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Mast cells as rapid innate sensors of cytomegalovirus by TLr3/TrIF signaling-dependent and -independent mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第2期12卷 192-201页

作者： Marc becker Niels AW Lemmermann Stefan Ebert Pamela Baars Angelique renzaho Jurgen Podlech Michael Stassen Matthias J reddehase Institute for Immunology Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI) at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany Institute for Virology Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI) at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany These authors contributed equally to this work Co-senior authors

The succinct metaphor,‘the immune system＇s loaded gun＇, has been used to describe the role of mast cells （MCs） due to their storage of a wide range of potent pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators in secretory granules that can be released almost instantly on demand to fight invaders. Located at host-environment boundaries and equipped with an arsenal of pattern recognition receptors, MCs are destined to be rapid innate sensors of pathogens penetrating endothelial and epithelial surfaces. Although the importance of MCs in antimicrobial and antiparasitic defense has long been appreciated, their role in raising the alarm against viral infections has been noted only recently. Work on cytomegalovirus （CMV） infection in the murine model has revealed MCs as players in a novel cross-talk axis between innate and adaptive immune surveillance of CMV, in that infection of MCs, which is associated with MC degranulation and release of the chemokine CCL5, enhances the recruitment of protective CD8 T cells to extravascular sites of virus replication, specifically to lung interstitium and alveolar epithelium. Here, we have expanded on these studies by investigating the conditions for MC activation and the consequent degranulation in response to host infection. Surprisingly, the data revealed two temporally and mechanistically distinct waves of MC activation： an almost instant indirect activation that depended on TLr3/TrIF signaling and delayed activation by direct infection of MCs that did not involve TLr3/rrIF signaling. Cell type-specific Cre-recombination that yielded eGFP-expressing reporter virus selectively originating from MCs identified MC as a new in vivo, first-hit target cell of productive murine CMV infection.

关键词： cytomegalovirus innate immunity mast cells mast cell-specific Cre-recombination TLr3FrrIF-signaling

Integrating biomechanical and motor control principles in elite high jumpers： A transdisciplinary approach to enhancing sport performance

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2015年第4期4卷 341-346页

作者： James becker Will EW. Wu Department of kinesiology California State University Long Beach CA 90840 USA

Background： In recent years, there has been a proliferation of technology and sport science utilized within an athlete＇s training, especially at the elite level. However, the sport science is a broad field, encompassing disciplines such as biomechanics, motor control and learning, exercise physiology, sports medicine, sport psychology to name a few. rarely are these disciplines applied in an integrated manner. The purpose of this study was to document the effectiveness of an integrated biomechanics and motor control protocol for improving athlete＇s performance in the high jump. Methods： Four elite high jumpers performed baseline jumps under no^mal conditions and then jumps using a specific external focus of attention cue designed to improve their running posture. Three-dimensional biomeehanical analysis was used to quantify the upright posture throughout the approach as well as horizontal velocity at plant and vertical velocity at takeoff. results： The results showed that when using the external focus of attention cue, the jumpers were significantly more upright during the approach, had significantly higher horizontal velocities at plant, and generated significantly greater vertical velocities during the takeoff. Conclusion： The results of this study lay the foundation for future work examining how integrating sport science disciplines can improve performance of elite level athletes.

关键词： Biomechanics High jump Motor control Sport performance

Early gestation chorionic villi-derived stromal cells for fetal tissue engineering

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 195-207页

作者： Lee Lankford Taryn Selby James becker Volodymyr ryzhuk Connor Long Diana Farmer Aijun Wang Department of Surgery University of California Davis Health System Sacramento CA 95817 United States

AIM: To investigate the potential for early gestation placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells(PMSCs) for fetal tissue ***: PMSCs were isolated from early gestation chorionic villus tissue by explant culture. Chorionic villus sampling(CVS)-size tissue samples(mean = 35.93 mg)were used to test the feasibility of obtaining large cell numbers from CVS within a clinically relevant timeframe. We characterized PMSCs isolated from 6 donor placentas by flow cytometry immunophenotyping, multipotency assays, and through immunofluorescent staining. Protein secretion from PMSCs was examined using two cytokine array assays capable of probing for over 70 factors in total. Delivery vehicle compatibility of PMSCs was determined using three common scaffold systems: fibrin glue, collagen hydrogel, and biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds made from a combination of polylactic acid(PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA). Viral transduction of PMSCs was performed using a Luciferase-GFPcontaining lentiviral vector and efficiency of transduction was tested by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry ***: We determined that an average of 2.09 × 106(SD ± 8.59 × 105) PMSCs could be obtained from CVS-size tissue samples within 30 d(mean = 27 d, SD ± 2.28), indicating that therapeutic numbers of cells can be rapidly expanded from very limited masses of tissue. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry demonstrated that PMSCs were positive for MSC markers CD105, CD90, CD73, CD44, and CD29, and were negative for hematopoietic and endothelial markers CD45, CD34, and CD31. PMSCs displayed trilineage differentiation capability, and were found to express developmental transcription factors Sox10 and Sox17 as well as neuralrelated structural proteins NFM, Nestin, and S100 β. Cytokine arrays revealed a robust and extensive profile of PMSC-secreted cytokines and growth factors, and detected 34 factors with spot density values exceeding 103. Detected factors had widely div

关键词： Placenta Mesenchymal stromal cells Chorionicvillus Fetal surgery Tissue engineering

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What's Wrong

小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2021年第7期 42-43页

作者： Paula becker(图) 不详

Differences in Treatment Patterns and Health Care Costs among Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients receiving rituximab in the Hospital Outpatient Setting versus the Office/Clinic Setting

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第2期5卷 208-216页

作者： Stacey DaCosta Byfield Art Small Laura k. becker Carolina M. reyes Genentech Inc. South San Francisco USA Optum Eden Prairie USA

Objective: To examine whether differences in treatment patterns and health care costs exist among chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) patients receiving rituximab in a hospital outpatient setting versus those receiving rituximab in a physician office/community clinic setting. Methods: This retrospective database study used medical and pharmacy claims (1/2007-7/2012) from a large US health plan. Patients ≥18 years with ≥2 rituximab claims and ≥2 claims for either NHL or CLL were identified. The date of the first rituximab claim were set as the index date, and differences in treatment patterns and health care costs were examined during the period following the index date. Costs were adjusted for patient characteristics using a multivariate regression model. results: A total of 4441 patients were identified;3167 received rituximab in the office/clinic setting, and 1274 in the hospital outpatient setting. From 2007 to 2012, the percentage of patients receiving rituximab in the hospital outpatient setting increased from 22% to 39%. Patients treated in the hospital outpatient setting vs. the office/clinic setting had fewer average counts of rituximab infusions (5.60 vs. 7.49, p 0.001), higher total health care costs (cost ratio = 1.325, p 0.001), higher infusion day drug and administration costs (cost ratio = 1.509, p 0.001), and higher rates of Er visits and inpatient stays (both p 0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that site of care may impact treatment patterns and costs of patients receiving rituximab, and additional research is needed to better understand the reason(s) for these differences by site of service.

关键词： Lymphoma Leukemia rituximab Treatment Setting Costs

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Let's Party

小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2020年第6期 38-39页

作者： Paula becker(图) 不详

Quantum-orbit theory of low-energy above-threshold ionization on and off axis

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Chinese Optics Letters 2015年第7期13卷 18-22页

作者： W.becker D.B.Miloevi Max-Born-Institut Faculty of Science University of Sarajevo Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Intense-laser-induced above-threshold ionization of a bound electron into continuum states with low energy is investigated in the context of the strong-field approximation that allows for one act of rescattering of the re- visiting electron. The quantum orbits for forward and backward scattering are evaluated and generalized to arbitrary scattering angles. The velocity map of the liberated electron exhibits the well-known low-energy structure as well as other features off the polarization axis.

关键词： Quantum-orbit theory of low-energy above-threshold ionization on and off axis

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细胞型DNA特异结合蛋白的快速分离

中国医学科学院学报 1990年第2期12卷 105-109页

作者：王智 F.F.becker 中国医学科学院基础医学研究所美国德州大学肿瘤研究所

本文建立了一个改良的凝胶洗脱法,用以分离细胞型DNA特异结合蛋白质。采用小型平板SDS凝胶电泳分离和银染鉴定,用硝酸纤维素滤膜结合法和迁移率改变法检测DNA活性。此法具有快速、经济和保留DNA活性等优点,适用于分离纯化象细胞型DNA特... 详细信息

本文建立了一个改良的凝胶洗脱法,用以分离细胞型DNA特异结合蛋白质。采用小型平板SDS凝胶电泳分离和银染鉴定,用硝酸纤维素滤膜结合法和迁移率改变法检测DNA活性。此法具有快速、经济和保留DNA活性等优点,适用于分离纯化象细胞型DNA特异结合这样含量极微的蛋白质。

关键词：凝胶洗脱分离结合蛋白质 DNA

Non-Parametric Local Maxima and Minima Finder with Filtering Techniques for Bioprocess

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2016年第4期7卷 192-213页

作者： k. k. L. B. Adikaram M. A. Hussein M. Effenberger T. becker Group Bio-Process Analysis Technology Technische Universit&auml t München Freising Germany Bavarian State research Center for Agriculture Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry Freising Germany Computer Unit Faculty of Agriculture University of Ruhuna Mapalana Kamburupitiy Sri Lanka Lehrstuhl für Brau-und Geträ nketechnologie Technische Universit&auml t München Freising Germany

Typically extrema filtration techniques are based on non-parametric properties such as magnitude of prominences and the widths at half prominence, which cannot be used with data that possess a dynamic nature. In this work, an extrema identification that is totally independent of derivative-based approaches and independent of quantitative attributes is introduced. For three consecutive positive terms arranged in a line, the ratio (r) of the sum of the maximum and minimum to the sum of the three terms is always 2/n, where n is the number of terms and 2/3 ≤ r ≤ 1 when n = 3. r > 2/3 implies that one term is away from the other two terms. Applying suitable modifications for the above stated hypothesis, the method was developed and the method is capable of identifying peaks and valleys in any signal. Furthermore, three techniques were developed for filtering non-dominating, sharp, gradual, low and high extrema. Especially, all the developed methods are non-parametric and suitable for analyzing processes that have dynamic nature such as biogas data. The methods were evaluated using automatically collected biogas data. results showed that the extrema identification method was capable of identifying local extrema with 0% error. Furthermore, the non-parametric filtering techniques were able to distinguish dominating, flat, sharp, high, and low extrema in the biogas data with high robustness.

关键词： Extrema Point First Derivative Peak Finder Peaks and Valleys Maxima and Minima Second Derivative