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Assessing stakeholders'perceptions and values towards social-ecological systems using participatory methods

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Ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 31-42页

作者： Grace B Villamor Ignacio Palomo Cesar A Lopez santiago Elisa Oteros-Rozas Joe Hill Department of Ecology and Natural Resources Management Center for Development Research(ZEF)University of Bonn53113BonnGermany World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF) Jl.Situ Gede16115 BogorIndonesia Basque Centre for Climate Change(BC3) Alameda Urquijo 448008 BilbaoSpain Department of Ecology Social-Ecological Systems LaboratoryUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28049Spain Department of Political and Cultural Change Center for Development Research(ZEF)University of Bonn53113 BonnGermany

Introduction:Many conservation initiatives for managing social-ecological landscapes factor in the best available biophysical ***,insufficient consideration of social aspects can render such initiatives *** incorporating stakeholders'perceptions and values,and by involving stakeholders(transparently)in decision-making processes,conservation plans and efforts can better achieve desired goals and ***:In this paper,we present and analyze three case studies within different ecological and land use *** case study uses different participatory approaches to elicit stakeholders'perceptions and values,while seeking to involve stakeholders in the decision-making *** case studies are the following:(1)participatory scenario planning for a protected area in Doñana coastal wetland in Southwestern Spain;(2)assessment of ecosystem services trade-offs and social responses on rewards for agro-biodiversity in the rubber agroforest landscape in Jambi,Indonesia;and(3)socio-cultural evaluation,through visual stimuli,of ecosystem services provided by transhumance cultural landscapes in Central *** discuss how stakeholders perceive and value their environments and to what extent participatory approaches are useful for capturing information relating to land use and ecological ***:Social-ecological systems are inherently complex,having a variety of interacting actors with different types of ecological knowledge,interests,and *** participatory tools or approaches are appropriate for various and specific contexts and *** and integrating the various types of knowledge and values of different actors can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of social-ecological systems.

关键词： Actors Ecosystem services Ecological knowledge Social processes Socio-cultural valuation Values

Biometric and ICL-related risk factors associated to sub-optimal vaults in eyes implanted with implantable collamer lenses

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Eye and Vision 2021年第5期8卷 253-262页

作者： santiago Cerpa Manito Angel Sánchez Trancón Oscar Torrado Sierra António Manuel Baptista Pedro Miguel Serra Research and Development Department Ophthalmology Clinic Vista Sánchez TrancónBuilding TecnolaserRoom 14 Calle La Violeta06005 BadajozSpain Center of Physics University of MinhoBragaPortugal Optics and Optometry Department Instituto Superior de Educação e CiênciasLisbonPortugal

Background:To identify biometric and implantable collamer lens(ICL)-related risk factors associated with suboptimal postoperative vault in eyes implanted with phakic ***:This study reports a retrospective case series of the first operated eye in 360 patients implanted with myopic spherical or toric ***,white-to-white(WTW),central keratometry(kc)and central corneal thickness(CCT)were measured using the ***-segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT,Visante)was applied preoperatively for measuring the horizontal anterior-chamber angle-to-angle distance(ATA),internal anterior chamber depth(ACD),crystalline lens rise(CLR),anterior-chamber angle(ACA)and postoperatively the *** were divided into three vault groups:low(LVG:≤250μm),optimal(OVG:>250 andk factors for low *** ICL size-ATA(OR:41.29,CI:10.57-161.22)and the 13.7mm ICL(OR:7.08,CI:3.16-15.89)were risk factors for high vaults,whereas less myopic ICLSE(OR:0.85,CI:0.76-0.95)and older age(OR:0.92,CI:0.88-0.98)were protective ***:High CLR and low ICLSE were the major risk factors in eyes presenting low *** the opposite direction,ICL size-ATA was the major contributor for high *** relationship was more critical in higher myopic ICLSE,younger eyes and when 13.7mm ICL were *** findings show that factors influencing the vault have differentiated weight of influence depending on the type of vault(low,optimal or high).

关键词： Implantable collamer lens Refractive surgery Vault Risk factors

Fragmentation patterns and systematic transitions of the forested landscape in the upper Amazon region, Ecuador 1990-2008

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 301-309页

作者： santiago Bonilla-Bedoya Juan R.Molina José E.Macedo-Pezzopane Miguel A.Herrera-Machuca DepartaTento de Ingeniería Forestal E.T.S.I.A.M.Universidad de CórdobaCaTpus de Excelencia Internacional Agroali Tentario (ceiA3) Secretaria Nacional de Educación Superior CienciaTecnología e Innovación del EcuadorWhy Tper E7-37 y Alpallana Quito. Ecuador Departa Tento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo

The analysis of the systematic transitions in the forested landscape and the study of the forest fragmentation patterns allow us to deepen our understanding of the changes in the vegetation ground cover. The importance of knowing the intricate patterns of the land usage of the upper basin of the Amazon region is widely recognized. This zone is one of the most diverse biological areas in the world, is home to large areas of mature tropical cloud forest and demonstrates high probabilities of stable climatic conditions in light of global warming. The research quan- tiffed systematic transitions through the ＂loss＂ and ＂gain＂ of the different categories of landscape during the eighteen-year study period of the Ecuadorian Amazon Region （EAR）, the forest fragmentation patterns were also analyzed based on a set of indicators. Therefore, with respect to the entirety of the landscape, the results registered for the ground coverage in forested areas during the first period （1990-2000）, show a decrease of 6.99% and an increase of 0.68%; and during the second period （2000-2008）, show a decrease of 3.99% and an increase of 2.14%. It demonstrated that forest and agricultural areas tended to replace or be replaced by herbaceous vegetation faster than expected fortuitously. Finally, the indices of fragmentation signaled intense changes during the 1990-2000 period with a reduction during the period 2000-2008. Per- centages registered in the Largest Patch Index （LPI） were between 79.58%; 52.39% and 49.99% respectively; while the Patch Density （PD） varied between 0.04; 0.06 and 0.07. This suggests the propensity of for- est cover to remain intact. The results of this investigation suggest a tendency towards stability in Ecuador＇s Amazon landscape. Within the framework for development and management of this area, the tendency is natural regeneration. This permits a consolidation of the conservation, reforestation, forestation and agricultural forestry plans, programs and systems for the

关键词： Ecuadorian Amazon systematic transitions fragmentation natural regeneration

Observation of dipolar transport in one-dimensional photonic lattices

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Science Bulletin 2017年第5期62卷 339-344页

作者： Camilo Cantillano Luis Morales-Inostroza Bastián Real santiago Rojas-Rojas Aldo Delgado Alexander Szameit Rodrigo A.Vicencio Departamento de Física MSI-Nucleus on Advanced Opticsand Center for Optics and Photonics(CEFOP)Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Center for Optics and Photonics and MSI-Nucleus on Advanced Optics Universidad de ConcepciónCasilla 160-C ConcepcionChile Institute for Physics University of RostockD-18059 RostockGermany

We experimentally study the transport properties of dipolar and fundamental modes on one dimensional(1D) coupled waveguide arrays. By carefully modulating a wide optical beam, we are able to effectively excite dipolar or fundamental modes to study discrete diffraction(single-site excitation) and gaussian beam propagation(multi-site excitation plus a phase gradient). We observe that dipolar modes experience a larger spreading area due to an effective larger coupling constant, which is found to be more than two times larger than the one for fundamental modes. Additionally, we study the effect of non-diagonal disorder and find that while fundamental modes are already trapped on a weakly disorder array, dipoles are still able to propagate across the system.

关键词： Photonic lattices Waveguide arrays Wave propagation Integrated optics

Pulmonary coinfection by Pneumocystis jiroveci and Cryptococcus neoformans

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 80-82页

作者： Bava Javier Lloveras Susana Garro santiago Troncoso Alcides Laboratory of Parasitology Infectious Diseases Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases Francisco Muniz Hospital Department of Infectious Diseases Tropical MedicineSchool of Medicine.Buenos Aires University

We communicate the diagnosis by microscopy of a pulmonary coinfection produced by Cryptococcus neoformans and Pneumocystis jiroveci,from a respiratory secretion obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of an AIDS *** review of literature identified this coinfection as unusual *** infections associated with HIV infection are increasingly *** may occur at an early stage of *** concurrent opportunistic infections may occur,coexisting Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia(PCP)and disseminated cryptococcosis with cryptococcal pneumonia is *** lungs of individuals infected with HIV are often affected by opportunistic infections and tumours and over two-thirds of patients have at least one respiratory episode during the course of their *** is the leading HIV-associated *** present the case of a man who presented dual Pneumocystis jiroveci and cryptococcal pneumonia in a patient with *** diagnosis of PCP and Cryptococcus requires demonstration of these organisms in pulmonary tissues or *** patients withk the patient showed clinical and radiologic improvement and was discharged 3 weeks later.

关键词： Cryptococcus neoformans Pneumocystis jiroveci Pulmonary coinfection Diagnosis test Opportunistic pathogen Pneumonia Definitive diagnosis

Pacemaker therapy in the elderly patients

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老年心脏病学杂志：英文版 2007年第2期4卷 127-128页

作者： Jose Antonio Lapuerta-Irigoyen santiago Herrero Pacemaker and Coronary Unit Intensive Care Service Cabuees Hospital Gijon Spain

　　The treatment of choice in symptomatic cases of patients with severe bradycardia remains the implantation of a pacemaker.……

关键词： Pacemaker therapy in the elderly patients

Bench-top aqueous two-phase extraction of isolated individual single-walled carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2015年第5期8卷 1755-1769页

作者： Navaneetha k. Subbaiyan A. Nicholas G. Parra-Vasquezt Sofie Cambre Miguel A. santiago Cordoba Sibel Ebru Yalcin Christopher E. Hamilton Nathan H. Mack Jeffrey L. Blackburn Stephen k. Doorn Juan G. Duque Chemistry Division Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group (C-PCS) Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) and Materials Science & Technology Division (MST-7) Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87544 USA Experimental Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory University of Antwerp Antwerp B-2610 Belgium National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden Colorado 80401 USA

Isolation and purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） are prerequisites for their implementation in various applications. In this work, we present a fast （-5 min）, low-cost, and easily scalable bench-top approach to the extraction of high-quality isolated SWCNTs from bundles and impurities in an aqueous dispersion. The extraction procedure, based on aqueous two-phase （ATP） separation, is widely applicable to any SWCNT source （tested on samples up to 1.7 nm in diameter） and independent of defect density, purity, diameter, and length. The extracted dispersions demonstrate that the removal of large aggregates, small bundles, and impurities is comparable to that by density gradient ultracentrifugation, but without the need for high-end instrumentation. Raman and fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy, single-nanotube fluorescence imaging, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis all confirm the high purity of the isolated SWCNTs. By predispersing the SWCNTs without sonication （only gentle stirring）, full-length, pristine SWCNTs can be isolated （tested up to 20 μm）. Hence, this simple ATP method will find immediate application in the generation of SWCNT materials for all levels of nanotube research and applications, from fundamental studies to high-performance devices.

关键词： carbon nanotubes aqueous two-phase (ATP)separation aggregate removal isolation sorting

Understanding the function and dysfunction of the immune system in lung cancer: the role of immune checkpoints

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2015年第2期12卷 79-86页

作者： Niki karachaliou Maria Gonzalez Cao Cristina Teixidó santiago Viteri Daniela Morales-Espinosa Mariacarmela Santarpia Rafael Rosell Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell Quiron Dexeus University Hospital Pangaea Biotech Medical Oncology Unit Human Pathology Department University of Messina Catalan Institute of Oncology Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital

Survival rates for metastatic lung cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） and small cell lung cancer （SCLC）, are poor with S-year survivals of less than 5%. The immune system has an intricate and complex relationship with tumorigenesis; a groundswell of research on the immune system is leading to greater understanding of how cancer progresses and presenting new ways to halt disease progress. Due to the extraordinary power of the immune system-- with its capacity for memory, exquisite specificity and central and universal role in human biology--immunotherapy has the potential to achieve complete, long-lasting remissions and cures, with few side effects for any cancer patient, regardless of cancer type. As a result, a range of cancer therapies are under development that work by turning our own immune cells against tumors. However deeper understanding of the complexity of immunomodulation by tumors is key to the development of effective immunotherapies, especially in lung cancer.

关键词： Lung cancer immunotherapy immune checkpoint program death-ligand 1 (PD -L 1) program death- 1 (PD - i)

Intelligent collision risk detection in medium-sized cities of developing countries,using naturalistic driving:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第6期9卷 912-929页

作者： Juan Jose Paredes santiago Felipe Yepes Ricardo Salazar-Cabrera Alvaro Pachon dela Cruz Juan Manuel Madrid Molina Telematics Engineering Research Group(GIT) Telematics DepartmentUniversidad Del CaucaPopayanColombia Information Technology and Telecommunications Research Group(12T) Universidad IcesiCaliColombia

Traffic accidents are one of the most serious problems worldwide,being one of the leading causes of death and economic loss in the ***-and middle-income countries,mainly their medium-sized cities,are among the most affected by this problem.93%of traffic accidents occur in low and middle-income countries,even though these countries have approximately 60%of the world’s *** occurs mainly because in these types of countries,especially in medium-sized cities(target context),there are no ideal conditions for driving,such as adequate road infrastructure,good condition of vehicles,and rigorous safety *** data analysis techniques including machine learning(ML)have increasingly been used to solve this *** driving(ND)can be applied as a data collection method that provides information on traffic *** commonly uses a vehicle’s kinematic data to detect high-risk driving behaviors that could cause an *** objectives of this document are to present a review of different alternatives that help in data collection and creation of intelligent solutions related to detection of possible traffic accidents,principally using ND;and to propose an intelligent collision risk detection system(ICRDS)for identification of areas with a high probability of TA in the target *** the review,it was possible to analyze and evaluate the devices,variables and algorithms that help characterize a risk event in driving,considering the target *** development of a prototype of an ICRDS for a medium-sized city in a developing country is considered viable,considering the identified components,with the aim of identifying risk events in driving,and areas of high probability of accidents in the city.

关键词： Naturalistic driving Near-crash Traffic accident Vehicle data collection