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Acute Toxicity and Cardio-Respiratory Effects of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: A Promising Radio Sensitiser

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第2期19卷 96-103页

作者： R.VIJAYARAGHAVAN DEO kUMAR SN DUBE R.SINGH kS.PANDEY BC.BAG MP.kAUSHIk k.sekhar BS.DWARAkANATH T.RAVINDRANATH Defence Research and Development Establishment Gwalior-474002 Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences Delhi-110054 India

Objective To evaluate the acute toxicity of 2-deoxy-D-glucose （2DG） by oral （p.o.） and intravenous （i.v.） routes, and also the cardio-respiratory effects following high doses of 2DG in animal models. Methods The LD50 of 2DG （in water） was determined in rats and mice by p.o. route and in mice by i.v. route. The effect of 2-DG （250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg, i.v.） was studied on various cardio-respiratory parameters viz., mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate in anaesthetised rats. The effect of 2DG （500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg, p.o.） was also studied on various respiratory parameters viz., respiratory rate and tidal volume in conscious rats and mice using a computer program. Results The p.o. LD50 of 2DG was found to be 〉8000 mg/kg in mice and rats, and at this dose no death was observed. The LD50 in mice by i.v. route was found to be 8000 mg/kg. At this dose 2 out of 4 mice died and the death occurred within 6 h. A significant increase in the body weight was observed after p.o. administration of 2DG in rats at 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg doses. There was no significant change in the body weight at 4000 mg/kg and 8000 mg/kg by the p.o. route in rats and up to 8000 mg/kg by p.o. as well as i.v. routes in mice. Intravenous administration of 2DG （250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg） in anaesthetised rats showed a time-dependent decrease in the mean arterial blood pressure. There was no change in the heart rate in any of the treatment groups. The tidal volume was not changed significantly by p.o administration in conscious rats, but a significant decrease in the respiratory frequency at 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg doses was observed. In the mice also there was no change in the tidal volume after p.o, administration, but the respiratory frequency decreased significantly at 2000 mg/kg dose. Conclusion 2DG is a safe compound but can cause a fall in the blood pressure and a decrease in respiratory frequency at high doses.

关键词： 2-deoxy-D-glucose Glucose analogue Radio sensitizer Acute toxicity Blood pressure Heart rate Respiration

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用于环境监控和国土安全的化学传感器

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化学传感器 2012年第1期32卷 12-19页

作者： Praveen k.sekhar Eric L.Brosha Rangachary Mukundan Fernando H.Garzon 美国Los Alamos国家实验室材料物理和应用组 Los Alamos国家实验室传感器和电化学器件组 Los Alamos国家实验室材料物理应用组 Los Alamos国家实验室传感器和高温材料组美国电化学会

化学传感器由识别元件和换能元件所构成。识别元件可以对所检测的不同化合物（待分析物）进行识别和感知；换能元件则可以产生一个其数值与待分析物浓度呈函数关系的信号。化学传感器中还包含了一类能对生物化学物质和生物反应进行识别... 详细信息

化学传感器由识别元件和换能元件所构成。识别元件可以对所检测的不同化合物（待分析物）进行识别和感知；换能元件则可以产生一个其数值与待分析物浓度呈函数关系的信号。化学传感器中还包含了一类能对生物化学物质和生物反应进行识别的生物传感器。生物传感器应用生物元件（例如生物体、酶、抗体、组织和细胞）作为感受器，因而有别于传统的化学传感器。

关键词：化学传感器国土安全环境监控识别元件生物传感器生物化学物质传感器应用函数关系

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Navigating the hydrogen prospect:A comprehensive review of sustainable source-based production technologies,transport solutions,advanced storage mechanisms,and CCUS integration

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 166-215,I0005页

作者： Sehar Tasleem Chandra sekhar Bongu Mohan Raj krishnan Edreese Housni Alsharaeh College of Science and General Studies Alfaisal UniversityPO Box 50927Riyadh 11533Saudi Arabia

The review is a comprehensive discussion of current research advances,commercial scale developments,challenges,and techno-eco nomics for the entire H_(2) value chain,including production,mainly focusing on sustainable sources,storage,and *** challenges,advantages,and uses of H_(2) energy are included at ***,apart from the sustainable production approaches,the approaches and current developments for combating the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions from existing H_(2) production facilities are highlighted in terms of ca rbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS).Concisely,the review discusses current material and recent technological adva ncements in developing pilot projects and large-scale establishments for viable and rapidly emerging sou rce-ba sed H_(2) productio ***,the review also aims to provide an in-depthdiscussion and explore current developments based on the advantages of H_(2) energy in terms of its utilization,based on its high energy density,and its ability to be used as a feedstock and *** the other hand,the challenges of H_(2) are also elabo ***,the role of CCUS in a carbon-neutral economy and value chain for minimization of emissions from existing facilities is thoroughly deliberated,and the recent commercial-scale implementation of CCUS technologies is *** the utilization and recycling of captured CO_(2) emissions along with H_(2) to produce e-fuels in terms of current advances is detailed in this *** rthermore,the most applicable,efficient,a nd develo ping approaches are discussed for physical and chemical H_(2) storage,considering recent la rge-scale implementations of liquid carriers and liquid organic hydrogen carriers as storage ***,the review elaborates on recent insights into advances in H_(2) transport infrastructure,including compressed and liquid H_(2) delivery via roads,ships,pipelines,and flight *** review gives precise insights into the recent scenario through

关键词： Source-based hydrogen Hydrogen utilization Carbon capture E-fuels Hydrogen storage Transport infrastructure

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Charting the course:India's health expenditure projections for 2035

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Global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 58-66页

作者： Pragyan Monalisa Sahoo Himanshu sekhar Rout Department of Analytical&Applied Economics Utkal UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia Department of Analytical and Applied Economics&RUSA Centre of Excellence in Public Policy and Governance Utkal UniversityVani ViharBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Objectives Understanding past trends and forecasting future changes in health spending is vital for planning and reducing reliance on out-of-pocket(OOP)*** current study analyzed health expenditure patterns in India and forecasted future trends and patterns until *** Data on health expenditure in India from 2000 to 2019 was collected from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)iLibrary and National Health Accounts 2019 *** domestic product(GDP)data from the World Bank was also *** statistics analyzed the composition and pattern,while the exponential smoothing model forecasted future health *** The findings revealed that expenditure made by OOP is the primary health financing source,followed by government and pre-paid private *** percentage of GDP allocated to total health expenditure remains stable,while the per capita health expenditure *** in expenditure among states are observed,with karnataka relying heavily on pre-paid private *** projections suggest a decline in per capita and total health expenditure as a share of GDP,with a slight increase in the government’s ***-paid private expenditure per capita and OOP health expenditure as a share of the total is projected to remain relatively constant but still high in absolute *** The study highlights variations in health spending in India,characterized by high OOP spending,limited public coverage,and a need for investments,and reforms to improve healthcare access and equity.

关键词： Health expenditure Health spending Health financing Forecasting Exponential smoothing India

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Systematic review of the efficacy of data-driven urban building energy models during extreme heat in cities:Current trends and future outlook

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 695-722页

作者： Nilabhra Mondal Prashant Anand Ansar khan Chirag Deb David Cheong Chandra sekhar Dev Niyogi Mattheos Santamouris Department of Architecture and Regional Planning Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurIndia Department of Geography Lalbaba CollegeUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia School of Architecture Design and PlanningThe University of SydneyAustralia Department of the Built Environment National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Geological Sciences Jackson School of GeosciencesThe University of Texas at AustinAustinUSA DepartmentofCivil Architecturaland Environmental EngineeringThe Universityof Texas at AustinAustinUSA Faculty of Built Environment University of New South WalesAustralia

Energy demand fluctuations due to low probability high impact(LPHI)micro-climatic events such as urban heat island effect(UHI)and heatwaves,pose significant challenges for urban infrastructure,particularly within urban *** short term load forecasting(STLF)of buildings in urban micro-climatic setting(UMS)is obscured by the complex interplay of surrounding morphology,micro-climate and inter-building energy *** urban building energy modelling(UBEM)approaches to provide quantitative insights about building energy consumption often neglect the synergistic impacts of micro-climate and urban morphology in short temporal *** order modelling,unavailability of rich urban datasets such as building key performance indicators for building archetypes-characterization,limit the inter-building energy dynamics consideration into *** addition,mismatch of resolutions of spatio-temporal datasets(meso to micro scale transition),LPHI events extent prediction around UMS as well as its accurate quantitative inclusion in UBEM input organization step pose another degree of *** review aims to direct attention towards an integrated-UBEM(i-UBEM)framework to capture the building load fluctuation over multi-scale spatio–temporal *** highlights usage of emerging data-driven hybrid approaches,after systematically analysing developments and limitations of recent physical,data-driven artificial intelligence and machine learning(AI-ML)based modelling *** also discusses the potential integration of google earth engine(GEE)-cloud computing platform in UBEM input organization step to(i)map the land surface temperature(LST)data(quantitative attribute implying LPHI event occurrence),(ii)manage and pre-process high-resolution spatio-temporal UBEM *** the potential of digital twin,central structed data models to integrate along UBEM workflow to reduce uncertainties related to building archetype characterizat

关键词： urban heat island(UHI) urbanmicro-climate urban morphology urban building energy modelling(UBEM) digitaltwin shorttermload forecasting(STLF) googleearthengine(GEE)

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Contraceptive behaviors and awareness in an urban slum community of south India

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第4期13卷 160-168页

作者： Monica Albert sekhar Shanthi Edward Angeline Grace Sushmitha G Shirley Esther Priscilla Department of Community Medicine Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital(SBMCH)ChennaiIndia

Objective:To assess the factors associated with knowledge,attitude and behavior of contraception use among urban slum population in ***:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban slum of Anakaputhur,*** couples between ages of 19-49 years and living in slum areas were taken up for the study by simple random *** women,postnatal and postmenopausal women were excluded from the *** collection was done using a pretested structured questionnaire focusing on details regarding contraception knowledge,attitude,and *** analysis was done using IBM SPSS version *** test like Chi square and odds ratio(OR)were used to identify association between knowledge,attitude,and behavior of contraception with the associated variables and enter method of logistic regression analysis was ***:Out of the 360 respondents,228 were females,with a mean age of(34±5)*** 43%demonstrated adequate knowledge of contraception use,and 91%were aware of at least one contraceptive ***,72%exhibited a positive attitude towards contraceptive ***,43%(155 individuals)did not utilize any contraceptive *** contraceptive users,intrauterine devices were the most commonly adopted,followed by barrier methods and female *** was significant association between knowledge of contraception and education(aOR 7.29,95%CI 2.93-18.10,P<0.05),age(aOR 2.04,95%CI 1.19-3.50,P<0.05)and socioeconomic class(aOR 3.66,95%CI 1.71-7.85,P<0.05;aOR 3.97,95%CI 2.12-7.49,P<0.05).Regarding attitude towards contraception use,education(aOR 8.54,95%CI 2.35-31.03,P<0.05),sex(aOR 0.15,95%CI 0.06-0.37,P<0.05),age(aOR 0.53,95%CI 0.28-0.99,P<0.05),socio-economic class(aOR 4.42,95%CI 1.97-9.92,P<0.05;aOR 9.83,95%CI 3.63-26.58,P<0.05)and number of children(aOR 10.04,95%CI 4.26-23.66,P<0.05)were the variables that had a significant ***:These findings underscore the imperative for enhanced d

关键词： Family planning Unmet need Sterilization knowledge Practice Urban slum

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A Note on an Order Level Inventory Model with Varying Two-Phased Demand and Time-Proportional Deterioration

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American Journal of Operations Research 2024年第1期14卷 59-73页

作者： Sephali Mohanty Trailokyanath Singh Sudhansu sekhar Routary Chinmayee Naik Department of Mathematics C. V. Raman Global University Bhubaneswar India Department of Mathematics and Humanities Odisha University of Technology and Research Bhubaneswar India

The main purpose of this paper is to generalize the effect of two-phased demand and variable deterioration within the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) framework. The rate of deterioration is a linear function of time. The two-phased demand function states the constant function for a certain period and the quadratic function of time for the rest part of the cycle time. No shortages as well as partial backlogging are allowed to occur. The mathematical expressions are derived for determining the optimal cycle time, order quantity and total cost function. An easy-to-use working procedure is provided to calculate the above quantities. A couple of numerical examples are cited to explain the theoretical results and sensitivity analysis of some selected examples is carried out.

关键词： Deteriorating Items EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) Inventory Time-Proportional Deterioration Two-Phased Demand

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Terminalia arjuna bark extract attenuates picrotoxin-induced behavioral changes by activation of serotonergic,dopaminergic,GABAergic and antioxidant systems

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第8期15卷 584-596页

作者： Chandra sekhar Y Phani kumar G Anilakumar k.R. Applied Nutrition Division Defence Food Research LaboratoryDRDOMysore-570011KarnatakaIndia

Stress and emotion are associated with several illnesses from headaches to heart diseases and immune deficiencies to central nervous system. Terminalia arjuna has been referred as traditional Indian medicine for several ailments. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of T. arjuna bark extract(TA) against picrotoxin-induced anxiety. Forty two male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into six experimental groups(n = 7): control, diazepam(1.5 mg·kg^(–1)), picrotoxin(1 mg·kg^(–1)) and three TA treatemt groups(25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). Behavioral paradigms and PCR studies were performed to determine the effect of TA against picrotoxin-induced anxiety. The results showed that TA supplementation increased locomotion towards open arm(EPM) and illuminated area(light-dark box test), and increased rearing frequency(open field test) in a dose dependent manner, compared to picrotoxin(P ks and shocks in Vogel's conflict. PCR studies showed an up-regulation of several genes, such as BDNF, IP_3, D_2L, CREB, GABAA, SOD, GPx, and GR in TA administered groups. In conclusion, alcoholic extract of TA bark showed protective activity against picrotoxin in mice by modulation of genes related to synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitters, and antioxidant enzymes.

关键词： Anxiety Terminalia arjuna Gene expression Picrotoxin Neurotransmitters LC-MS

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NONLINEAR WAVE INTERACTIONS IN A MACROSCOPIC PRODUCTION MODEL

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2021年第3期41卷 764-780页

作者： MINHAJUL T RAJA sekhar Center for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchBangaloreKarnataka-560065India Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur-2India

In this article,we study the exhaustive analysis of nonlinear wave interactions for a 2×2 homogeneous system of quasilinear hyperbolic partial differential equations(PDEs)governing the macroscopic *** use the hodograph transformation and differential constraints technique to obtain the exact solution of governing ***,we study the interaction between simple waves in detail through exact solution of general initial value ***,we discuss the all possible interaction of elementary waves using the solution of Riemann problem.

关键词： Elementary waves wave interactions Riemann problem simple wave differential constraints Hodograph transformation

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Resource scheduling approach in cloud Testing as a Service using deep reinforcement learning algorithms

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2021年第2期6卷 147-154页

作者： Priyadarsini karthik karthik.sekhar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies(VISTAS)ChennaiIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering College of Engineering and TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennaiIndia

Many organizations around the world use cloud computing Testing as Service(Taas)for their *** computing is principally based on the idea of on-demand delivery of computation,storage,applications,and additional *** depends on delivering user services through Internet *** addition,it uses a pay-as-you-go business design to deliver user *** offers some essential characteristics including on-demand service,resource pooling,rapid elasticity,virtualization,and measured *** are various types of virtualization,such as full virtualization,para-virtualization,emulation,〇S virtualization,and application *** scheduling in Taas is among the most challenging jobs in resource allocation to mandatory tasks/jobs based on the required quality of applications and *** of the cloud environment,uncertainty,and perhaps heterogeneity,resource allocation cannot be addressed with prevailing *** situation remains a significant concern for the majority of cloud providers,as they face challenges in selecting the correct resource scheduling algorithm for a particular *** authors use the emergent artificial intelligence algorithms deep RM2,deep reinforcement learning,and deep reinforcement learning for Taas cloud scheduling to resolve the issue of resource scheduling in cloud Taas.

关键词： Service cloud prevailing

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