not present in the Raman spectra of non-defective silicene and germanene. Particularly the Raman peak corresponding to the D mode is found to be located at around 515 cm−1 for silicene and 270 cm−1 for germanene. The calculated G-like and the D peaks are likely the fingerprints of the Raman spectra of the low-buckled structures of silicene and germanene.

关键词：振动性能第一性原理计算结构屈曲拉曼光谱共振喇曼光谱振动性质声子模式纳米带

Taxonomy of Ochroconis, genus including opportunistic pathogens on humans and animals

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第2期65卷 89-126页

作者： k.Samerpitak E.van der Linde H.-J.Choi A.H.G.Gerrits van den Ende M.Machouart C.Gueidan G.S.de Hoog CBS-kNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre UtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Mycology Unit Biosystematics ProgrammePlant Protection Research InstituteAgricultural Research CouncilPretoriaSouth Africa Evangelisches und Johanniter klinikum Niederrhein DuisburgGermany Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie CHU de BraboisVandœuvre-lès-NancyFrance Department Life Sciences Division of Microbial&Genomic DiversityNatural History MuseumLondonUK Peking University Health Science Center Research Center for Medical MycologyBeijingChina Sun-Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Second Medical Military University ShanghaiChina

The genus Ochroconis(Sympoventuriaceae,Venturiales)is revised and currently contains 13 species for which the phylogenetic position has been determined using multilocus *** older generic name Scolecobasidium is considered to be of doubtful identity because the type specimen is *** the Ochroconis lineage,phylogenetic distances of all markers analyzed are exceptionally large,both between and within species.A new genus Verruconis is proposed for the neurotropic opportunist Ochroconis *** accepted within the lineages are keyed out on the basis of phenotypic *** ecological traits within each species are *** species are thermophilic and one of them is an important agent of infection in the brain,while Ochroconis is mesophilic,several species causing infections in cold-blooded animals.

关键词： Taxonomy Ecology Thermophilic fungi Human infection Avian pathogen Fish pathogen Neurotropism

Fabrication of freestanding Pt nanowires for use as thermal anemometry probes in turbulence measurements

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第2期7卷 155-165页

作者： Hai Le-The Christian küchler Albert van den Berg Eberhard Bodenschatz Detlef Lohse Dominik krug Physics of Fluids Group MESA+InstituteUniversity of Twente7522 NBEnschedeThe Netherlands BIOS Lab-on-a-Chip Group MESA+InstituteUniversity of Twente7522 NBEnschedeThe Netherlands Max Planck-University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics GöttingenGermany Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization 37077GöttingenGermany

We report a robust fabrication method for patterning freestanding Pt nanowires for use as thermal anemometry probes for small-scale turbulence *** e-beam lithography,high aspect ratio Pt nanowires(~300 nm width,~70µm length,~100 nm thickness)were patterned on the surface of oxidized silicon(Si)*** wet etching processes with dry etching processes,these Pt nanowires were successfully released,rendering them freestanding between two silicon dioxide(SiO2)beams supported on Si ***,the unique design of the bridge holding the device allowed gentle release of the device without damaging the Pt *** total fabrication time was minimized by restricting the use of e-beam lithography to the patterning of the Pt nanowires,while standard photolithography was employed for other parts of the *** demonstrate that the fabricated sensors are suitable for turbulence measurements when operated in constant-current mode.A robust calibration between the output voltage and the fluid velocity was established over the velocity range from 0.5 to 5 m s−1 in a SF6 atmosphere at a pressure of 2 bar and a temperature of 21°*** sensing signal from the nanowires showed negligible drift over a period of several ***,we confirmed that the nanowires can withstand high dynamic pressures by testing them in air at room temperature for velocities up to 55 m s−1.

关键词： nanowires turbulence thermal

Phylogenetic placement of lichenicolous Phoma species in the Phaeosphaeriaceae(Pleosporales,Dothideomycetes)

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第4期55卷 195-213页

作者： James D.Lawrey Paul Diederich Matthew P.Nelsen Colin Freebury Dries van den Broeck Masoumeh Sikaroodi Damien Ertz Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University4400 University DriveFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Musée national d’histoire naturelle 25 rue MunsterL-2160 LuxembourgLuxembourg Committee on Evolutionary Biology University of Chicago1025 E.57th StreetChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Botany The Field Museum1400 S.Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605USA Canadian Museum of Nature P.O.Box 3443Station DOttawaON K1P 6P4Canada Jardin Botanique National de Belgique Domaine de BouchoutB–1860 MeiseBelgium

More than twenty species of lichenicolous fungi have been described in Phoma,a large anamorphic genus of primarily plant-associated pathogens with broad geographic *** obtained nuclear and mitochondrial rDNA sequences from 19 fungal cultures isolated from specimens representing four described and two undescribed lichenicolous species in the *** multilocus phylogeny indicates that lichenicolous Phoma species represent at least two phylogenetically distinct clades in the Phaeosphaeriaceae,one including a new species,Phoma puncteliae,isolated from a specimen of Punctelia rudecta collected inMaryland,USA,and another group of primarily lichenicolous *** latter group includes four described lichenicolous Phoma species,an unidentified melanized rock fungus,and a new lichenicolous Phoma species isolated from Xanthomendoza species collected in Canada that we are naming *** specimens in this clade collected from different lichen genera and species were found to be very similar genetically,which calls into question the recent practice of recognizing lichenicolous Phoma species mainly by differences in host preference.

关键词： Anamorphic fungi Coelomycetes Conidial fungi Parasitic fungi