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Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.Carter M.dunlop C.Forsyth k.Oksavik E.donovon A.kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear d.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor k.McWilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes d.d.Billet G.Chisham A.dimmock M.P.freeman d.-S.Han M.d.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-J.Hu M.k.James L.Juusola k.kauristie E.A.kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick k.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern Hemisphere *** these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE ***,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online SMILE data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conjunctions missions

Exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani Greg Stahl kerry Johnson Scott Goade Robert d.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAd)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAd as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAd would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAd,we used International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAd alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

Use of the tumor necrosis factor-blockers for Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第35期18卷 4823-4854页

作者： Alan BR Thomson Milli Gupta Hugh J freeman division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of Western Ontario department of Medicine University of Alberta department of Medicine University of British Columbia

The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy for inflammatory bowel disease represents the most important advance in the care of these patients since the publication of the National Co-operative Crohn＇s disease study thirty years ago. The recommendations of numerous consensus groups worldwide are now supported by a wealth of clinical trials and several meta-analyses. In general, it is suggested that tumor necrosis factor-c~ blockers （TNFBs） are indicated （1） for persons with moderately-severe Crohn＇s disease or ulcerative colitis （UC） who have failed two or more causes of glucocorticosteroids and an acceptably long cause （8 wk to 12 wk） of an immune modulator such as azathioprine or methotrexate; （2） non-responsive perianal disease; and （3） severe UC not responding to a 3-d to 5-d course of steroids. Once TNFBs have been introduced and the patient is responsive, therapy given by the IV and SC rate must be continued. It remains open to definitive evidence if concomitant immune modulators are required with TNFB maintenance ther- apy, and when or if TNFB may be weaned and discon- tinued. The supportive evidence from a single study on the role of early versus later introduction of TNFB in the course of a patient＇s illness needs to be confirmed. The risk/benefit profile of TNFB appears to be accept- able as long as the patient is immunized and tested for tuberculosis and viral hepatitis before the initiation of TNFB, and as long as the long-term adverse effects on the development of lymphoma and other tumors do not prone to be problematic. Because the rates of ben- efits to TNFB are modest from a population perspec- tive and the cost of therapy is very high, the ultimate application of use of TNFBs will likely be established by cost/benefit studies.

关键词： Adalimumab Adverse effects Certolizum-ab pegol Crohn's disease Economic evaluation Inflix-imab Secondary lack of response Ulcerative colitis

Exploring novel target structures for manipulating relativistic laser–plasma interaction

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 63-71页

作者： Liangliang Ji Sheng Jiang Alexander Pukhov Richard freeman kramer Akli physics department The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA State key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Collaborative Innovation Center oflFSA(CICIFSA) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institut fur Theoretische PhysikⅠ Heinrieh-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf40225 DusseldorfGermany

The improved laser-to-pedestal contrast ratio enabled by current high-power laser pulse cleaning techniques allows the fine features of the target survive before the main laser pulse arrives. We propose to introduce the nano-fabrication technologies into laser–plasma interaction to explore the novel effects of micro-structures. We found out that not only laser-driven particle sources but also the laser pulse itself can be manipulated by specifically designed micro-cylinder and-tube targets, respectively. The proposal was supported by full-3d particle-in-cell simulations and successful proofof-principle experiments for the first time. We believe this would open a way to manipulate relativistic laser–plasma interaction at the micro-size level.

关键词： electron acceleration laser–plasma interaction micro-structured targets

Using remotely sensed and climate data to predict the current and potential future geographic distribution of a bird at multiple scales: the case of Agelastes meleagrides, a western African forest endemic

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Avian Research 2019年第3期10卷 262-270页

作者： Benedictus freeman daniel Jiménez-García Benjamin Barca Matthew Grainger Biodiversity Institute University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Centro de Agroecoloía y Ambiente Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaPueblaMexico Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Gola Rainforest National ParkKailahunSierra Leone School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RUUK

Background:Understanding geographic distributions of species is a crucial step in spatial planning for biodiversity conservation, particularly as regards changes in response to global climate *** information is especially important for species of global conservation concern that are susceptible to the effects of habitat loss and climate change. In this study, we used ecological niche modeling to assess the current and future geographic distributional potential of *** Guineafowl (Agelastes meleagrides)(Vulnerable) across West Africa. Methods:We used primary occurrence data obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and national parks in Liberia and Sierra Leone, and two independent environmental datasets (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer normalized difference vegetation index at 250 m spatial resolution, and Worldclim climate data at 2.5' spatial resolution for two representative concentration pathway emissions scenarios and 27 general circulation models for 2050) to build ecological niche models in Maxent. Results: From the projections, *** Guineafowl showed a broader potential distribution across the region compared to the current IUCN range estimate for the species. Suitable areas were concentrated in the Gola rainforests in northwestern Liberia and southeastern Sierra Leone, the *** corridor in southeastern Liberia and southwestern Cote d'lvoire, and the Nimba Mountains in northern Liberia, southeastern Guinea, and northwestern Cote d'*** *** projections anticipated minimal range shifts in response to climate change. Conclusions: By combining remotely sensed data and climatic data, our results suggest that forest cover, rather than climate is the major driver of the species' current distribution. Thus, conservation efforts should prioritize forest protection and mitigation of other anthropogenic threats (*** pressure) affecting the species.

关键词： Climate change Conservation Conservation planning Ecological niche modeling Species distribution Upper Guinea Forest White-breasted Guineafowl

SELF-CONSISTENT ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES STUdIES OF MAGNETISM ANd SUPERCONdUCTIVITY IN CI5 COMPOUNdS: ZrZn2 ANd ZrV2

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Science China Mathematics 1987年第6期30卷 661-672页

作者：黄美纯,H.J.F.JANSEN,A.J.freeman department of Physics Xiamen University department of Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois U. S. A. department of Physics Northwestern University Evanstton Illinois and Center for Materials Science Los Alamos National Laboratory U. S. A.

The applications of the newly developed all-eleatron full potential linearized augmented plane wave （FLAPW） method for bulk in the electronic structure of the cubic Laves phase （C15） compound ZrZn2and ZrV2are presented and the results have been applied to the calculation and discussion of the magnetic and superconducting properties in these materials. The computations are performed in two states: （ⅰ） self-consistent warped muffin-tin and （ⅱ） self-consistent full potential with spinorbit coupling included after either stage. The effects of the inclusion of the non-spherlcal terms inside the muffin-tins on the eigenvalues is small, of order 1 mRy. However, as some of the bands near the EFare flat, this effect could become noticeable in the value of dOS at EF. The most important difference between the materials ZrZn2and ZrV is the position of the d-bands derived from the Zn and V *** results for superconducting transition temperature for these materials are much improved compared to the ea

关键词： LMT LAPW SELF-CONSISTENT ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES STUdIES OF MAGNETISM ANd SUPERCONdUCTIVITY IN CI5 COMPOUNdS

Cosmic-ray exposure age of Martian meteorite GRV 99027

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第10期50卷 1521-1524页

作者： d. FABEL R. BROWN S. freeman department of Geographical and Earth Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ Scotland UK Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre Rankine Avenue Scottish Enterprise Technology Park East Kilbride G75 0QF Scotland UK

We have determined the concentrations of 10Be and 26Al in GRV 99027 recovered by the 16th Chinese Antarctic expedition team, which are 14.1 ± 0.6 dpm/kg and 67.5 ± 3.4 dpm/kg, respectively. From the concentration of 10Be, we calculate a cosmic-ray exposure age of 4.4 ± 0.6 Ma for GRV 99027. The concentration of 26Al is too high compared to the 10Be exposure age, indicating extra production from solar ray. The exposure ages, petrologic and geochemical characteristics of mantle-derived Martian meteorites GRV 99027, LEW 88516, Y-793605, NWA 1950 and ALHA77005 are very similar, suggesting that these meteorites most probably were ejected from Mars in the same impact event.

关键词： GRV 99027, Martian meteorite, cosmic ray, exposure age, Mars

南极格罗夫山火星陨石GRV 99027的宇宙射线暴露年龄

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中国科学（d辑） 2007年第8期37卷 1020-1023页

作者：孔屏 d.Fabel R.Brown S.freeman 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室中国科学院青藏高原研究所北京100085 department of Geographical and Earth Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQScotlandUK Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre Rankine AvenueScottish Enterprise Technology ParkEast Kilbride G75 0QFScotlandUK

中国第16次南极考察队回收的GRV 99027的宇宙成因核素10Be和26Al的含量分别为(14.1±0.6)和(67.5±3.4)dpm/kg,从10Be的含量计算出GRV 99027的宇宙线暴露年龄为(4.4±0.6)Ma,而其过高的26Al的含量表明来自太阳射线的影响.幔源火星陨石GR... 详细信息

中国第16次南极考察队回收的GRV 99027的宇宙成因核素10Be和26Al的含量分别为(14.1±0.6)和(67.5±3.4)dpm/kg,从10Be的含量计算出GRV 99027的宇宙线暴露年龄为(4.4±0.6)Ma,而其过高的26Al的含量表明来自太阳射线的影响.幔源火星陨石GRV 99027,LEW 88516,Y-793605,NWA 1950和ALHA77005具有非常相近的宇宙线暴露年龄,再加上极为相似的矿物学和地球化学特征,说明它们极有可能来自火星上的同一次撞击事件.

关键词： GRV 99027 火星陨石宇宙线暴露年龄火星

Creation of an optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound model for Neuro ICU education

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Military Medical Research 2021年第1期8卷 116-120页

作者： Heidi M.Felix kristin A.Rosenbush Amy M.Lannen Robert A.Pooley Jason L.Siegel Benjamin L.Brown Melissa L.Mc Mullan Christina I.Collins William d.freeman J.Wayne and delores Barr Weaver Simulation Center Mayo Clinic4500 San Pablo RoadJacksonvilleFL 32224USA division of Medical Physics Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA department of Critical Care Medicine Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA department of Neurology Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA department of Radiology Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA department of Nursing Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA

Background: Using ultrasound to measure optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSd) is an emerging bedside technique to noninvasively assess intracranial pressure(ICP) in patients with brain injury. This technique is unique among bedside ultrasonography and is often performed by providers who have no formal ultrasound training. We sought to create a low-cost, 3 d, reusable ONSd model to train neurology, neurosurgery, and critical care providers in measuring ***: We identified 253 articles, of which 15 were associated with models and 2 with simulation. One gelatin model was reported, upon which we based our initial design. We could not validate the visual findings of this model;however, after constructing multiple beta models, the design most representative of human eye anatomy was a globe made of ballistics gel and either a 3 mm, 5 mm, or 7 mm×50 mm 3 d-printed optic nerve inserted into a platform composed of ballistics gel, all of which sat inside a 3 d-printed skull. This model was used to teach ONSd measurements with ultrasound at a continuing medical education event prior to training on a live human ***: A simple 3 d ballistic ONSd model allows learners to practice proper hand placement and pressure, basic landmarks, and ONSd measurement prior to operating on a human eye. This model is replicable and sustainable given that the globe and platform are composed of ballistics gel.

关键词： Intracranial pressure Simulation Task trainer Ultrasound