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Surface N balances and reactive N loss to the environment from global intensive agricultural production systems for the period 1970-2030

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 767-779页

作者： A.F.Bouwman G.van Drecht k.w.van der hoek Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency National Institute for Public Health and the Environment P.O.Box 13720 BA BilthovenThe Netherlands Laboratory for Environmental Monitoring National Institute for Public Health and the Environment P.O.Box 13720 BA BilthovenThe Netherlands

Data for the historical years 1970 and 1995 and the FAO-Agriculture Towards 2030 projection are used to calculate N inputs (N fertilizer, animal manure, biological N fixation and atmospheric deposition) and the N export from the field in harvested crops and grass and grass consumption by grazing animals. In most industrialized countries we see a gradual increase of the overall N recovery of the intensive agricultural production systems over the whole 1970-2030 period. In contrast, low N input systems in many developing countries sustained low crop yields for many years but at the cost of soil fertility by depleting soil nutrient pools. In most developing countries the N recovery will increase in the coming decades by increasing efficiencies of N use in both crop and livestock production systems. The surface balance surplus of N is lost from the agricultural system via different pathways, including NH3 volatilization, denitrification, N2O and NO emissions, and nitrate leaching from the root zone. Global NH3-N emissions from fertilizer and animal manure application and stored manure increased from 18 to 34 Tg·yr-1 between 1970 and 1995, and will further increase to 44 Tg·yr-1 in 2030. Similar developments are seen for N2O-N (2.0 Tg·yr-1 in 1970, 2.7 Tg·yr-1 in 1995 and 3.5 Tg·yr-1 in 2030) and NO-N emissions (1.1 Tg·yr-1 in 1970, 1.5Tg·yr-1 in 1995 and 2.0 Tg·yr-1 in 2030).

关键词： surface N balances reactive N loss global intensive agricultural system.

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Global and Regional Surface Nitrogen Balances in Intensive Agricultural Production Systems for the Period 1970-2030

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Pedosphere 2005年第2期15卷 137-155页

作者： A. F. BOUwMAN G.van DRECHT k. w. van der hoek Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency Netherlands Environmental Assessment AgencyLaboratory for Environmental Monitoring National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentP .O. Box 13720 BA Bilthoven (The Netherlands)National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentP .O. Box 13720 BA Bilthoven (The Netherlands)National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentP. O. Box 13720 BA Bilthoven (The Netherlands)

Global nitrogen (N) budgets for intensive agricultural systems were compiled for a 0.5 by 0.5 degree resolution. These budgets include N inputs (N fertilizer, animal manure, biological N fixation and atmospheric N deposition) and outputs (N removal from the field in harvested crops and grass and grass consumption by grazing animals, ammonia volatilization,denitrification and leaching). Data for the historical years 1970 and 1995 and a projection for 2030 were used to study changes in the recovery of N and the different loss terms for intensive agricultural systems. The results indicate that the overall system N recovery and fertilizer use efficiency slowly increased in the industrialized countries between 1970 and 1995, the values for developing countries have decreased in the same period. For the coming three decades our results indicate a rapid increase in both the industrialized and developing countries. High values of ＞ 80% for fertilizer use efficiency may be related to surface N balance deficits, implying a depletion of soil N and loss of soil fertility. The projected intensification in most developing countries will cause a gradual shift from deficits to surpluses in the coming *** projected fast growth of crop and livestock production, and intensification and associated increase in fertilizer inputs will cause a major increase in the surface N balance surplus in the coming three decades. This implies increasing losses of N compounds to air (ammonia, nitrous oxide and nitric oxide), and groundwater and surface water (nitrate).

关键词： animal manure fertilizer intensive agriculture nitrogen surface balance

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Toward Carbon-Neutral water Systems:Insights from Global Cities

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Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 77-85页

作者： ka Leung Lam Gang Liu Anne Marieke Motelica-wagenaar Jan Peter van der hoek Division of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China waternet Amsterdam 1096 ACNetherlands Department of water Management Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNNetherlands

Many cities have pledged to achieve carbon *** urban water industry can also contribute its share to a carbon-neutral *** a multi-city time-series analysis approach,this study aims to assess the progress and lessons learned from the greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions management of urban water systems in four global cities:Amsterdam,Melbourne,New York City,and *** cities are advanced in setting GHG emissions reduction targets and reporting GHG emissions in their water *** four cities have reduced the GHG emissions in their water industries,compared with those from more than a decade ago(i.e.,the latest three-year moving averages are 13%–32%lower),although the emissions have“rebounded”multiple times over the *** emissions reductions were mainly due to various engineering opportunities such as solar and mini-hydro power generation,biogas valorization,sludge digestion and incineration optimization,and aeration system *** cities have recognized the many challenges in reaching carbon-neutrality goals,which include fluctuating water demand and rainfall,more carbon-intensive flood-prevention and water-supply strategies,meeting new air and water quality standards,and revising GHG emissions accounting *** study has also shown that it is difficult for the water industry to achieve carbon neutrality on its own.A collaborative approach with other sectors is needed when aiming toward the city’s carbon-neutrality *** an approach involves expanding the usual system boundary of the water industry to externally tap into both engineering and non-engineering opportunities.

关键词： Urban water Greenhouse gas emissions Cities Climate change mitigation Carbon neutrality

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Osteopontin increases hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth in a CD44 dependant manner

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第26期18卷 3389-3399页

作者： Renee J Phillips karla J Helbig kylie H van der hoek Devanshi Seth Michael R Beard School of Molecular and Biomedical Science The University of Adelaide5000 AdelaideAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology 5000 AdelaideAustralia Drug Health Services Royal Prince Alfred Hospital2050 CamperdownAustralia

AIM:To investigate the role of osteopontin(OPN) and its splice variants in the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:The expression of OPN variants in HCC cell lines as well as HCC tissue samples and nontumour tissue was studied using polymerase chain *** variant cDNAs were cloned into a mammalian expression vector allowing both transient expression and the production of stable OPN expressing cell *** expression was studied in these cells using western blotting,immunofluoresnce and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.A CD44 blocking antibody and siRNA targeting of CD44 were used to examine the role of this receptor in the OPN stimulated cell growth observed in ***-7 cells stably expressing either OPN-A,-B or-C were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice to observe in vivo tumour *** of OPN mRNA and protein in these tumours was examined using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and ***:OPN is expressed in HCC in 3 forms,the full length OPN-A and 2 splice variants OPN-B *** variant expression was noted in HCC tissue as well as cognate surrounding cirrhotic liver *** of these OPN variants in the HCC derived cell line Huh-7 resulted in secretion of OPN into the culture *** of OPN conditioned media to na ve Huh-7 and HepG2 cells resulted in significant cell growth suggesting that all OPN variants can modulate cell proliferation in a paracrine *** the OPN mediated increase in cellular proliferation was dependent on CD44 as only CD44 positive cell lines responded to OPN conditioned media while siRNA knockdown of CD44 blocked the proliferative *** expression also increased the proliferation of Huh-7 cells in a subcutaneous nude mouse tumour model,with Huh-7 cells expressing OPN-A showing the greatest proliferative ***:This study demonstrates that OPN plays a significant role in the proliferation of HCC thro

关键词： Osteopontin Hepatocellular carcinoma CD44 antigen Nude mice Xenograft

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Taxation And Corruption In Transition Countries In Central And Eastern Europe

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公共经济与政策研究 2009年第1期 171-182页

作者： M. PETER van der hoek Erasmus University

This paper focuses on the relationship between taxation and corruption in transition countries in Central and Eastern Europe. It seems plausible that negative relationships exist between corruption and tax effort and between corruption and foreign direct investments. However,research regarding corruption faces serious measurement problems due to the phenomenon’s very nature. A preliminary look at the available data provides some weak empirical evidence of a possible relationship between tax effort and corruption on the one hand and between foreign direct investments and corruption on the other. Further research into these subjects seems warranted.

关键词： tax capacity tax effort corruption

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MicroRNA signatures in chemotherapy resistant esophageal cancer cell lines

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14904-14912页

作者： Richard Hummel Corina Sie David I watson Tingting wang Alfiya Ansar Michael Z Michael Mark van der hoek Joerg Haier Damian J Hussey Department of Surgery Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia Department of General and Visceral Surgery University of Muenster 48149 Muenster Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Flinders University 5042 Bedford Park South Australia Australia Adelaide Microarray Centre SA Pathology 5000 Adelaide South Australia Australia Comprehensive Cancer Centre University of Muenster 48149 Muenster Germany

AIM: To investigate expression of microRNA (miRNA) and potential targets in chemotherapy resistant esophageal cancer cell lines.

关键词： Esophageal cancer MicroRNA Chemotherapy Resistance Target

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Randomized Trial of Ciclosporin with 2-h Monitoring *** with Trough Monitoring in Liver Transplantation:DELTA Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第4期11卷 839-849页

作者： Bastian N.Ruijter Akin Inderson Aad Pvan den Berg Herold J.Metselaar Jeroen Dubbeld Maarten E.Tushuizen Robert J.Porte wojciech Polak Danny van der Helm Marjolein van Reeven Mar Rodriguez-Girondo Bart van hoek Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology LUMC Transplantation CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC Transplant InstituteErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands Department of Surgery LUMC Transplantation CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Section HPB Surgery and Liver TransplantationUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Division of HPB and Transplant SurgeryErasmus MC Transplant InstituteErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands Department of Biomedical Data Sciences Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands.

Background and Aims:Previous trials comparing cyclosporine and tacrolimus after liver transplantation(LT)showed conflicting *** used trough monitoring for cyclosporine(C0),leading to less accurate dosing than with 2-h monitoring(C2).Only one larger trial compared C2 with tacrolimus based on trough level(T0)after LT,with similar treated biopsy-proven acute rejection(tBPAR)and graft loss,while a smaller trial had less tBPAR with C2 compared to ***,it is still unclear which calcineurin inhibitor is preferred after *** aimed to demonstrate superior efficacy(tBPAR),tolerability,and safety of C2 or T0 after first ***:Patients after first LT were randomized to C2 or ***,patient-and graft survival,safety and tolerability were the main endpoints,with analysis by Fisher test,kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank ***:In intention-totreat analysis 84 patients on C2 and 85 on T0 were *** incidence of tBPAR C2 vs.T0 was 17.7%vs.8.4%at 3 months(p=0.104),and 21.9%vs.9.7%at 6 and 12 months(p=0.049).One-year cumulative mortality C2 vs.T0 was 15.5%vs.5.9%(p=0.049)and graft loss 23.8%vs.9.4%(p=0.015).Serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol was lower with T0 than with *** of diarrhea in T0 vs,C2 was 64%vs.31%(p≤0.001),with no other differences in safety and ***:In the first year after LT immunosuppression with T0 leads to less tBPAR and better patient-/re-transplant-free survival as compared to C2.

关键词： Adverse effects Ciclosporin Liver transplantation Outcome Randomized controlled trial Rejection Survival Renal function Tacrolimus

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Integration and Innovation of the Urban water Cycle： The waternet Experience

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第5期5卷 533-544页

作者： J.P. van der hoek J.A.M.H. Hofman T.C.R. van Someren Department of water Management Delft University of Technology Delft 2628 CN the Netherlands Strategic Centre Waternet Amsterdam 1096 AC the Netherlands kwR watercycle Research Institute Nieuwegein 3433 PE the Netherlands School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Ynnovate Hilversum 1213 LC 5the Netherlands

waternet is the first water cycle company in the Netherlands, responsible for drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and water system management and control in and around Amsterdam. waternet started on 1 January 2006 to overcome the disadvantages of the rather fragmented organisation of the Dutch public water sector. The water cycle concept offers better opportunities to meet the future challenges in the water sector. The first four years of operation of waternet show very promising results with respect to efficiency, customer orientation and quality improvement. To further develop the water cycle concept and to find sustainable solutions for the challenges the water sector is confronted with, waternet focuses on six strategic innovation areas the coming years： water resources and water system; closing the water cycle; sustainability; new sanitation concepts; new products and services; management innovations.

关键词： water cycle sustainable development water management water services.

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玻璃农场,斯海恩德尔,荷兰

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建筑技艺 2014年第7期20卷 94-101页

作者：赵欣 winy Jacob Nathalie Allard van der hoek MVRDV

斯海恩德尔的市场广场曾在第二次世界大战中遭到破坏，并经历过多次扩建和翻新。1980年，winy Maas写信建议在广场与教堂、市政厅和主要街道之间建造一个新的建筑物。2000年，市议会终于通过了这个提议，于是MVRDV提出了一系列解决方案... 详细信息

斯海恩德尔的市场广场曾在第二次世界大战中遭到破坏，并经历过多次扩建和翻新。1980年，winy Maas写信建议在广场与教堂、市政厅和主要街道之间建造一个新的建筑物。2000年，市议会终于通过了这个提议，于是MVRDV提出了一系列解决方案，来填补这个巨大广场中的空白。玻璃农场是MVRDV的第七个方案，之前提出的几套方案中还包含了一个剧院和其他各种设施建筑。广场周围的居民们都参与到了方案的选择中，期间还进行过好几次激烈的辩论，最终确定了现在的方案。这个完全由玻璃覆盖的1600m2的建筑包含了一系列的公共设施，如餐厅、商店和健身中心等。

关键词：玻璃农场第二次世界大战 MVRDV 荷兰公共设施建筑物 Maas

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THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FLOODING OF A DENSELY POPULATED POLder DISTRICT IN THE NETHERLANDS

THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FLOODING OF A DENSELY POPULATED ...

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第19届国际灌排大会

作者： Louis C.P.M.Stuyt Eline E.van der hoek Johan E.A.Reinders Ellen G.M.Hermans Menzo de Muinck keizer Centre for water and Climate （Cwk） Alterra Wageningen URP.O.Box 47NL-6700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands.

＜正＞Model studies into the consequences of flooding events are usually focused on damage to buildings, infrastructure, economic losses and casualties thus ignoring the risk of environmental damage. In this project, a model study was made to assess the environmental consequences of the release of pollutants during the flooding of a polder district in the Netherlands following a river dike breach. A conceptual framework was established for the sequence of events or ’chain reaction’ during a flood. A dike breach is formed, the scour of the flood waters and/or high water levels may damage or destroy objects like homes, industrial complexes and farms;damaged objects release hazardous substances that will be dispersed in the flood waters including suspended matter and the released chemicals will affect people and ecosystems in the inundated area. The analyses were made in the 50,000 ha case study area ’krimpen’, located in the western Netherlands near the cities of Rotterdam, Delft and The Hague. The simulated period of flooding was ten days. The failure of objects where hazardous chemicals are stocked was linked to water height and velocity. The release and migration of pollutants like volatile aromatics, germs, sum PAH, PCB, LNAPL, DNAPL, heavy metals, nutrients and pesticides was simulated with an innovative, integrated modelling tool. The assessed impact of the pollutants on the environment was found to be substantial. Small yet numerous sources like cars may release substantial amounts of toxic chemicals to the flood waters and suspended sediments during and after the flood, while large installations like chemical plants only give problems near the dike breach where high flow velocities prevail. The simulated concentrations of toxic substances frequently exceeded the legal threshold levels.

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