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Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna k.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu ravindran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were investigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; P<0.05) was observed on the average SIDC of dispensable AA (DAA) in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIDC of some individual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (P<0.05 or P<0.001) in a quadratic manner by age. In the CM, the SIDC of N, average SIDC of IAA, DAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; P<0.05 or P<0.001) by age. The SIDC of N and average SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIDC of individual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; P<0.05 or P<0.001) by different magnitudes by age. The age influence on the SIDC AA was variable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

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Sammon Quadratic Recurrent Multilayer Deep Classifier for Legal Document Analytics

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3039-3053页

作者： Divya Mohan Latha ravindran Nair School of Engineering Cochin University of Science and TechnologyKeralaIndia

In recent years,machine learning algorithms and in particular deep learning has shown promising results when used in the field of legal domain.The legal field is strongly affected by the problem of information overload,due to the large amount of legal material stored in textual form.Legal text processing is essential in the legal domain to analyze the texts of the court events to automatically predict smart decisions.With an increasing number of digitally available documents,legal text processing is essential to analyze documents which helps to automate various legal domain tasks.Legal document classification is a valuable tool in legal services for enhancing the quality and efficiency of legal document review.In this paper,we propose Sammon keyword Mapping-based Quadratic Discriminant Recurrent Multilayer Perceptive Deep Neural Classifier(SkM-QDRMPDNC),a system that applies deep neural methods to the problem of legal document classification.The SkM-QDRMPDNC technique consists of many layers to perform the keyword extraction and classification.First,the set of legal documents are collected from the dataset.Then the keyword extraction is performed using SammonMapping technique based on the distance measure.With the extracted features,Quadratic Discriminant analysis is applied to performthe document classification based on the likelihood ratio test.Finally,the classified legal documents are obtained at the output layer.This process is repeated until minimum error is attained.The experimental assessment is carried out using various performance metrics such as accuracy,precision,recall,F-measure,and computational time based on several legal documents collected from the dataset.The observed results validated that the proposed SkM-QDRMPDNC technique provides improved performance in terms of achieving higher accuracy,precision,recall,and F-measure with minimum computation time when compared to existing methods.

关键词： Legal document data analytics recurrent multilayer perceptive deep neural network sammon mapping quadratic discriminant analysis likelihood ratio test

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Response of Photonic Hydrogels of Homogeneous Particles to Uranyl Ions in Aqueous Solutions

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Photonic Sensors 2023年第4期13卷 50-61页

作者： R.G.JOSHI Deepak k.GUPTA P.AMESH P.k.PARIDA T.R.ravindran Materials Science Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchA CI of Homi Bhabha National InstituteKalpakkam 603102India Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchA CI of Homi Bhabha National InstituteKalpakkam 603102India Metallurgy and Materials Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchA CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute(HBNI)Kalpakkam 603102India

We study here the response of photonic hydrogels(PHs),made of photonic crystals of homogeneous silica particles in polyacrylamide hydrogels(SPHs),to the uranyl ions 22 UO_(2)^(2+) in aqueous solutions.It is found that the reflection spectra of the SPH show a peak due to the Bragg diffraction,which exhibits a blue shift in the presence of 22 UO_(2)^(2+).Upon exposure to the SPH,22 UO_(2)^(2+)gets adsorbed on the SPH and forms complex coordinate bonds with multiple ligands on the SPH,which causes shrinking of hydrogel and leads to the blue shift in the diffraction peak.The amount of the blue shift in the diffraction peak increases monotonically up to 22 UO_(2)^(2+)concentrations as high as 2300μM.The equilibration time for the shift in the Bragg peak upon exposure to 22 UO_(2)^(2+)is found to be~30 min.These results are in contrast to the earlier reports on photonic hydrogels of inhomogeneous microgel particles hydrogel(MPH),which shows the threshold 22 UO_(2)^(2+)concentration of~600μM,below which the diffraction peak exhibits a blue shift and a change to a red shift above it.The equilibration time for MPH is~300 min.The observed monotonic blue shift and the faster time response of the SPH to 22 UO_(2)^(2+)as compared to the MPH are explained in terms of homogeneous nature of silica particles in the SPH,against the porous and polymeric nature of microgels in the MPH.We also study the extraction of 22 UO_(2)^(2+)from aqueous solutions using the SPH.The extraction capacity estimated by the arsenazo-III analysis is found to be 112 mM/kg.

关键词： Photonic hydrogels uranium extraction and monitoring arsenazo-Ⅲ-uranium complex polyacrylamide hydrogel UV-visible spectroscopy

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Calorie restriction potentiates epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated Nrf2 activation in hepatocytes of aged rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第10期13卷 421-430页

作者： Rajeswari ravindran Malathi Manuel Thangarajeswari Mohan ravindran Jaganathan kalaiselvi Periandavan Preclinical Department Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kuala LumpurRoyal College of Medicine Perak30450IpohMalaysia Department of Medical Biochemistry Dr A.L Mudaliar Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of MadrasTaramaniChennai 600113India

Objective:To explore the combinatorial effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)and calorie restriction on activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),a transcription factor involved in the antioxidant defense system of aged rats.Methods:Aged male Wistar rats were calorie-restricted and treated with EGCG orally for 45 days.The initial body weight of aged rats was recorded,and the final body weight was measured at the end of the experimental period.Serum lipid and lipoprotein status,oxidative stress markers such as free radicals and malondialdehyde levels,and reduced glutathione were assessed.In addition,RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses were performed.Results:Calorie restriction potentiated the effect of EGCG on enhancing antioxidant status,improving the levels of serum lipid and lipoproteins,upregulating Nrf2 and Bcl2,and downregulating keap1,cullin3,Bax and cytochrome c in aged rats.Conclusions:Calorie restriction can promote EGCG-mediated Nrf2 activation in aged rats.This preliminary finding paves the way for a combinatory approach to replenishing the antioxidant status during aging,thereby reducing the risk for age-associated degenerative diseases.

关键词： Aging Reactive oxygen species Calorie restriction EGCG Nrf2 Antioxidant

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Effects of sonication amplitude on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91E magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3397-3405页

作者： P.Emadi B.Andilab C.ravindran Centre for Near-net-shape Processing of Materials Ryerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoON M5B 2K3 Canada

Light metals are gaining increased attention due to ecological sustainability concerns and strict emission regulations. Magnesium(Mg)is one such metal that has the potential to replace high density components, which can reduce emissions through lightweighting. However,the mechanical properties of Mg alloys must be improved for them to become viable candidates for structural applications. To this end, the current study examines the effect of sonication vibrational amplitude on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91E Mg alloy.The molten alloys were subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 20 kHz, 180 s of processing time and vibrational amplitudes ranging from 1.25 to 15 μm. The resultant castings were characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing. It was found that sonication with amplitudes up to 7.5 μm was able to effectively refine the secondary phases of the alloy. Similar trends were observed for grain size and yield strength. The refinement in microstructure was likely caused by the finer grain size and cavitation induced undercooling of the liquid metal. In addition, it was also noted that even the lowest level of amplitude(1.25 μm) was able to increase the density, improve the ultimate tensile strength and ductility of the castings. The tensile strength and ductility were thought to have been enhanced by ultrasonic degassing and refinement in microstructure, while the yield strength was improved through the Hall-Petch effect. The results from this study provided a basis for optimizing the sonication process and promoting its use in industry. As a result, Mg alloys improved through ultrasonic processing have the potential to replace higher density components, with consequent energy efficiency and environmental and ecological benefits.

关键词： Magnesium Casting and solidification Ultrasonic processing Vibrational amplitude Grain refinement Mechanical properties

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Study of BESIII trigger efficiencies with the 2018 J/ψ data

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第2期45卷 48-55页

作者： M.Ablikim M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson S.Ahmed M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso M.R.An Q.An X.H.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino Y.Ban k.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere H.Cai X.Cai A.Calcaterra G.F.Cao N.Cao S.A.Cetin J.F.Chang W.L.Chang G.Chelkov D.Y.Chen G.Chen H.S.Chen M.L.Chen S.J.Chen X.R.Chen Y.B.Chen Z.J Chen W.S.Cheng G.Cibinetto F.Cossio X.F.Cui H.L.Dai X.C.Dai A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich Z.Y.Deng A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori Y.Ding C.Dong J.Dong L.Y.Dong M.Y.Dong X.Dong S.X.Du Y.L.Fan J.Fang S.S.Fang Y.Fang R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng J.H.Feng M.Fritsch C.D.Fu Y.Gao Y.Gao Y.Gao Y.G.Gao I.Garzia P.T.Ge C.Geng E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman k.Goetzen L.Gong W.X.Gong W.Gradl M.Greco L.M.Gu M.H.Gu S.Gu Y.T.Gu C.Y Guan A.Q.Guo L.B.Guo R.P.Guo Y.P.Guo A.Guskov T.T.Han W.Y.Han X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris H Hüsken k.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz T.Held Y.k.Heng C.Herold M.Himmelreich T.Holtmann Y.R.Hou Z.L.Hou H.M.Hu J.F.Hu T.Hu Y.Hu G.S.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang Z.Huang T.Hussain W.Ikegami Andersson W.Imoehl M.Irshad S.Jaeger S.Janchiv Q.Ji Q.P.Ji X.B.Ji X.L.Ji H.B.Jiang X.S.Jiang J.B.Jiao Z.Jiao S.Jin Y.Jin T.Johansson N.kalantar-Nayestanaki X.S.kang R.kappert M.kavatsyuk B.C.ke I.k.keshk A.khoukaz P.kiese R.kiuchi R.kliemt L.koch O.B.kolcu B.kopf M.kuemmel M.kuessner A.kupsc M.G.kurth W.kühn J.J.Lane J.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi Z.H.Lei H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz C.Li C.H.Li Cheng Li D.M.Li F.Li G.Li H.Li H.Li H.B.Li H.J.Li J.L.Li J.Q.Li J.S.Li ke Li L.k.Li Lei Li P.R.Li S.Y.Li W.D.Li W.G.Li X.H.Li X.L.Li Z.Y.Li H.Liang H.Liang H.Liang Y.F.Liang Y.T.Liang L.Z.Liao J.Libby C.X.Lin B.J.Liu C.X.Liu D.Liu F.H.Liu Fang Liu Feng Liu H.B.Liu H.M.Liu Huanhuan Liu Huihui Liu J.B.Liu J.L.Liu J.Y.Liu k.Liu k.Y.Liu ke Liu L.Liu M.H.Liu P.L.Liu Q.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu Shuai Liu T.Liu W.M.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Y.B.Liu Z.A.Liu Z.Q.Liu X.C.Lou F.X.Lu H.J.Lu J.D.Lu J.G.Lu X.L.Lu Y.Lu Y.P.Lu C.L.Luo M.X.Luo b P.W.Luo T.Luo X.L.Luo S Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200443China GIBudker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA (A)INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly(B)INFN Sezione di PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly(C)University of PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly (A)INFN Sezione di Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly(B)University of FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Ave54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Jilin University Changchun 130012China Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen IIPhysikalisches InstitutHeinrich-Buff-Ring 16D-35392GiessenGermany kVI-CART University of GroningenNL-9747 AA GroningenThe Netherlands Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China Liaoning Normal Unive

Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the J/ψpeak,we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the BESIII detector.The efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes,namely Bhabha scattering,dimuon production and generic hadronic events with charged particles.The combined efficiency of all active triggers approaches 100%in most cases,with uncertainties small enough not to affect most physics analyses.

关键词： BESIII trigger efficiency Bhabha dimuon hadronic events

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Number of J/ψ events at BESIII

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第7期46卷 74-84页

作者：麦迪娜 M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson S.Ahmed M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso 安美儒安琪白旭红白羽 O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino 班勇 k.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere 蔡浩蔡啸 A.Calcaterra 曹国富曹宁 S.A.Cetin 常劲帆常万玲 G.Chelkov 陈刚陈和生陈玛丽陈申见陈旭荣陈元柏陈卓俊成伟帅 G.Cibinetto F.Cossio 催佳佳崔小非代洪亮代建平戴鑫琛 A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich 邓子艳 A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori 丁勇董超董静董燎原董明义董翔杜书先 P.Egorov 范玉兰方建房双世方易 R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici 封常青冯俊华 M.Fritsch 傅成栋高扬高原宁高原宁 I.Garzia 葛潘婷耿聪 E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman k.Goetzen 龚丽龚文煊 W.Gradl M.Greco 谷立民顾旻皓关春懿郭爱强郭爱强郭立波郭如盼郭玉萍 A.Guskov 韩婷婷韩文颖郝喜庆 F.A.Harris 何凯凯何康林 F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz 衡月昆 C.Herold M.Himmelreich T.Holtmann 侯国一侯颖锐侯治龙胡海明胡继峰胡涛胡誉黄光顺黄麟钦黄性涛黄燕萍黄震 T.Hussain N Husken W.Ikegami Andersson W.Imoehl M.Irshad S.Jaeger S.Janchiv 纪全姬清平季晓斌季筱璐吉钰瑶姜侯兵江晓山焦健斌焦铮金山金毅荆茂强 T.Johansson N.kalantar-Nayestanaki 康晓坤 R.kappert M.kavatsyuk 柯百谦 I.k.keshk A.khoukaz P.kiese R.kiuchi R.kliemt L.koch O.B.kolcu B.kopf M.kuemmel M.kuessner A.kupsc M.G.kurth W.kuhn J.J.Lane J.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi 雷裤弘 H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz 李翠李春花李澄李德民李飞李刚李慧李贺李海波李惠静李衡讷李井文 J.Q.Li 李静舒李科李龙科李蕾李培荣栗帅迎李卫东李卫国李旭红李晓玲李晓宇李紫源梁昊梁浩梁浩梁勇飞梁羽铁廖广睿廖龙洲 J.Libby A.Limphirat 林创新林德旭 T.Lin 刘北江刘春秀刘栋刘福虎刘芳刘峰 G.M.Liu 刘怀民刘欢欢刘汇慧刘建北刘佳俊刘晶译刘凯刘魁勇刘珂刘亮刘美宏刘佩莲刘倩刘淇刘树彬刘桐刘桐刘卫民刘翔刘英刘玉斌刘振安刘智青娄辛丑卢飞翔吕海江陆嘉达吕军光陆小玲卢宇卢云鹏罗成林罗民兴罗朋威罗涛罗小兰吕晓睿马凤才马海龙马连良马明明马秋梅马润秋马瑞廷马新鑫马晓妍马尧 F.E.Maas M.Maggiora S.Maldaner S.Malde Q.A.Malik A.Mangoni 冒亚军毛泽普 S.Marcello 孟召霞 J.G.Messchendorp G.Mezzadri 闵天觉 R.E.Mitchell 莫晓虎 N.Yu.Muchnoi H.Muramatsu S.Nakhoul Y.Nefedov F.Nerling I.B.Nikolaev 宁哲 S.Nisar S.L.Olsen 欧阳群 S.Pacetti 潘祥潘越 A.Pathak A.Pathak P.Patteri M.Pelizaeus 彭海平 k.Peters J.Pettersson 平加伦平荣刚 S.Plura S.Pogodin R.Poling V.Prasad 齐航漆红荣祁鸣齐天钰钱森钱文斌钱圳乔从丰秦佳佳秦丽清覃潇平秦小帅秦中华邱进发屈三强 k.H.Rashid k.ravindran C.F.Redmer A.Rivetti V.Rodin M.Rolo 荣刚 Ch.Rosner M.Rump 桑昊榆 A.Sarantsev Y.Schelhaas C.Schnie Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Camnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200443China G.I.Budker Institute of Nuclear Physies SBRAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physies and Technology Peace Ave 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Jilin University Changchun 130012China Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen Ⅱ.Physikaliches InstitutHeinricH-Buff-Ring 16D-35392 GiessenGermany Lanzhou University Lnzhou 730000China Liaoning Normal University Dalian 116029China Liaoning University Shenyang 110036China Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023China Nanjing Univ

Using inclusive decays of J/ψ aprecise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector was performed.For the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012,the numbers of J/ψ events were recalculated to be(224.0±1.3)×10^(6) and(1088.5±4.4)×10^(6),respectively;these numbers are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017-2019,the number of events was determined to be(8774.0±39.4)×10^(6).The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector was determined to be(10087±44)×10^(6),where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects,and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.

关键词： number of J/ψevents BESIII detector inclusive J/ψdecays

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Divergent DNA Methylation Patterns Associated with Abiotic Stress in Hevea brasiliensis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 996-1013页

作者： Thomas k. Uthup Minimol ravindran, k. Bini Saha Thakurdas Genome Analysis Lab Rubber Research Institute of India Rubber Board PO Kottayam Kerala 686009 India

Cytosine methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mechanism for gene-expression regulation and development in plants. Here, we report for the first time the identification of DNA methylation patterns and their putative relationship with abiotic stress in the tree crop Hevea brasiliensis （source of 99% of natural rubber in the world）. Regulatory sequences of four major genes involved in the mevalonate pathway （rubber biosynthesis pathway） and one general defense-related gene of three high-yielding popular rubber clones grown at two different agroclimatic conditions were analyzed for the presence of methylation. We found several significant variations in the methylation pattern at core DNA binding motifs within all the five genes. Several consistent clone-specific and location-specific methylation patterns were identified. The differences in methylation pattern observed at certain pivotal cis-regulatory sites indicate the direct impact of stress on the genome and support the hypothesis of site-specific stress-induced DNA methylation. It is assumed that some of the methylation patterns observed may be involved in the stress-responsive mechanism in plants by which they adapt to extreme conditions. The study also provide clues towards the existence of highly divergent phenotypic characters among Hevea clones despite their very similar genetic make-up. Altogether, the observations from this study prove beyond doubt that there exist epigenetic variations in Hevea and environmental factors play a significant role in the induction of site-specific epigenetic mutations in its genome.

关键词： DNA methylation epigenetics abiotic stress rubber biosynthesis Hevea brasiliensis.

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Progress in ileal endogenous amino acid flow research in poultry

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 415-425页

作者： V.ravindran Monogastric Research Centre School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand

The progress in our understanding of the endogenous protein concept over the past century is reviewed.Nondietary proteins found in the digesta at the terminal ileum of poultry,known as endogenous protein loss,are comprised of digestive secretions,mucus and sloughed gut epithelial cells.The measurement of this loss is of fundamental importance because it is an indicator of gut metabolism and is essential to adjust apparent estimates of ileal amino acid digestibility.The ileal endogenous amino acid losses comprise of two components,namely basal and specific losses.The basal losses are fixed and associated with feed dry matter intake,whereas the specific losses are variable and induced by the presence of dietary components such as fibre and anti-nutrients.Currently there is no methodology available to directly measure the specific endogenous losses and these losses are calculated by determining the basal and total(basal plus specific)losses and,then subtracting the basal losses from total losses.The seminal features,specific applications and shortcomings of available methodologies are briefly outlined as well as the practical challenges faced in using the published endogenous amino acid loss values for true digestibility corrections.The relevance of taurine as a component of endogenous protein flow in poultry is identified for the first time.

关键词： Basal loss Digestible amino acids Endogenous amino acid losses Poultry Specific loss

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Measurements of the center-of-mass energies of e~+e~- collisions at BESⅢ

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第10期45卷 11-19页

作者： M.Ablikim M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson S.Ahmed M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso M.R.An Q.An X.H.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino Y.Ban k.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Bloms A.Bortone J.F.Chang W.L.Chang G.Chelkov D.Y.Chen G.Chen H.S.Chen M.L.Chen S.J.Chen X.R.Chen Y.B.Chen Z.J.Chen W.S.Cheng G.Cibinetto F.Cossio X.F.Cui H.L.Dai X.C.Dai A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich Z.Y.Deng A.Denig L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng J.H.Feng M.Fritsch C.D.Fu Y.Gao X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris k.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz T.Held Y.k.Heng C.Herold Y.Hu G.S.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang Z.Huang T.Hussain N Husken W.Ikegami Andersson W.Imoehl M.Irshad S.Jaeger S.Janchiv Q.Ji Q.P.Ji M.Q.Jing T.Johansson N.kalantar-Nayestanaki X.S.kang R.kappert M.kavatsyuk B.C.ke I.k.keshk A.khoukaz P.kiese R.kiuchi R.kliemt L.koch O.B.kolcu B.kopf M.kuemmel M.kuessner A.kupsc M.G.kurth W.kuhn J.J.Lane J.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi Z.H.Lei H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz C.Li J.Q.Li J.S.Li ke Li L.k.Li Lei Li P.R.Li S.Y.Li W.D.Li W.G.Li X.H.Li G.R.Liao 廖龙洲 J.Libby C.X.Lin B.J.Liu C.X.Liu D.Liu F.H.Liu Fang Liu Feng Liu H.B.Liu H.M.Liu Huanhuan Liu Huihui Liu J.B.Liu J.L.Liu J.Y.Liu k.Liu k.Y.Liu L.Liu M.H.Liu P.L.Liu Q.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu M.M.Ma Q.M.Ma R.Q.Ma R.T.Ma X.X.Ma X.Y.Ma F.E.Maas M.Maggiora S.Maldaner S.Malde Q.A.Malik A.Mangoni Y.J.Mao Z.P.Mao S.Marcello Z.X.Meng J.G.Messchendorp G.Mezzadri T.J.Min R.E.Mitchell X.H.Mo N.Yu.Muchnoi H.Muramatsu S.Nakhoul Y.Nefedov F.Nerling I.B.Nikolaev Z.Ning P.Patteri M.Pelizaeus H.P.Peng k.Peters J.Pettersson J.L.Ping R.G.Ping S.Pogodin Z.Qian C.F.Qiao L.Q.Qin X.P.Qin X.S.Qin Z.H.Qin J.F.Qiu S.Q.Qu k.H.Rashid k.ravindran C.F.Redmer A.Rivetti V.Rodin M.Rolo G.Rong Ch.Rosner M.Rump H.S.Sang A.Sarantsev Y.Schelhaas C.Schnier k.Schoenning M.Scodeggio D.C.Shan W.Shan X.Y.Shan J.F.Shangguan M.Shao C.P.Shen H.F.Shen P.X.Shen X.Y.Shen H.C.Shi R.S.Shi X.Shi X.D Shi J.J.Song W.M.Song Y.X.Song k.Wang L.L.Wang M.Wang M.Z.Wang Meng Wang W.Wang W.H.Wang W.P.Wang X.Wang X.F.Wang X.L.Wang Liaoning Normal University University of Science and Technology of China State key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Jinan Southeast University Joint Institute for Nuclear Research INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di Ferrara Peking University State key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy Physics Institute of Physics and Technology University of Muenster University of Chinese Academy of Sciences the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Central China Normal University Nanjing University Institute of Modern Physics Hunan University School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University University of Turin and INFN IN-FNI-10125TurinItaly G.I.Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP) Nankai University University of Turin and INFN University of Eastern Piedmont University of Turin and INFN IN-FN Sun Yat-Sen University University of South China Henan Normal University University of Hawaii Suranaree University of Technology Shandong University University of the Punjab the Novosibirsk State University Indiana University University of Groningen Liaoning University Shanxi Normal University GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen Ⅱ. Physikalisches Institut Turkish Accelerator Center Particle Factory Group Istanbul Bilgi University HEP Res. Cent. Istinye University University of Manchester Indian Institute of Technology Madras Uppsala University Qufu Normal University Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou University Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes Lanzhou University Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Lanzhou University Tsinghua University Guangxi Normal University Shanxi University Guangxi University Henan University of Science and Technology Helmholtz Institute Mainz Fudan University key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) and Institute of Modern Physics Fudan Uni

During the 2016-17 and 2018-19 running periods, the BESⅢ experiment collected 7.5 fb-1of e~+e~- collision data at center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.13 to 4.44 GeV. These data samples are primarily used for the study of excited charmonium and charmoniumlike states. By analyzing the di-muon process e~+e~-→(γISR/FSR)μ~+μ~-, we measure the center-of-mass energies of the data samples with a precision of 0.6 MeV. Through a run-by-run study, we find that the center-of-mass energies were stable throughout most of the data-collection period.

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